Ni-Al系金属间化合物超塑性的研究进展

在一定组织形态和外界条件下,单相或多相的镍铝金属间化合物及其合金表现出超塑性变形行为,其中多相挤压态NiAl合金及单相NisAl合金的超塑性变形机制是晶界滑移(动态回复和再结晶协调变形);单相NiAl的超塑性变形则来自于变形过程中发生动态回复和再结晶;而定向凝固多相NiAl合金的超塑性则是在拉伸过程中动态再结晶与应变硬化平衡的结果.超塑性变形机制多样性源于镍铝金属间化合物晶体结构独特的物理性质.     

NiAl合金的超塑性行为及其变形机制

研究了等原子比NiAl合金的NiAl-25Cr,NiAl-20.4Fe-Y,Ce,NiAl-30Fe-Y合金的超塑性行为及其变形机制,结果表明,几种合金在一定条件下均表现出超塑性行为,单相NiAl超塑性变形源于变形过程中所发生的动态回夏及再结晶,两相及多相NiAl合金的超塑性变形机制则是晶粒的转动和界面的滑动。     

金属间化合物的组织超塑性行为

综述了金属间化合物的组织超塑性行为的最新进展状况,介绍了镍基（Ni3Al,Ni3Si,NiAl）、钛基（TiAl,Ti3Al）、铁基（Fe3Al,F3Al和Fe3Si）和钴基（Co3Ti）金属间化合物的粗晶和细晶组织的超塑性行为（CSS and FSS）,着重于微观组织的分析以及变形机制的阐述,讨论了动态再结晶（DRX）在超塑性变形中的作用;传统的动态再结晶（DRX）是细晶结构金属间化合物超塑性变形的一种有效的协调机制。而连续的动态再结晶（CRX）是粗晶结构金属间化合物超塑性变形的主要机制。还展望了金属间化合物超塑性的研究方向。     

8090 Al-Li合金超塑变形的多重机制

本文研究了8090Al-Li 合金的超塑性变形中的微观组织结构及变形机制。电镜观察表明在8090Al-Li 合金的最佳超塑性变形条件下(T=500℃,(?)_1=3.33×10~(-3)s~(-1)),动态回复和动态再结晶是该合金超塑性变形的多重机制之一,起到了细化晶粒、释放三角晶界处应力集中和消除晶界滑动的障碍的作用。     

DD6单高温合金热处理过程中的再结晶组织演化

研究DD6单晶高温合金塑性变形后热处理过程中的组织演化.结果表明,1500kg加载后,在铸态γ’相溶解温度以下预处理没有再结晶现象,预处理后再进行固溶处理发生明显的再结晶;γ’相溶解温度以上预处理发生明显的再结晶,再结晶晶界细小,晶界由粗大γ’相组成.与固溶态相比,时效处理后的再结晶深度变化不大,时效过程中,晶界由固溶...     

对Mg—5Zn—0.6Zr合金超塑性协调变形机制的讨论

本文利用透射电镜观察Mg—5Zn—0.6Zr舍金的薄膜发现,经超塑性变形后,在晶界附近有明显的位错滑移和孪生产生,在个别晶界上有晶界迁移现象,在大部分晶粒内部发生动态再结晶。作者认为,位错滑移是晶界滑动的主要协调机制。孪生是位错滑移协调的辅助机制。晶界迁移可间接起到协调变形的作用。晶界迁移与晶界滑动配合有助于保持变形中晶粒间的连续性。动态再结晶是超塑性变形中的伴生现象。     

微量磷(P)对等原子比NiAl的微观组织与力学性能的影响

研究了微量P对挤压态等原子比NiAl的微观组织与高温力学性能的影响.结果表明:微量P的添加对NiAl的晶格常数有一定的影响,P偏聚于NiAl晶界处;并对其高温延伸率有重要影响.P偏聚于晶界阻碍了合金变形过程中的动态回复和再结晶,加剧了晶界处孔洞的形成,造成了NiAl-P合金与二元NiAl合金高温力学性能的显著差异,主要表现在:应力-应变曲线经历了较长的加工硬化阶段;最大延伸率明显下降;变形激活能升高,应变速率敏感指数下降.NiAl-P合金的高温变形机制为变形过程中位错的滑移与攀移共同作用.     

超塑性形变中的晶界形变化及再结晶的作用

为了研究晶界形态及动态再结晶在超塑性形变中的作用，采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜，透射电镜，对硬铝ＬＹ１２的超塑性形过程进行了观察，分析，提出金属材料的超塑性主要依靠晶界流态化区的粘性变形来实现，动态再结晶不是超塑性的一种机制。     

超高强度钢奥氏体相变再结晶的形核机制

运用高温金相和ＴＥＭ方法，对超高强度钢３００Ｍ的奥氏体相变再结晶过程和新晶界进行了定位观察。实验结果表明：在高温金相下，奥氏体相变再结晶晶界横穿过板条组织，而在ＴＥＭ下为高密度位错缠结条带。据试验结果，提出了奥氏体相变再结晶位错形核机制。     

高碳钢中珠光体在温楔横轧过程中的组织演变

采用温楔横轧方法制备出表层具有超微细复相组织的高碳珠光体钢棒件,研究了珠光体组织在温变形过程中的演变.结果表明,珠光体组织中的渗碳体片层主要以弯曲扭折的形式协调塑性变形,表现出较强的塑性变形能力;剧烈塑性变形促进了渗碳体片层的球化,表层球化完全的渗碳体颗粒粒径均小于0.2μm;温楔横轧后铁素体基体发生了动态连续再结晶,等轴铁素体平均晶粒尺寸为0.3～0.4 μm,0.5R处和心部的渗碳体球化不完全,铁素体再结晶也不完全;铁素体晶粒的超细化和渗碳体片层的球化明显改善高碳珠光体钢棒件的塑性,温变形过程中应变、应变速率及温度分布的不均匀是引起组织性能差异的根本原因.     

The phosphorus effect on the superplastic deformation of NiAl

The P effect on the superplastic deformation of NiAl has been investigated. It is shown that P segregates to grain boundaries and the segregation has profound influence on the high temperature tensile properties of the NiAl alloy. The segregation retards dynamic recovery and recrystallization that leads to a decrease in elongation and enhancement in cavitation compared with the stoichiometric NiAl. Therefore, the P has harmful effect on the superplastic deformation of NiAl.     

Microstructure and Elevated Temperature Tensile Behavior of Directionally Solidified Ni-rich NiAl-Mo(Hf) Alloy

The microstructure, high strain rate superplasticity and tensile creep behavior of directionally solidified (DS) NiAl-Mo(Hf) alloy have been investigated. The alloy exhibits dendritic structure, where dendritic arm is NiAl phase, interdendritic region is Ni3Al phase, and Mo-rich phase distributes in the NiAl and Ni3Al phases. The alloy exhibits high strain rate superplastic deformation behavior, and the maximum elongation is 104.2% at 1373 K and strain rate of 1.04×10-2 s-1. The balance between strain hardening (by dislocation glide) and strain softening (by dynamic recovery and recrystallization) is responsible for the superplastic deformation. All the creep curves of the DS NiAl-Mo(Hf) alloy have similar shape of a short primary creep and dominant steady creep stages, and the creep strain is great. The possible creep deformation mechanism was also discussed. The creep fracture data follow the Monkman-Grant relationship.     

Investigation of Subboundaries Evolution in Superplastically Deformed NiAl by Positron Lifetime

In order to study the subboundaries evolution in superplastically deformed NiAl,the positron lifetime change during superplastic deformation process was measured.It is shown that the superplastic deformation of NiAl has not influence on its τ2,the newly recrystallized grain boundaries formed during entire superplastic deformation process belong to the calegory of subboundaries and have not contribution to the superplastic strain.     

Low-temperature superplasticity of β-stabilized Ti-43Al-9V-Y alloy sheet with bimodal γ-grain-size distribution

The superplasticity of Ti-43Al-9V-0.2Y alloy sheet hot-rolled at 1100 ℃ was systematically investigated in the temperature range of 750-900 ℃ under an initial strain rate of 10-4 s-1.A bimodal γ grain-distribution microstructure of TiA1 alloy sheet,with abundant nano-scale or sub-micron γ laths embed-ded inside β matrix,exhibits an impressive superplastic behaviour.This inhomogeneous microstructure shows low-temperature superplasticity with a strain-rate sensitivity exponent of m =0.27 at 800 ℃,which is the lowest temperature of superplastic deformation for TiAl alloys attained so far.The maximum elongation reaches ～360％ at 900 ℃ with an initial strain rate of 2.0 × 10-4 s-1.To elucidate the softening mechanism of the disordered β phase during superplastic deformation,the changes of phase composi-tion were investigated up to 1000 ℃ using in situ high-temperature X-ray diffraction (XRD) in this study.The results indicate that β phase does not undergo the transformation from an ordered L20 structure to a disordered A2 structure and cannot coordinate superplastic deformation as a lubricant.Based on the microstructural evolution and occurrence of both y and β dynamic recrystallization (DR) after tensile tests as characterized with electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD),the superplastic deformation mecha-nism can be explained by the combination of DR and grain boundary slipping (GBS).In the early stage of superplastic deformation,DR is an important coordination mechanism as associated with the reduced cavitation and dislocation density with increasing tensile temperature.Sufficient DR can relieve stress concentration arising from dislocation piling-up at grain boundaries through the fragmentation from the original coarse structures into the fine equiaxed ones due to recrystallization,which further effectively suppresses apparent grain growth during superplastic deformation.At the late stage of superplastic de-formation,these equiaxed grains make GBS prevalent,which can effectively avoid intergranular cracking and is conducive to the further improvement in elongation.This study advances the understanding of the superplastic deformation mechanism of intermetallic TiAl alloy.     

脉中电流对2091铝锂合金动态再结晶动力学的影响

研究了脉冲电流对2091铝锂合金超塑变形中动态再结晶及动力学的影响结果表明,脉冲电流加速动态再结晶,减小形核时的平均晶粒直径.脉冲电流能加快位错墙的形成并使其角度增大,使再结晶形核率提高.脉冲电流加快位错在晶界上的攀移及消失、减小形核界面两边的能量差,降低形核界面的迁移速率及再结晶形核的长大速率分析了脉冲电流作用下的动态再结晶动力学行为     

脉冲电流对2091铝锂合金动态再结晶动力学的影响

研究了脉冲电流对2091铝锂合金超塑变形中动态再结晶及动力学的影响,结果表明,脉冲电流加速动态再结晶,减少形核时的平均晶粒,脉冲电流能加快位错墙的形成并使其角度增大,使再结晶形核率提高,脉冲电流加快位错在晶界上的攀移及消失,减少形核界面两边的能量差,降低形核界面的迁移速率及再结晶形核的长大速率,分析了脉冲电流作用下的动态再结晶动力学行为。     

Influence of an external electric field on the microstructure of superplastically deformed 7475 Al

An externally applied electric field retarded strain-enhanced grain growth and promoted dynamic recrystallization during superplastic deformation of 7475 Al. Also, a more extensive dispersoid-free zone was observed in specimens deformed in the electric field, suggesting that the electric field increased the contribution of diffusion creep to superplastic deformation. The electric field promoted the coarsening of dispersoids, especially in the vicinity of the grain boundaries. Possible mechanisms for the observed effects are discussed.