纳米Sn粒子的制备及其作润滑油添加剂的摩擦学性能研究

用化学还原法制备了表面经油酸修饰的纳米Sn粒子,并在透射电镜(TEM)下观测到所制备的纳米Sn粒子呈球形、平均粒径为20 nm。在MSR-10D四球摩擦磨损试验机上考察了纳米Sn粒子作为CF-4 15W/40润滑油添加剂的摩擦学性能,并在扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和能谱分析仪(EDS)上对钢球磨斑表面进行了形貌观测和表层成分分析。试验结果表明,纳米Sn粒子作为润滑油添加剂具有一定的减摩性能和较好的抗磨性能,当所添加的体积分数仅为0.1%时,添加纳米Sn粒子润滑油的摩擦力比基础油降低了16.64%,其磨斑直径比基础油减小了38.4%。分析认为,纳米Sn粒子通过隔离摩擦表面而改善了润滑油的减摩抗磨性能。     

添加油酸修饰的纳米Fe3 O4粒子润滑油的摩擦学性能研究

利用化学共沉淀法制备了平均粒径为10nm、油酸表面修饰的Fe3O4粒子，并对其作为润滑油添加剂的摩擦学性能进行了研究。试验结果表明，添加油酸修饰的纳米Fe3O4粒子的润滑油表现出了较好的抗磨减摩性能，但是，纳米粒子的添加量有一最佳值。与基础油相比，添加纳米Fe3O4粒子润滑油的摩擦因数最大降低了26％，磨损量降低了28％。在摩擦磨损过程中，添加纳米Fe3O4粒子润滑油的摩擦力矩的变化表现出了时间效应。添加纳米Fe3O4粒子润滑油摩擦磨损后的磨痕表面比基础油摩擦磨损后的磨痕表面光滑，可以推测，纳米Fe3O4粒子对摩擦表面的抛光作用提高了润滑油的摩擦学性能。     

微波辅助液相还原法制备针状纳米镍及其摩擦学性能研究

采用液相化学还原法,在水体系中,以醋酸镍为前驱体,水合肼为还原剂,氢氧化钠为pH值调节剂,引入微波辐照,加入适量自制表面活性剂为修饰剂,合成了长85～95nm、直径为3～6nm的针形纳米镍。通过X-射线衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和热重-差热分析(TG-DSC)对纳米镍进行了表征。将所制备的纳米镍添加到成品润滑油15W/40SF汽油机油中,考察了添加前后润滑油的摩擦学性能。结果表明:添加纳米镍后较大程度地降低了成品润滑油的摩擦因数,显著改善了成品润滑油的摩擦学性能;添加量的增加对润滑油摩擦性能的改善略有提高,但提高不大。     

纳米ZnS粒子作为润滑油添加剂摩擦学性能研究

采用均匀沉淀法制备了硬脂酸修饰的纳米ZnS粒子,用四球摩擦磨损试验机考察了其作为润滑油添加剂的摩擦学性能,并用扫描电子显微镜和X射线光电子能谱仪对磨斑进行了表面分析.结果表明:在一定添加量范围内,硬脂酸修饰的纳米ZnS粒子可明显改善基础油的摩擦学性能;在摩擦过程中,纳米ZnS粒子在摩擦表面的沉积和通过摩擦化学反应生成的化学反应膜,显著提高了基础油的抗磨减摩性能.     

蒙脱石和坡缕石纳米润滑油添加剂的摩擦学性能

将KH550偶联剂修饰的纳米蒙脱石和纳米坡缕石,分别按质量比3%添加到150N基础油中制备2种纳米润滑油分散体系,用激光粒度分析仪、TEM、IR表征纳米添加剂的分散稳定性,在MMU-10G摩擦磨损试验机上测试2种纳米润滑油对45#钢的减摩抗磨性能,用SEM和EDX等分析摩擦试样表面成分与形貌的变化及影响摩擦学性能的机制。结果表明:纳米蒙脱石平均粒径较小,在150N基础油中分散更稳定;2种纳米润滑油相比纯基础油润滑时的平均摩擦因数和磨损量均明显下降,其中纳米蒙脱石润滑油的抗磨减摩性能最好;2种纳米润滑油润滑时摩擦试样表面分别生成了含蒙脱石和坡缕石特征元素的自修复膜层,其中蒙脱石特征元素含量相对较高,说明纳米蒙脱石摩擦学性能更好。     

纳米TiO2添加剂对低黏度润滑油成膜性能的影响

为改善低黏度润滑油的摩擦磨损性能和成膜性能,选用纳米TiO₂为添加剂,低黏度的聚α烯烃（PAO8、PAO10）和聚醚（PAG）作为基础油,在四球式摩擦磨损实验机上考察纳米TiO₂添加剂对润滑油摩擦磨损性能的影响,利用点接触光弹流润滑试验台,研究不同速度、载荷下和纳米TiO₂添加量对润滑油成膜性能的影响。结果表明:加入一定质量分数的纳米TiO₂添加剂能够明显提高润滑油的抗磨减摩性能,在PAO8、PAG和PAO10基础油中分别加入质量分数0. 3%、0. 05%和0. 3%的纳米TiO₂时,摩擦因数和磨斑直径均最小;综合比较摩擦因数和磨斑直径,纳米TiO₂在PAO8基础油中表现出最好的抗磨减摩性能,摩擦因数减小了约54. 5%,磨斑直径降低了约10. 4%;随着卷吸速度的增加,润滑油的最小膜厚也逐渐增加,在相同卷吸速度下,与纯基础油相比,添加一定质量分数纳米TiO₂添加剂的最小膜厚明显增加;随着纳米TiO₂粒子添加量...     

碳黑对MoS2纳米润滑油的摩擦磨损性能影响

以PAO6润滑油为基础油,MoS2为纳米添加剂,制备质量分数为0.02％的纳米润滑油.通过自主研制的缸套-活塞环摩擦实验台,对添加不同浓度碳黑颗粒的MoS2纳米添纳米润滑油的摩擦学性能进行研究;通过电子扫描显微镜(SEM)对缸套表面磨痕进行观察.结果表明,低浓度的碳黑(0.01wt％和0.1wt％)可以进一步改善纳米润滑油的摩擦系数(降低7.7％和1.5％);任何浓度的碳黑都会导致纳米润滑油的抗磨性能恶化,甚至比未添加任何纳米颗粒的基础油的磨损量高约5～7倍;缸套的磨痕分析表明,碳黑通过破坏MoS2纳米润滑油在摩擦副表面形成抗磨损膜的稳定性,加剧零件磨损.     

油溶性CuO纳米颗粒的抗磨性能研究

利用四球摩擦磨损实验机考察了油酸铜修饰CuO纳米颗粒作为润滑油添加剂的抗磨性能,并用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和X-射线光电子能谱（XPS）等对钢球磨损表面进行了分析。摩擦磨损试验结果表明,当添加质量分数仅为0.025%时,油酸铜修饰CuO纳米颗粒作为润滑油添加剂即能够明显提高基础油的抗磨能力。SEM及XPS分析结果表明,油酸铜修饰CuO纳米颗粒作为润滑油添加剂在摩擦过程中形成了一层富含Cu2O和Fe2O3的化学反应膜,正是这层膜的存在使得其表现出良好的抗磨性能。     

球磨-固相烧结合成WS_2六方纳米片及其摩擦学性能

以硫粉和钨粉为原料,通过球磨-固相烧结的方法合成WS2六方纳米片,采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和透射电镜(TEM)对产物的物相、形貌和微观结构进行了表征,根据试验结果提出了其可能的生长机理,并通过摩擦试验对其摩擦磨损性能进行评价。结果表明:制备WS2六方纳米片的最佳工艺条件为700℃保温1h,在该条件下合成的WS2纳米片厚度均匀,约为100nm,直径在1~2μm;在基础油中添加了WS2六方纳米片后,摩擦因数降低,有效改善了基础油的摩擦学性能。     

纳米WS2和TiN对GCr15钢摩擦磨损性能的影响

以纳米WS_2和TiN为添加剂,研究不同纳米材料及含量对基础油500SN减摩抗磨性能的影响。试验结果显示,在添加纳米材料后,润滑油的减摩抗磨性能有了明显提升,磨损类型也发生了明显的改变,其中在添加纳米TiN后的磨损类型由磨粒磨损变为黏着磨损,在添加纳米WS_2变为黏着磨损与磨粒磨损共存;随着纳米粒子质量分数的增加,润滑油的减摩抗磨特性先提升后下降,其中0.3%质量分数的纳米TiN的减摩抗磨效果最好,相比基础油,可以使摩擦因数下降5%～8%,磨斑直径下降26%～32%。     

硅烷偶联剂修饰纳米ZrO2润滑油添加剂的摩擦学性能研究

以氧氯化锆为原料制备纳米ZrO2并对其结构进行了表征;用硅烷偶联剂对其表面进行表面改性处理,使其具有良好的亲油性;用摩擦磨损试验机测定了所制备的纳米ZrO2作为20#机械油添加剂的摩擦磨损性能。结果表明所制备的ZrO2为粒径为10nm左右的球形颗粒,具有无定形晶体结构;纳米ZrO2作为添加剂可以显著提高20#机械油的抗磨减摩性能,当纳米ZrO2的添加量为0.1%(质量分数)时相应的磨斑直径最小、摩擦因数最低、磨损量最少。     

Friction and Wear Properties of IF–MoS2 as Additive in Paraffin Oil

Inorganic fullerene-like (IF) MoS₂ nanoparticles with diameters ranging from 70 to 120 nm were synthesized by desulphurizing the MoS₃ precursor and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Tribological properties of the IF–MoS₂, as lubricating oil additive, were evaluated using a MMW-1 four-ball tribotester. The wear scar was examined with an optical microscope and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The wear resistance of the paraffin oil was improved and the friction coefficient of the oil was decreased by addition of the IF–MoS₂ nanoparticles. The mechanism of friction and wear of the IF–MoS₂ nanoparticles was discussed.     

Tribological properties of molybdenum disulfide nanosheets by monolayer restacking process as additive in liquid paraffin

Molybdenum disulfide nanosheets were prepared by monolayer restacking process. Results of transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the obtained MoS₂ nanosheets had a thickness about 30-70 nm. The tribological properties of the so-prepared MoS₂ nanosheets were investigated on a MQ-800 four-ball tribometer. The results showed the base oil with MoS₂ nanosheets had better friction reduction, wear resistance and extreme pressure than those with commercial micro-MoS₂. The good tribological properties of MoS₂ nanosheets were mainly ascribed to the surface effect and the dimension effect of nanoparticles. Moreover, the formation of MoO₃ and FeSO₄ complex film on the rubbed surface also played an important role in friction reduction and wear resistance.     

An investigation on tribological properties of graphite nanosheets as oil additive

Graphite nanosheets with average diameter of 500 nm and thickness about 15 nm were prepared by stirring ball milling. The tribological behavior of the graphite nanosheets as additive in paraffin oil were investigated with a four-ball and a pin-on-disk friction and wear tester. The wear surfaces of the steel ball lubricated with the additive-containing paraffin oil were analyzed by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It has been found that the graphite nanosheets as additive in oil at proper concentration show better tribological properties than pure paraffin oil. The load-carrying capacity and antiwear ability of the lubricating oil were improved. Moreover, the friction coefficient of the lubricating oil was decreased by the addition of the graphite nanosheets. The optimal concentration of the additive in paraffin oil is about 1.0 × 10⁻² wt.%.     

Tribological Behavior of Deagglomerated Active Inorganic Nanoparticles for Advanced Lubrication

The tribological behavior of novel, deagglomerated, and active molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) nanoparticles as additives in paraffin oil is presented. In a novel approach, the MoS₂ nanoparticles were activated by their intercalation with organic molecules, particularly triglycerides (canola oil) and lecithin (source of phosphorus). A four-ball tribological test setup was used to measure the wear scar diameter, the coefficient of friction, and the extreme pressure properties of such formulated paraffin oils. The results showed significant influence of this uniquely designed MoS₂ nanostructured additive on the coefficient of friction (0.07), the wear scar diameter, and the extreme pressure (315 kg) properties of the paraffin oil. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were also used for investigating size, the surface morphology, and the elemental composition of the nanoengineered lubricant. The characterization revealed a particle size less than 100 nm and the elemental composition analysis of the wear track showed the presence of Mo, S, and P in the tribofilm, explaining the observed improvements in the tribological properties.     

硬脂酸修饰PbO、Zn(OH)2纳米粒子的摩擦学性能研究

制备了硬脂酸修饰的PbO、Zn(OH)2纳米微粒,考察了其在45#变压器油中的摩擦学行为,并用SEM扫描电子显微镜、Perkin-E lmer 7型热分析仪、SHIMADZU FTIR-8900型红外光谱仪等进行表面分析。结果表明所得PbO、Zn(OH)2粒径约为30 nm,并且表面修饰剂与纳米粒子之间发生了化学反应,从而增加了粒子在基础油中的稳定性和分散性;摩擦试验表明,较低载荷下,添加的纳米微粒对油品的抗磨性能有负面影响,随着载荷的不断增加,纳米微粒的抗磨性能逐渐显现出来。     

Dispersion Stability and Tribological Characteristics of TiO2/SiO2 Nanocomposite-Enriched Biobased Lubricant

The stable dispersion of nano-additives is highly desirable for the effective lubrication performance of nanolubricants. The compatibility of base oil with selected nano-additives is required for uniform and stable dispersion. This research evaluated the dispersion stability and tribological characteristics of nano-TiO₂/SiO₂ (average particle size 50 nm) as an additive in a biobased lubricant. The wear protection and friction reducing characteristics of the formulations were evaluated by four-ball extreme pressure tests and piston ring–cylinder liner sliding tests. Surface analysis tools, including scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy, were used to characterize the worn surfaces. Results showed that the nanolubricants demonstrated appreciable dispersion capability in the absence of a surfactant and an improvement in load-carrying capacity, antiwear behavior, and friction reduction capability.     

MS2(M=Nb,Ta)纳米管(束)的合成与摩擦学性能初探

利用固相反应方法合成了具有无机类纳米管状结构的NbS2和TaS2纳米管束,并利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)等研究其表面形貌、微观结构和物相组成;利用摩擦学实验机(MS-T3000)初步研究了其摩擦学性能。结果显示所生成的NbS2和TaS2纳米管束,直径约100 nm,长约10μm。作为润滑油添加剂,在室温大气下摩擦时含NbS2和TaS2的润滑油抗磨性能明显高于无添加剂的普通润滑油,且含有TaS2的润滑油综合摩擦性能优于含NbS2的润滑油。     

纳微结构Cu/氧化石墨烯的制备及摩擦学性能研究

以Cu SO4与氧化石墨烯为原料利用原位还原技术制得纳微米结构铜/氧化石墨烯复合微粒。利用透射电镜(TEM)、场发射扫描电镜(FESEM)和X射线衍射(XRD)对Cu/氧化石墨烯复合微粒进行表征。将复合微粒修饰并添加到液体石蜡中,利用四球摩擦磨损试验机考察其摩擦学性能。结果表明,利用原位还原技术制备的纳微米结构的Cu/氧化石墨烯复合微粒中铜的粒径在100 nm之内;在392 N、1 450 r/min、30 min实验条件下,质量分数2.0%的复合微粒可使液体石蜡的摩擦因数下降33%,质量分数0.5%的复合微粒可使钢球磨斑直径下降25%。