基于改进蚁群算法和物联网的消防疏散系统设计

针对大型公共建筑结构复杂、消防疏散困难等问题,以改进蚁群算法为基础构建动态火灾疏散模型,分析火灾 3 个不同阶段并获取最优动态消防疏散路径,并通过数值模拟与其他算法对比,验证有效性;结合物联网技术以 Android 平台为载体设计消防疏散系统移动终端,实时引导用户撤离建筑物并迅速到达安全出口。实验结果表明：所设计的大型公共建筑消防疏散系统能够快速、准确地寻找到最优疏散路径,提高消防疏散效率。     

大型公共建筑消防设计难点分析

结合大型公共建筑,探究消防设计的若干难点和问题具有重要的价值。在分析大型公共建筑消防特征和设计难点的基础上,提出了消防设计建议,包括建筑中庭防火设计、相邻防火分区的疏散出口应用设计、设置准安全区以及防火卷帘门的设计,可为大型公共建筑的消防设计提供可行性建议。     

大型公共建筑消防安全技术研究

大型公共建筑物功能繁多、人流量大、火灾负荷大等情况,都对其消防安全技术提出了严峻考验。文章阐述了大型公共建筑消防安全设计的重要性、消防特点和关键环节,分析了公共建筑消防安全技术存在的主要问题,并提出了相应的解决对策。     

大型公共建筑消防安全技术研究

大型公共建筑物功能繁多、人流量大、火灾负荷大等情况，都对其消防安全技术提出了严峻考验。文章阐述了大型公共建筑消防安全设计的重要性、消防特点和关键环节，分析了公共建筑消防安全技术存在的主要问题，并提出了相应的解决对策。     

BIM技术在建筑消防中的应用分析

随着我国基础设施建设的不断发展,我国的大型公共建筑如雨后春笋拔地而起,然而大型建筑火灾事件时有发生,因此在建筑消防中BIM技术的应用日益受到重视。介绍了BIM技术的概念,分析了BIM技术在建筑消防中的应用优势,最后描述了一种基于BIM技术的建筑消防系统架构。     

大型公共建筑项目消防安全设计管理研究

以厦门国际会展中心四期项目消防安全设计管理为例,从图纸消防审查的设计管理、设计变更消防评估管理、消防设计优化管理以及消防验收设计后评估管理等四方面分析了如何对大型公共建筑项目消防安全设计的管理,阐述了建设单位大型公共建筑消防安全设计管理的必要性和重要性。     

试论大型公建平面布局设计

本文首先介绍了大型公共建筑的概念与现状、大型公共建筑平面布局的内容与原则,并利用图文结合的方式分析了总平流线设计及其平面布局,其次,以大型商业建筑为例,详细说明了大型公共建筑的功能、消防流线及其平面布局,最后在设计好平面布局的前提下对大型公共建筑的平面布局进行调整。     

浅谈大型公共建筑工程的消防监理

消防工程是保证建筑物正常发挥其功能的一项重要安全措施。在大型公共建筑中,消防工程更为重要,因为大型公共建筑功能综合多样、人流密集,对安全性的要求高于普通建筑。分析了大型公共建筑中消防工程的特点,建议在大型公共建筑中将消防工程作为一个分部工程来进行质量控制;并通过事先的消防工程验收策划和施工过程的质量预控,提高消防工程的整体质量,使消防验收的一次通过率得到提高。     

五星级酒店的消防设计

本文谈论了大型公共建筑--五星级酒店项目的消防设计在不同阶段中控制的难点及其目标,对照相应的防火规范要求,结合各功能空间在酒店运营中的功能合理及使用方便的要求,探讨我们如何去把握五星级酒店的消防设计。     

应急产业重点鼓励发展方向(工程机械行业相关)

1、大型公共建筑、高层建筑、森林、水上和地下设施消防灭火救援技术与产品,包括:1)消防灭火救援特种车辆技术与产品,如:消防高压大流量灭火车辆,高层消防供水设备,照明、排烟、特种破拆、隧道与轨道救援车辆,履带式消防车辆相关技术和产品,消防高压大流量灭火车辆等;     

Logic for ensuring the data exchange integrity of building information models

Industry domains require distinct data and structures of building information models developed and tailored for their disciplines. To seamlessly exchange the building information models, Industry Foundation Classes (IFC), which is one of neutral formats, has been broadly used in the architecture, engineering and construction, and facility management industries. Model view definition (MVD), which is one of the IFC sub-schemas used by domain experts and BIM software vendors, consists of IFC-mapped data exchange requirements of each domain and helps software vendors develop IFC import and export features that allow project participants share and exchange BIM model information. Because of the heterogeneous translation processes and structures of IFC interfaces according to model views, their validation is imperative to ensure the integrity of BIM data and maintain a consistent data exchange environment. To accomplish this objective, this paper suggests the new approach to evaluating BIM data in accordance with diverse requirements of MVD. Since MVD entails various types of data exchange specifications, this research study examines their embedded checking rule types and categorizes corresponding implementation scenarios. In addition, this paper involves rule logic and IfcDoc-based BIM data validation developed based on the logical rule compositions of identified rules types and checking scenarios. This approach is expected to support sharing consistent BIM data sets and confirming the quality of received data pertaining to a syntax and semantics of a targeted model view.     

Logic for ensuring the data exchange integrity of building information models

Industry domains require distinct data and structures of building information models developed and tailored for their disciplines. To seamlessly exchange the building information models, Industry Foundation Classes (IFC), which is one of neutral formats, has been broadly used the architecture, engineering and construction, and facility management industries. Model views definitions (MVD), which is one of the IFC sub-schemas used by domain experts and BIM software vendors, consists of IFC-mapped data exchange requirements of each domain and helps software vendors develop IFC import and export features that allow project participants share and exchange BIM information. Because of the heterogeneous translation processes and structures of IFC interfaces according to model views, their validation is imperative to ensure the integrity of BIM data and maintain a consistent data exchange environment. To accomplish this objective, this paper suggests a new approach to evaluating BIM data in accordance with diverse requirements of MVD. Since MVD entails various types of data exchange specifications, this research examines their embedded checking rule types and categorizes corresponding implementation scenarios. In addition, this paper involves rule logic and IfcDoc-based BIM data validation developed based on the logical rule compositions of identified rules types and checking scenarios. This approach is expected to support sharing consistent BIM data sets and confirming the quality of received data pertaining to the syntax and semantics of a targeted model view.     

基于BIM 的建设领域文本信息管理研究

建设项目在其整个生命周期内产生大量的非结构化信息,其中大部分是文本信息,建筑信息模型（BIM）可以支持建设项目全生命周期的信息管理,因此基于BIM 的建设领域文本信息集成管理将大大提高项目管理的效率和质量。介绍了建筑信息模型的概念,实现平台,以及数据交换标准（IFC）,提出了一个系统化的建设领域非结构化文本信息的管理体系框架:以非结构化的文本信息为研究对象,采用文本挖掘的方法,将文本进行结构化处理,用于信息的检索、排序。在此基础上将文本信息按IFC 标准进行分类,并与建筑模型实体相关联,实现文本信息与建筑信息模型的集成。提出的方法可以为提高建设领域文本信息管理能力提供支持。     

基于IFC 的水电设备运行维护管理系统设计及原型实现

IFC 标准为BIM 领域通用的数据标准,若将其与水电工程中的设备运行维护管理工作相结合并开发出可视化的设备运行维护管理系统,能够高度集成设备各维度的信息,并避免因数据的异构性而带来的麻烦。分析了水电设备运行维护过程中的信息,提出基于IFC 的可视化管理模式,阐述了系统开发中的关键技术问题;并在此基础上使用C#语言,借助IFCEngine DLL 和MOGRE 引擎,成功将IFC 数据标准应用于水电设备管理工作中,完成了原型系统的设计和开发,为水电设备运行维护管理提供了一个新的方案。     

Mapping between BIM and 3D GIS in different levels of detail using schema mediation and instance comparison

The Building Information Modeling (BIM) domain and the Geographic Information System (GIS) domain share a mutual need for information from each other. Information from GIS can facilitate BIM applications such as site selection and onsite material layout, while BIM models could help generate detailed models in GIS and achieve better utility management. The mapping between the key schemas in the BIM domain and the GIS domain is the most critical step towards interoperability between the two domains. In this study, Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) and City Geography Markup Language (CityGML) were chosen as the key schemas due to their wide applications in the BIM domain and the GIS domain, respectively. We used an instance-based method to generate the mapping rules between IFC and CityGML based on the inspection of entities representing the same component in the same model. It ensures accurate mapping between the two schemas. The transformation of coordinate systems and geometry are two major issues addressed in the instance-based method. Considering the difference in schema structure and information richness between the two schemas, a reference ontology called Semantic City Model was developed and an instance-based method was adopted. The Semantic City Model captures all the relevant information from BIM models and GIS models during the mapping process. Since CityGML is defined in five levels of detail (LoD), the harmonization among LoDs in CityGML was also developed in order to complete the mapping. The test results show that the developed framework can achieve automatic data mapping between IFC and CityGML in different LoDs. Furthermore, the developed Semantic City Model is extensible and can be the basis for other schema mappings between the BIM domain and the GIS domain.     

Interpretation of structural analytical models from the coordination view in building information models

Structural design/analysis is one of the most needed uses of Building Information Modeling (BIM). Transforming a building information model to an engineering analytical model is tedious and time-consuming. In addition to geometry transformation, extensive modifications and interpretations are required to make the complex transformed model ready for analysis. Despite such a recognized need, Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) has not been developed sufficiently in engineering analysis uses of BIM as much as it is in some other uses such as design coordination and facility management. As a contribution to addressing this void, development of a new mechanism is discussed in this paper for transformation of IFC building information models in the Coordination View to their equivalent structural models in IFC Structural Analysis View. Considering IFC as the input and output file formats of the mechanism significantly increases the level of interoperability in the proposed model interpretation process. This mechanism is designed to automate the required transformation, modification, and additions operations during such information exchanges. To illustrate feasibility of its implementation, a tool is introduced to automate the developed Interpreted Information Exchange (IIE) mechanism, and its application through a case study serves as validation of the mechanism. The designed IIE mechanism can be extended to automate additional structural modeling tasks. The IIE concept is also applicable to other uses of BIM, especially engineering analysis uses, in order to automate creation of analytical modeling from building information models.     

基于BIM和GIS的数据集成在水利工程中的应用框架

为促进BIM技术在水利工程的应用,解决BIM和GIS集成的数据转换问题,基于对BIM的数据特征、IFC格式数据的结构层次、GIS系统的City GML数据格式以及City GML中语义信息和几何信息的细节层次结构进行详细分析的基础上,总结了BIM和GIS集成时IFC和City GML数据转换中存在的几个障碍。基于此,提出了可以实现BIM和GIS集成的IFC和City GML数据转换框架。并探讨了BIM和GIS集成系统在水利工程全生命周期中的应用和前景,为水利工程各个阶段应用BIM和GIS集成系统提供有利的参考建议。     

IFC4 流程实体在 4D 施工信息模型创建中的应用

针对传统 4D 施工信息模型在应用过程中难以实现耦合进度信息的完整数据交互,引入 BIM 领域最新的国际标准（IFC4 标准）,对 4D-BIM 模型中的进度信息与三维模型信息进行标准化统一描述,并以 Microsoft Visual Studio 2015 为开发平台,采用开源的 xBIM Toolkit 工具包,开发基于 IFC4 的 4D-BIM 施工信息模型创建系统,在进度计划编制过程中完成具体作业与构件间的关联,以提高 4D-BIM 模型创建人员的效率,由此形成的标准化 4D 施工信息模型,不仅增加了 IFC 标准在进度管理领域的应用深度,又可为实现 4D-BIM 在不同软件间的无损数据传递提供新的思路。     

面向BIM消防智能审查的规范语义模型研究

消防审查是建筑工程项目设计审查的重要组成部分。随着BIM技术在建筑工程领域的应用,基于BIM模型实现消防智能审查的需求非常迫切,如何让计算机准确理解规范条文知识,已成为实现消防智能审查的核心问题,也是现阶段行业研究的热点。提出了面向BIM消防智能审查的规范语义模型构建方法,基于IFC标准进行知识本体构建,并以此为条文结构化对象,通过逻辑表达式建立规范语义模型,实现消防规范条文的快速结构化表达,从而达到面向BIM模型的消防智能审查的目的。通过实例验证了该方法的可行性。     

基于BIM 的项目文本信息集成方法研究

建筑领域文本信息管理难度大、利用效率低,基于建筑信息模型（BIM）的文本信息集成管理可极大地提高建设项目管理的效率。在介绍BIM 的概念和数据交换标准（IFC）的基础上,提出了基于BIM 的中文文本信息集成方法:基于向量空间模型进行建筑文本分类;利用Revit API 提取模型对象的属性信息并生成查询向量,通过计算其与文本向量的相似度,检索出与模型对象相关的文本文档;利用IFC 提供的外部资源引用将文本关联到BIM 模型,实现文本信息与项目模型的集成。运用该方法从Revit 模型中提取了楼板属性信息并在楼板与文本间建立了关联关系,验证了该方法的可行性。该方法可为基于BIM 的建筑文档集成管理系统的开发提供支持。