碳化硅质泡沫陶瓷过滤器的研制

以碳化硅、高岭土、氧化铝粉为原料,以混合稀土氧化物为烧结助剂,制成流变性较好的水基陶瓷料浆,将其浸渍在泡沫塑料上,在泡沫体上形成均匀的涂层,最终烧制成具有气孔率高、容重小、强度好、抗热震性强的碳化硅质泡沫陶瓷过滤器。研究了水、乙醇、NaOH、CMC以及NaOH＋CMC对聚氨酯泡沫塑料的表面处理效果。研究发现：经过NaOH和CMC混合处理的泡沫塑料可以获得最佳的挂浆效果;浆料的涂挂量在一定范围内随着固相含量的增加而变好,当固相含量为75％时,可获得均匀稳定适于浸渍的浆料;二次挂浆可以明显地增加泡沫塑料的涂覆量,其孔筋直径是一次挂浆的2倍,增加了泡沫陶瓷过滤器的强度。     

Fe2O3对SiC基泡沫陶瓷过滤器性能的影响

采用有机前驱体浸渍法制备SiC基泡沫陶瓷过滤器,通过对SiC基泡沫陶瓷过滤器热震性、抗压强度的测试以及显微结构的分析,研究了Fe2O3对泡沫陶瓷过滤器强度和烧结等性能的影响.实验表明:随着Fe2O3含量的增加,泡沫陶瓷过滤器的抗压强度随之增加,而抗热震次数显著减少;Fe2O3的加入能够起到助烧作用,但是过量的Fe2O3会导致烧结体产生过量的玻璃相,Fe2O3的含量应控制在1.5wt%以内.     

莫来石-刚玉多孔陶瓷支撑体的制备与性能

以高岭土和氧化铝为原料,通过聚合物辅助挤出成型法制备了管状莫来石-刚玉多孔陶瓷支撑体.研究造孔剂添加量和烧结温度对支撑体相组成、机械强度、微观结构及孔结构的影响,结果显示通过优化制备条件可以获得高气孔率、高强度、孔径分布均匀、透气度好,且具有良好抗热震性能的多孔陶瓷支撑体.     

烧结温度对碳化硅-氧化铝陶瓷过滤器性能的影响

采用有机泡沫浸渍工艺制备陶瓷过滤器,探讨了烧结温度对SiC基泡沫陶瓷过滤器性能的影响.结果表明:随着烧结温度的提高,SiC基泡沫陶瓷过滤器的抗压强度和热震稳定性呈现先增加后降低的趋势,当烧结温度为1430℃时两种性能均较高;此时由于在陶瓷中晶粒尺寸均匀、气孔和玻璃相含量较少,并且相中含有较多的莫来石相和较少的方石英相因此其综合性能最佳,此时陶瓷的容重为0.5 g/cm3,抗压强度为2.7 MPa,1100℃-室温热循环次数为27次.     

铸铁用碳化硅质泡沫陶瓷过滤器的制备与性能

使用有机泡沫浸渍工艺制备碳化硅质泡沫陶瓷过滤器,探讨了复合粘结剂的比例、烧结助剂(Al2O3)的加入量及烧结性能。样品的抗压强度与Al2O3的含量之间存在最佳搭配关系,莫来石相的生成是材料强度提高的一个重要贡献因素。采用最佳配方在1400℃制得的碳化硅质泡沫陶瓷过滤器抗压强度达到1.9MPa,样品加热至1100℃,放入15℃水中急冷的热震次数高达15次。     

铸造用碳化硅质泡沫陶瓷过滤器组织性能对比研究

基于铸造用泡沫陶瓷过滤器的使用环境,引入了高温负荷变形新的评价指标.测量并比较了铸造用碳化硅质泡沫陶瓷过滤器英国Foseco产品和国内三种产品的容重、室温抗压强度、抗热震性和高温负荷变形等.从组织结构方面分析了这四种产品性能差异的原因.结果表明,英国Foseco产品抗热震性最好,高温负荷变形最小;国内产品与英国Foseco产品相比,其微观组织中有较多的玻璃相和一定的方石英相;玻璃相和方石英相使国内产品的抗热震性能降低,同时玻璃相也使高温负荷变形增大.     

ZrO2/Al2O3复相泡沫陶瓷过滤器制备工艺研究

采用有机泡沫浸渍法制备泡沫陶瓷,研究了各种不同工艺因素对泡沫陶瓷性能的影响。采用XRD、SEM对泡沫陶瓷的相组成及微观结构作了分析与探讨。结果表明,在粘结剂聚乙烯醇加入量为0.5%,减水剂木质素磺酸钙加入量为0.5%,流变剂苏州土加入量为1.5%时,调整分散剂的加入量,当浆料中分散剂四甲基氢氧化铵的质量分数为0.9%时,可获得具有较佳分散性能的浆料。浆料的固相含量为85%时最适合挂浆的需求。对氧化锆氧化铝复合浆料进行进一步分析表明,氧化铝的加入量为20%时,浆料具有较小的粘度。烧结体的XRD分析表明,氧化铝加入量为20%时较好地抑制了t-ZrO2→m-ZrO2转变的发生,将大量的能发挥应力诱导相变的亚稳态四方相氧化锆保留了下来,从而提高了烧结体的力学性能。SEM分析也表明加入适量的氧化铝可有效抑制氧化锆晶粒的长大,并且起到颗粒弥散增强的作用。     

刚玉质泡沫陶瓷过滤器的研制

采用有机泡沫浸渍法制备了刚玉质泡沫陶瓷过滤器,研究了氧化锆、二氧化硅微粉、聚乙烯醇(PVA)、有机泡沫材料的处理及浸渍挂浆对刚玉质陶瓷材料的影响。通过合理的加工工艺,制备出刚玉质陶瓷过滤器。结果表明:当氧化锆含量为8%、聚乙烯醇0.4%～0.6%、二氧化硅微粉3%时,材料的耐压强度3.5MPa,抗折强度1.8MPa,气孔率85%,抗热震性6次,性能指标满足要求。     

红硅石粉用于熔铜炉衬的试验研究

采用特级矾土熟料、一级矾土熟料、活性α-氧化铝粉及红硅石粉为原料,硼酐为矿化剂,研究分别加入5%、10%、15%、20%、25%和30%红硅石粉对熔铜炉炉衬耐火材料性能的影响。利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)检测了加入红硅石粉前后物相组成的变化,并采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察和分析了试样烧成后的晶体形貌。结果表明:红硅石粉的加入能显著提高炉衬材料内莫来石的生成量,从而提高材料的抗侵蚀性能及其他性能,适宜作熔铜炉炉衬原料,但其加入量有上限,最佳加入量为20%。     

硅溶胶对龙泉青瓷弟窑胎体性能影响研究

本文以龙泉青瓷弟窑胎体材料为基础,通过引入硅溶胶对其增强,研究了硅溶胶的加入量对龙泉青瓷弟窑胎体材料的微结构和力学性能的影响。结果表明：硅溶胶均匀分散在原料颗粒表面,在烧制过程中生成高活性超细二氧化硅通过与胎体中的氧化铝反应生成了更多小尺寸莫来石相实现对胎体的增强,随着硅溶胶加入量的增加,抗弯强度与烧结收缩率经历了先上升后下降的过程,当在加入2%的硅溶胶时,样品抗弯强度、收缩率最大。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

A STUDY OF TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT VALENCE BOND STRUCTURE OF TITANIUM

On the basis of energy and shape method for the determination of the valence bond (VB) structures of crystal, the valence bond structure of titanium is redetermined at room temperature and calculated in the whole temperature range of 0-1943K. The outer shell electronic distribution of Ti is e_c~(2.9907) · (s_c~(0.4980) d_c~(2.4927)) ef1.0093 in crystal. The temperature dependences of the VB structures of hcp and bcc phases are the same. The VB structures of hcp and bcc phases monotonically increase or decrease with the increase in temperature, but show discontinuous changes at the phase-transformation temperature 1155K.