共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 156 毫秒
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文章介绍了核电厂主控室可居留系统的优化设计,阐述了以往核电厂主控室在可居留方面的设计缺陷,通过优化改进,确保了主控室应急区域环境的条件满足人员一定期限的驻留要求,保证主控人员顺利采取事故干预措施,将事故损失及对环境的放射性污染降到最低。 相似文献
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《核电子学与探测技术》2017,(11)
在分析主控室联锁系统功能需求的基础上,提出了核电厂控制模式联锁切换方案。根据所提方案,给出了KIC/BUP和MCR/RSS切换的硬件和软件设计实现,并对联锁系统主要性能进行分析和比较。分析得出,本文提出的联锁切换方案能够很好地实现核电厂主控室联锁系统的功能。 相似文献
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主控室由于火灾等因素可能失去控制或丧失可居留性,导致运行人员撤离主控室至远程停堆站进行核电厂指挥和控制的场景。对运行人员主控室撤离场景的定量化是火灾概率安全分析的重要内容和技术难点,但国内核电工程项目一般采用保守或专家判断的方法进行定量化,未进行详细研究。论文基于NUREG-1921及其增补版导则,结合国内核电厂实际情况,对主控室撤离场景三个阶段情景及其定量化方法进行了研究。以国内某核电厂主控室撤离场景为例,开展了人员访谈和定量化分析。案例表明该核电厂针对主控室不可控的撤离没有明确规定,导致其人误概率较大,尽管该情景条件概率较低,但后果严重,建议核电厂增加相应程序。本研究为国内核电工程项目开展主控室撤离场景的定量化提供参考。 相似文献
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通过将先进的核电厂主控室与常规主控室进行比较,说明了先进的核电厂主控室一些新的技术特点。为适应这些技术特点,在审评过程中就需要考虑新的技术要求,对此进行了原则性的总结和探讨。 相似文献
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核电厂事故期间,为使主控室工作人员能够坚守岗位缓解事故后果,必须保证主控室的可居留性。放射性水平作为主控室可居留性的重要考虑因素,主控室人员接受的剂量必须满足相关标准导则的要求。本文以弹棒事故为参考工况,对事故情况下主控室的剂量特征进行了分析,给出了不同通风模式下的剂量结果,不同释放途径和不同核素组对剂量的贡献,以及剂量随时间的变化情况。针对CAP1000主控室非能动应急可居留系统设计,对该系统关键参数对剂量影响的敏感性进行了分析。研究结果为进一步深化事故后主控室剂量分析和可居留性优化改进提供了支持。 相似文献
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The global concerns about safety in the digital technology of the main control room (MCR) are growing as domestic and foreign nuclear power plants are developed with computerized control facilities and human–system interfaces. In a narrow space, the digital technology contributes to a control room environment, which can facilitate the acquisition of all the information needed for operation. Thus, although an individual performance of the advanced MCR can be further improved; there is a limit in expecting an improvement in team performance. The team performance depends on organic coherence as a whole team rather than on the knowledge and skill of an individual operator. Moreover, a good team performance improves communication between and within teams in an efficient manner, and then it can be conducive to addressing unsafe conditions. Respecting this, it is important and necessary to develop methodological technology for the evaluation of operators’ teamwork or collaboration, thus enhancing operational performance in nuclear power plant at the MCR. 相似文献
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讨论了数字化技术引入核电站控制室后,控制室人机界面管理任务对控制室运行人员和核电站安全产生的不良影响,以及在设计中如何考虑并减轻其不良影响。 相似文献
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Yochan Kim Jaewhan Kim Seung-cheol Jang Wondea Jung 《Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology》2013,50(10):988-998
With the development of computer-based control rooms including a computer-based procedure (CBP), shift supervisors (SSs) can directly access plant information through a CBP or personal displays instead of depending on other board operators (BOs) to obtain plant information. In relation to this change, we examined the characteristics of SS inquiry patterns in the computer-based control rooms of nuclear power plants during emergency situations. Operator behaviors and speech patterns were observed and analyzed through several experiments on simulated accident scenarios in a full-scope simulator for an advanced computer-based main control room. We found that the SS inquiry in the advanced control room had less dependency on the BOs, and that the inquiry patterns varied according to the operators and operating dates. From these findings, the necessity to establish communication standards under computer-based control rooms was discussed with some recommendations. Another requirement to reduce the cognitive workload of SSs was also discussed. 相似文献