添加表面活性剂对Bi_2O_3-ZnO-Nb_2O_5系陶瓷温度系数的影响

研究了原料混合球磨研磨时 ,加入表面活性剂对Bi2 O3-ZnO -Nb2 O5(BZN )系复相区陶瓷的相组成及性能的影响 .依据最佳的(Bi3xZn2 - 3x) (ZnxNb2 -x)O7陶瓷配方 ,采用固相反应法制备BZN陶瓷试样 .在原料混合球磨研磨时 ,加入具有醇和胺双重性质的两性表面活性剂 ,借助XRD ,DTA ,SEM和HP42 74A阻抗分析仪等研究手段 ,研究实验制备的BZN陶瓷试样的相结构与介电性能 .结果表明 :试样的相结构仍为焦绿石立方结构α相和单斜结构β相的 (α +β)复相焦绿石结构 ;在制备过程中加入表面活性剂 ,可降低Bi2 O3,ZnO ,Nb2 O5原料固液界面表面张力 ,破坏原料的团聚状态 ,达到各种原料的充分混合 ,从而促进了在较低温度下形成相对较多的立方焦绿石α相 ,提高了相组成的稳定性 .大大扩大了符合零温度系数 [( 0± 30 )× 10 - 6 /℃ ]要求的烧成范围 ,且此BZN陶瓷介电常数高 (ε≥ 10 5 )、介电损耗小 (tgδ <10 - 4 )     

Sm2O3掺杂的Bi2O3-ZnO-Nb2O5基陶瓷的烧结特性与介电性能

用传统的固相法合成了Sm2O3掺杂的Bi2O3-ZnO-Nb2O5(BZN)基陶瓷(Bi1.5-xSmxZn0.5)(Zn0.5Nb1.5)O7(0≤x≤0.6,BSZN),通过XRD、AV2782阻抗分析仪等测试手段对其烧结行为、相结构及介电性能进行了系统研究.结果表明纯BZN陶瓷的结构为立方焦绿石单相;当Sm2O3掺杂量较少(0＜x≤0.5)时,样品的相结构仍然保持立方焦绿石单相;随着Sm2O3掺杂量的进一步增加(x≥0.6),样品出现其它相.同时,试样的介电性能随结构的变化而呈现有规律的变化.     

BZN三元系焦绿石陶瓷离子取代改性研究

本文研究了稀土离子Sm3 取代Bi2O3-ZnO-Nb2O5(BZN)基陶瓷Bi(1.5-x)SmxZnNb1.507的A位元素Bi3 后,对其物相结构与介电性能的影响.采用传统电子陶瓷制备工艺制各陶瓷样品.利用XRD、SME等测试手段对样品进行测试,未用Sm2O3取代的纯三元系BZN陶瓷为立方焦绿石单相;当Sm2O3取代量较少时(0相似文献   

V2O5掺杂对(Bi1.5Zn1.0Nb1.5)O7介质陶瓷性能的影响

采用传统的固相反应法制备陶瓷试样,借助XRD,SEM和LCR测试仪,研究了V2O5掺杂对(Bi1.5Zn1.0Nb1.5)O7介质陶瓷的烧结特性和介电性能的影响.结果表明,掺杂适量V2O5后试样的烧结温度明显降低,相结构仍为立方焦绿石单相,且具有良好的介电性能:介电常数(εr)为135～154,介电损耗(tan δ)为0.0033～0.0007,频率温度系数(τf)为-442～-387(2MHz).     

ZrO2/Al2O3复相陶瓷的制备及性能研究

本文以工业用ZrO2和α-Al2O3微粉为原料,通过干压成型和常压烧结工艺制备ZrO2/Al2O3复相陶瓷.通过检测复相陶瓷的体积密度、显气孔率、常温抗折强度、烧后线变化率和热震稳定性,研究不同α-Al2O3微粉加入量及添加剂Y2O3对ZrO2/Al2O3复相陶瓷烧结性能、常温强度、热震稳定性及微观结构的影响,并通过SEM方法对烧后试样的微观结构进行表征.结果表明:系统配料中加入Al2O3会降低ZrO2/Al2O3复相陶瓷的致密度,常温强度随着Al2O3加入量增大而呈现先增大后减小趋势,然而热震稳定性有一定程度改善.Y2O3作为一种助烧剂可以促进ZrO2/Al2O3复相陶瓷结构内晶粒长大,加入Y2O3有利于增强复相陶瓷的烧结性.     

ZrO2—SiO2—Al2O3系复相陶瓷制备及其耐磨性试验研究

利用等离子分解锆英石（PDZ）和锆英粉与Al2O3反应烧结制备了ZiO2-SiO2-Al2O3系复相陶瓷。利用XRD、SEM、反光显微镜、显微硬度计等测试手段，对烧成试样的物相组成、显微结构、显微硬度、气孔状况及耐磨性进行了测试分析与讨论。研究结果表明：含镁助剂的加入促进了反应烧结；由PDZ制备的试样的性能优于锆英粉原料的试样：较佳的原料配比为No.4即Al2O3:PDZ=3:1，其耐磨性优于氧化铝质研磨体，适宜的烧成温度范围是1580℃－1600℃。     

W替代Bi对β-BZN介电性能的影响

采用固相反应制备(Bi2-xWx)(Zn1/3Nb2/3)2O7陶瓷。研究W6+替代Bi3+对铋锌铌基陶瓷烧结特性、相结构及介电性能的影响。结果表明:掺杂BZN烧结温度略有降低;样品相结构保持单一的单斜焦绿石相,其相结构向高角方向移动;随着W6+替代量的增加,介质材料的介电常数、介电损耗及温度系数都有所变化;当x=0.2时,样品的性能最优,εr=95.39、tanδ=3.89×10-3,αc=228.7×10-6。     

Ba(Zn_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_3--ZnNb_2O_6复相陶瓷的显微结构和介电性能

采用传统电子陶瓷工艺制备Ba(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3--ZnNb2O6(BZNZ)复相陶瓷,研究了Ba(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3(BZN)含量对BZNZ陶瓷显微结构和微波性能的影响。结果表明,加入BZN提高了陶瓷的烧结温度,陶瓷为复相结构,除Ba(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3与ZnNb2O6两种基体相外,有新相BaNb3.6O10生成。在微波频率下,随BZN含量增多,复相陶瓷的介电常数逐渐增大,品质因数Q×f值先增大后减小,谐振频率温度系数τf沿正方向移动。当BZN摩尔分数为30%时,陶瓷的综合性能最佳:相对介电常数εr=30.76,Q×f=29 600GHz,介电损耗tanδ=1.98×10--4,τf=--2.34×10--6/℃。     

ZrO2—SiO2—Al2O3系复相陶瓷制备及其耐磨性试验研究

利用等离子分解锆英石（PDZ）和锆英粉与Al2O3反应烧结制务了ZrO2-SiO2-Al2O3系复相陶瓷。利用XRD,SEM,反应显微镜,显微硬度计等测试手段,对烧成试样的物相相成,显微结构,显微硬度,气孔状况及耐磨性进行了测试分析与讨论,研究结果表明：含镁助剂的加入促进了反应烧结;由PDZ制备的试样的性能优于锆英粉原料的试样,较佳的原料配比为No.4即Al2O3:PDZ=3:1,其耐磨性优于氧化铝质研磨体;适宜的烧成温度范围是1580℃－1600℃。     

Y3+取代对(Bi1.5Zn0.5)(Nb0.5Ti1.5)O7陶瓷显微结构与介电性能的影响

研究了Y3 取代的(Bi1.5Zn0.5)(Nb0.5Ti0.5)O7(BZNT)基陶瓷(Bi1.5-xYx Zn0.5)(Nb0.5Ti1.5)O7(0≤x≤1.5,BYZNT)的显微结构和介电性能。采用传统的固相反应法制备陶瓷样品,XRD分析样品的相结构。结果表明:BZNT陶瓷的相结构中主相为立方焦绿石相;在整个取代范围内,BYZNT陶瓷的结构仍然保持主相为立方焦绿石的相结构。同时,随着Y3 取代的增加,晶胞体积减小,介电性能随结构的变化而呈现有规律的变化。其介电性能为:εr≈73-180,tanδ≈1.6％-0.4％,αε≈(-583-89)× 10-6／℃(1MHz)。     

Preparation and characterization of Cr2O3-TiO2-Al2O3-V2O5 green pigment

Green pigments with high near infrared reflectance based on a Cr₂O₃-TiO₂-Al₂O₃-V₂O₅ composition have been synthesized. Cr₂O₃ was used as the host component and mixtures of TiO₂, Al₂O₃ and V₂O₅ were used as the guest components. TiO₂, Al₂O₃, and V₂O₅ were mixed into 39 different compositions. The spectral reflectance and the distribution of pigment powder were determined using a spectrophotometer and a scanning electron microscope, respectively. It was found that a pigment powder sample S9 with a Cr₂O₃-TiO₂-Al₂O₃-V₂O₅ composition of 80, 4, 14 and 2 wt%, respectively, gives a maximum near infrared solar reflectance of 82.8% compared with 49.0% for pure Cr₂O₃. The dispersion of pigment powders in a ceramic glaze was also studied. The results show that the pigment powder sample S9 is suitable for use as a coating material for ceramic-based roofs.     

Thermopower of Semiconducting Glasses in the V2O5-P2O5 and V2O5-CdS-P2O5 Systems

Vanadium phosphate and cadmium sulfide-doped vanadium phosphate glasses containing up to 50–80 mol % V₂O₅ are prepared. The thermopower of these glasses is measured in the temperature range 303–473 K. The activation energies are determined from the linear dependences of the thermopower S and the logarithm of the conductivity logσ on the reciprocal of the temperature 1/T. It is demonstrated that the activation energies obtained by two methods differ from each other. The difference between the activation energies is referred to as the hopping energy Δ. The possibility of an Anderson metal-insulator transition occurring is examined. It is revealed that similar transitions are not observed in the glasses under investigation. The data obtained are analyzed within the small-polaron hopping model describing the electron conduction. It is established that hopping conduction proceeds over localized states in the tail of the density of states. All the glasses are characterized by electron conduction. Original Russian Text Copyright ? 2005 by Fizika i Khimiya Stekla, Khairnar, Yawale, Pakade.     

Corrosion mechanisms of Al2O3/MgAl2O4 by V2O5, NiO, Fe2O3 and vanadium slag

The effects of V₂O₅, NiO, Fe₂O₃ and vanadium slag on the corrosion of Al₂O₃ and MgAl₂O₄ have been investigated. The specimens of Al₂O₃ and MgAl₂O₄ with the respective oxides above mentioned were heated at 10 °C/min from room temperature up to three different temperatures: 1400, 1450 and 1500 °C. The corrosion mechanisms of each system were followed by XRD and SEM analyses. The results obtained showed that Al₂O₃ was less affected by the studied oxides than MgAl₂O₄. Alumina was only attacked by NiO forming NiAl₂O₄ spinel, while the MgAl₂O₄ spinel was attacked by V₂O₅ forming MgV₂O₆. It was also observed that Fe₂O₃ and Mg, Ni, V and Fe present in the vanadium slag diffused into Al₂O₃. On the other hand, the Fe₂O₃ and Ca, S, Si, Na, Mg, V and Fe diffused into the MgAl₂O₄ structure. Finally, the results obtained were compared with those predicted by the FactSage software.     

Crystal Structure of the LiNaZnP2O7 Compound in the Li2ZnP2O7-Na2ZnP2O7 Glass-Forming System

The crystal structure of the LiNaZnP₂O₇ compound is determined using X-ray powder diffraction (space group Cmcm, a = 12.431 Å, b = 7.589 Å, c = 6.283 Å). The structure has a mixed tetrahedral framework consisting of the diortho groups [P₂O₇] and the tetrahedra [ZnO₄] and [LiO₄], which are joined into chains. The [ZnO₄] and [LiO₄] tetrahedra are distributed in the chains in a random manner, because the zinc and lithium atoms statistically occupy one crystallographic position. The sodium cations are arranged in channels of the tetrahedral framework. The atomic coordinates and interatomic distances in the structure are reported. Original Russian Text Copyright ? 2005 by Fizika i Khimiya Stekla, Shepelev, Lapshin, Petrova, Novikova.     

Phase diagram of the Al2O3-HfO2-Y2O3 system

The phase diagram of the Al₂O₃-HfO₂-Y₂O₃ system was first constructed in the temperature range 1200-2800 °C. The phase transformations in the system are completed in eutectic reactions. No ternary compounds or regions of appreciable solid solution were found in the components or binaries in this system. Four new ternary and three new quasibinary eutectics were found. The minimum melting temperature is 1755 °C and it corresponds to the ternary eutectic Al₂O₃ + HfO₂ + Y₃Al₅O₁₂. The solidus surface projection, the schematic of the alloy crystallization path and the vertical sections present the complete phase diagram of the Al₂O₃-HfO₂-Y₂O₃ system.     

Phase stability and electric conductivity of Er2O3-Nb2O5 co-doped Bi2O3 electrolyte

Two oxides, Er₂O₃ and Nb₂O₃, are used to stabilize delta-phase Bi₂O₃ used as electrolyte of solid oxide fuel cell. Optimization of dopant ratio and total doping concentration (TDC) is determined by X-ray diffraction, and successfully reduce the TDC (Er + Nb) to 10-15 mol.%. Conductivities of different compositions are measured by two-probe method. The results show that highest conductivity appears at the minimum doping concentrations. Phase stability of ENSB samples with Er/Nb ratio of 2/1 and TDC of 10-20 mol.% at 650 °C up to 300 h is analyzed showing two newly formed (alpha- and gamma-) phases in the samples. Degradation of conductivity at 650 °C is studied in detail by DTA and TEM. The abnormity of lattice contraction of delta-phase is discussed.     

Microstructure, electrical properties, and aging behavior of ZnO-Pr6O11-CoO-Cr2O3-Y2O3-Er2O3 varistor ceramics

The microstructure, electrical properties, and aging behavior of the ZnO-Pr₆O₁₁-CoO-Cr₂O₃-Y₂O₃-Er₂O₃ varistor ceramics were investigated for different contents of Er₂O₃. The microstructure consisted of ZnO grain and an intergranular layer (Pr, Y, and Er-rich phases) as a secondary phase. The increase of Er₂O₃ content decreased the average grain size and increased the sintered density. As the Er₂O₃ content increased, the breakdown field increased from 4206 V/cm to 5857 V/cm and the nonlinear coefficient increased from 32.6 to 48.6. The varistor ceramics added with 1.0 mol% Er₂O₃ exhibited excellent stability by exhibiting −0.2% in the variation rate of the breakdown field and −2.7% in the variation rate of the nonlinear coefficient for aging stress of 0.95 E_1 mA/150 °C/24 h.     

Long-term degradation of Ta2O5-doped Bi2O3 systems

Bismuth oxide in δ-phase is a well-known high oxygen ion conductor and can be used as an electrolyte for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells (IT-SOFCs). 5-10 mol% Ta₂O₅ are doped into Bi₂O₃ to stabilize δ-phase by solid state reaction process. One Bi₂O₃ sample (7.5TSB) was stabilized by 7.5 mol% Ta₂O₅ and exhibited single phase δ-Bi₂O₃-like (type I) phase. Thermo-mechanical analyzer (TMA), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), AC impedance and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) were used to characterize the properties. The results showed that holding at 800-850 °C for 1 h was the appropriate sintering conditions to get dense samples. Obvious conductivity degradation phenomenon was obtained by 1000 h long-term treatment at 650 °C due to the formation of α-Bi₂O₃ phase and Bi₃TaO₇, and 〈1 1 1〉 vacancy ordering in Bi₃TaO₇ structure.     

Sodium impurities in ZnO-Bi2O3-Sb2O3 based varistors

Sodium impurities are frequently present in the raw oxides that constitute the complex formulation of ZnO-Bi₂O₃-Sb₂O₃ based varistors. But actually little is known about their effect on the microstructure and the electrical response of these materials. This is the main goal of the present contribution and according to the obtained results an excessive presence of this alkaline impurity can lead to a compositional change in the Bi-rich skeleton of the varistor microstructure. As a consequence the grain growth kinetics, the densification rate and the characteristic non-linear I-V response of these electroceramics are seriously affected.