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成枫 《精细化工原料及中间体》2006,(7):3-6
丙烯和液化气一般是以乙烯联产品或炼厂副产品方式得到的。由于需求强劲,采用一般的蒸汽裂解和催化裂解方法所得产品不能满足实际生产的需求,因此人们纷纷研究开发增产液化气和丙烯的新技术。目前,丙烯增产技术主要有烯烃歧化、蒸汽裂解、FCC装置升级、C4/C5烃选择裂解、丙烷脱氢以及甲醇制烯烃等。2003年,世界61%的丙烯来自蒸汽裂解生产乙烯的副产品;34%来自炼油厂催化裂化(VCC)生产汽、柴油的副产品;约3%来自丙烷脱氢装置;2%来自其它装置。催化裂化装置产丙烯约占炼油厂所产丙烯的97%;延迟焦化和减粘装置所产丙烯只约占3%。今后世界丙烯生产技术的发展趋势是蒸汽裂解制乙烯联产丙烯的比例会相对下降,炼厂生产丙烯的比例将相对增长,丙烷脱氢、烯烃转化以及甲醇法等新型生产方法将在增产丙烯中得到不断发展,所发挥的作用将越来越大。 相似文献
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《化学推进剂与高分子材料》2018,(6)
正天津大学能源化学工程团队近日研发出高效丙烷脱氢(PDH)铂基催化剂,将显著提升丙烯生产效能,有望打破西方国家对丙烷脱氢核心技术的长期垄断。工业化生产的丙烯主要来源于5种途径:石脑油蒸汽裂解副产丙烯,炼厂催化裂化装置副产丙烯,丙烷脱氢制丙烯,煤(甲醇)制丙烯(MTP),乙烯和丁烯为原料的烯烃歧化。目前仍以蒸汽裂解副产丙烯和催化裂化副产丙烯为主流,但乙烯原料的轻质化(如乙烷裂解)间接影响了丙烯的供应,促进PDH工艺和MTP工艺快速发 相似文献
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丙烯是催化裂化和蒸气裂解装置的副产品,由于近年来国内外对丙烯的需求逐年增多,常规的蒸气裂解和催化裂化工艺生产的丙烯都难以满足丙烯快速增长的需求。目前主要生产丙烯的工艺有:1)蒸气裂解工艺;2)催化裂化工艺;3)易位反应工艺;4)丙烷脱氢工艺;5)甲醇制烯烃(MTP)工艺;6)重烯烃裂解工艺。其中对甲醇制丙烯(MTP)项目工艺包开发作了简要说明。 相似文献
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丙烯是生产化工产品的重要原料,目前茂名地区有两套生产丙烯的装置。一套在茂名市化工纺织联合总厂,用炼油厂液化气、蒸汽裂解、中冷分离生产混合乙烯及粗丙烯,丙烯全部用作化工原料;另一套在茂名石油工业公司炼油厂流化催化裂化液化气予分离生产的纯度>90%(Ⅴ)的丙烯,除少量 相似文献
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1 前言分析表明,作为重要的大宗石化产品丙烯的需求增长速度已超过乙烯,预计后五年内丙烯需求年增长率将达57%,而乙烯为48%。据预测,丙烯消费量将由1997年4800万t增加到2000年5000万t和2010年7500万t。丙烯衍生物中,聚丙烯占其用量的一半以上,达53%,其后依次是:丙烯腈11%,羰基醇9%,环氧丙烷7%,异丙苯7%,丙烯酸5%,异丙醇3%,其他5%。世界上丙烯约70%来自蒸汽裂解装置,28%来自炼油厂催化裂化装置,约2%由丙烷脱氢和易位反应得到。除蒸汽裂解是生产丙烯的重要来源之一,近年发展的增产丙烯的其他技术有:增产丙烯的催化裂化技术;烯烃相互转化技… 相似文献
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《化工经济技术信息》2008,(12)
丙烯是重要的有机化工原料,目前主要来源于石脑油蒸汽裂解。催化裂化增产丙烯,具有原料来源广、加工成本低的优势,因而受到关注。该项目开发的LTB-1和LTB-2增产丙烯助剂和催化剂适应性强,应用装置涵盖了主流的催化裂化/裂解装置,加工原料范围广,产品已在17家炼厂成功应用。 相似文献
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近20年来,由于丙烯的推广应用不断扩大,用丙烯代替纸张、钢材、木材等非塑性材料和较昂贵的合成树脂,特别是在汽车工业的广泛使用,使世界丙烯需求增长率一直快于乙烯。预计在今后20年间,世界丙烯需求的增长率将超过乙烯的一倍。据CMA公司统计和预测,2003年全世界生产丙烯5630万吨,其中67%来自蒸汽裂解装置,30%来自炼油厂的催化裂化装置,2%来自丙烷脱氢装置,1%来自其它装置。 相似文献
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原有丙烯的生产工艺都是与其他产物的生产相联系的,即同时生产乙烯和丙烯的蒸汽裂解技术和主要生产汽油、同时伴生丙烯的流化催化裂化(FCC)技术。事实上,目前生产的丙烯,88%以上都是上述两种生产过程中的联产物或副产品(蒸汽裂解占61.3%,FCC占26.8%,丙烷脱氢占3.2%,轻烃分离占5.9%,烯烃易位反应占2.2%,FCC提高丙烯收率技术0.3%,其他0.3%,甲醇制丙烯目前还未形成规模化产能)。 相似文献
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Yury V. Kissin 《Catalysis Letters》1993,19(2-3):181-187
An experimental technique is discussed for measuring relative reactivities of alkanes in the catalytic cracking of multi-component hydrocarbon mixtures over a heterogeneous, Y-zeolitebased catalyst at 250–350 °C. With the technique, ca. 0.1 l of an alkane mixture is evaporated and contacted with a catalyst, after which the mixture of reaction products and the unreacted feed enters the chromatographic column and is immediately analyzed. The technique is used to measure relative reactivities of 21 alkanes in a single experiment. The principal results of these experiments are similar to the results of single-component cracking: alkane reactivity rapidly increases with the increase of the carbon number, and methyl-branched alkanes are more reactive than linear alkanes. However, the variations in alkane reactivities as a function of their molecular weight and skeleton structure differ very significantly between single- and multicomponent experiments. 相似文献
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吸热型碳氢燃料的裂解及结焦研究进展 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
首先比较了燃料热裂解和催化裂解的优缺点,由于二者均具有一定局限性,使引发热裂解成为燃料目前最具优势的裂解方式,重点介绍了引发热裂解的研究进展。燃料裂解形成的碳沉积主要有丝状和无定形状2种形态,分别对它们的形成机理、影响因素及抑制措施进行了介绍。 相似文献
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Catalytic reactions of n-hexane on HY zeolite have been studied at 500°C. An examination of initial product selectivities shows that monomolecular processes are dominant. These include cracking to produce either C3 + C3 or C2 + C4 and skeletal isomerization. Bimolecular cracking processes account for only ~ 5% of the total initial selectivity. Methane was identified as an initial reaction product, but its formation is due to concurrent thermal processes. Molecular hydrogen was observed only as a secondary product. The conversion of n-hexane was fitted by a kinetic model previously applied to various n-alkanes in the range C8 - C16. In all these cases, the model shows that adsorption of reactants is strongly inhibited by product olefins. Addition of small amounts of olefin to the n-hexane feed had no accelerating effect, which does not confirm results of previous studies. 相似文献
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The effects of catalyst acidity and the restricted reaction volume afforded by HZSM-5 on the volatile cracking products derived from poly(styrene) are investigated. Three catalysts: silica/alumina, HZSM-5, and sulfated zirconia, were employed as cracking catalysts. Styrene, which is the principal radical depolymerization product from poly(styrene), is a minor catalytic cracking product. The most abundant volatile product generated by catalytic cracking is benzene. Alkyl benzenes and indanes are also detected in significant yields. Various thermal analysis techniques are employed to obtain volatilization activation energies for polymer-catalyst samples and to elucidate probable reaction pathways. Detected products are explained by reaction mechanisms that begin with protonation of poly(styrene) aromatic rings. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 63: 1287–1298, 1997 相似文献
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Conversion of vegetable oils predominantly composed of triglycerides using pyrolysis type reactions represents a promising option for the production of renewable fuels and chemicals. The purpose of this article was to compare catalytic cracking with thermal cracking on production of gaseous hydrocarbon and gasoline conversion by cottonseed oil, and to discuss the difference on composition of products from catalytic cracking and thermal cracking. Reaction products are heavily dependant on the catalyst type (catalyst activation) and reaction conditions. They can range from dry gas to light distillate, such as dry gas, liquefied petroleum gas and gasoline. When the temperature of catalytic cracking is over 460 °C, the effects of thermal cracking must be considerable. 相似文献
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化工装置中钢在湿硫化氢环境下的腐蚀机理与设备选材(下) 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在化学装置中钢处于湿的硫化氢环境中出现几种不同的腐蚀及发生腐蚀机理,目前常用的几种钢材在湿硫化氢环境下的试验评定方法及用材探讨。 相似文献
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化工装置中钢在湿硫化氢环境下的腐蚀机理与设备选材(上) 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在化学装置中钢处于湿的硫化氢环境中出现几种不同的腐蚀及发生腐蚀机理 ,目前常用的几种钢材在湿硫化氢环境下的试验评定方法及用材探讨 相似文献