大气等离子喷涂TiB2-TiC-Co涂层的组织与性能

利用Co-Ti-B4C自蔓延体系合成TiB2-TiC-Co复合陶瓷粉末，并结合大气等离子喷涂技术在Q235 钢基体表面制备TiB2-TiC-Co陶瓷涂层，研究了自蔓延产物和涂层的相组成、显微组织，以及涂层的结合强度和抗磨损性能。结果表明：Co-Ti-B4C体系自蔓延产物的物相中，除了少量剩余的NaCl添加剂衍射峰外，主要由TiB2和TiC陶瓷相的强衍射峰组成；产物断面中，两相陶瓷颗粒细小。随Co含量增加，TiB2-TiC-Co涂层表面盘状组织增多，表面逐渐平滑，截面涂层厚度均匀，组织致密性逐渐增加；结合强度和耐滑动磨损性能呈先升高后降低的变化趋势。Co含量为10wt.%时，涂层的结合强度和耐滑动磨损性能最好，涂层的滑动磨损机制主要为粘着磨损和层状剥落磨损。     

钛合金表面氩弧熔覆TiC增强复合涂层组织与性能分析

把石墨粉末预涂在钛合金表面上,利用氩弧熔覆技术成功制备出原位自生TiC增强的金属基复合涂层。利用扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪和能谱仪分析了熔覆涂层的显微组织,探讨了增强相TiC的生成机制;利用显微硬度仪测试了复合涂层的显微硬度并用磨损试验机考察了其在室温干滑动磨损条件下的耐磨性能。结果表明,氩弧熔覆涂层组织均匀致密,原位自生TiC呈树枝晶和细碎的条状均匀地分布于整个涂层中;由TiC增强的复合涂层明显地改善了钛合金的表面硬度．平均硬度约为700HV0．2且沿层深方向呈梯度分布;涂层在室温干滑动磨损条件下的耐磨性明显优于基体,约为钛合金的10．5倍．     

TA2合金激光熔 α-Ti/TiC+(Ti,W)C1-x/Ti2SC+TiS自润滑耐磨复合涂层

目的提高TA2钛合金的耐磨减摩性能,并研究添加WS_2对激光熔覆Ti/TiC耐磨复合涂层的影响。方法以Ti+TiC和Ti+TiC+WS_2两种复合粉末为预置原料,采用激光熔覆技术在TA2合金表面制备出两类复合涂层,并采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)、硬度计和摩擦磨损试验机,系统地分析了添加WS_2前后涂层的物相、组织、显微硬度及摩擦学性能。结果 Ti+TiC复合粉末的激光熔覆涂层的主要物相包含α-Ti和TiC,涂层的显微硬度为1162HV0.5。WS_2添加后,涂层中生成了新增强相(Ti,W)C_(1-x)及自润滑相Ti2SC和少量的TiS,涂层的显微硬度为1052.3HV0.5,约为TA2基体(180HV0.5)的5倍;此外,涂层的磨损率由未添加WS_2时的5.38×10~(-5) mm~3/(N·m)上升到15.98×10-5 mm~3/(N·m),耐磨性能有所下降但仍远低于基体(磨损率为66.63×10~(-5)mm~3/(N·m)),同时摩擦系数显著下降,由之前的0.49下降到0.34;同时,Si_3N_4对磨球磨损表面光滑,没有明显塑性变形,其磨损机理为轻微的塑性变形和粘着磨损。结论添加WS_2的复合涂层相对于基体依然具有良好的耐磨性能,同时由于新生的自润滑相Ti_2SC、TiS的润滑效果,涂层表现出良好的自润滑耐磨性能。     

TC4钛合金表面激光熔覆掺Y2O3复合涂层的显微组织和性能

目的提高钛合金表面的耐磨性能。方法在TiB_2:TiC=1:3的粉末配比下,添加不同质量分数Y_2O_3稀土氧化物,制备成膏状混合粉末。采用5 k W横流CO_2激光器,在TC4钛合金表面激光熔覆掺Y_2O_3的TiB_2和TiC粉末,制备耐磨性复合涂层。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线能谱仪(EDS)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)对激光熔覆层的微观形貌和组织成分进行了分析;用显微维氏硬度计对熔覆层的显微硬度进行了测量;用万能摩擦磨损试验机对熔覆层的耐磨性能进行了测试。结果添加4%Y_2O_3后,熔覆层中部组织明显细化,结合区由致密组织结构转变为晶须网状结构;熔覆层的最高显微硬度为1404.6HV0.2,是基体的3.7倍;熔覆层的磨损量减少了66.67%,且其摩擦系数有明显的降低。结论添加4%Y_2O_3对TC4钛合金表面激光熔覆TiB/TiC复合熔覆层耐磨性能有显著的提高。     

氩弧熔覆原位自生TiC-TiB增强铁基复合涂层组织与性能

以碳粉、钛粉、硼粉和铁粉末为原料,利用氩弧熔覆技术在16Mn钢基材表面成功制备出铁基增强相复合涂层,运用XRD,SEM等分析手段研究了复合涂层的显微组织,利用显微硬度仪测试了复合涂层的显微硬度,并用磨损试验机分析了其在室温干滑动磨损条件下的耐磨性能.结果表明,复合涂层与基体界面无气孔、裂纹,呈冶金结合.复合涂层由TiB,TiC,Fe₂Ti和α-Fe组成.显微硬度和耐磨性测试结果表明,该复合涂层显微维氏硬度高达1000 MPa左右.常温干滑动磨损条件下,复合涂层具有优异的耐磨性.     

Microstructure and Tribological Properties of TiB2/TiB/TiNx（x=1,0.3）/Ti Composite Coating Produced on Pure Ti by Laser Surface Alloying

TiB2/TiB/TiNx(x=1,0.3)/Ti composite coating was prepared on pure Ti by laser surface alloying by using powders of boron as starting materials.The composite coating was examined by X-ray diffraction(XRD),high-resolution transmission electron microscopy(HRTEM)and scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The friction and wear properties of the composite coating were examined using a pin-on-disk tester under dry sliding wear condition.The results showed that the top surface of the composite coating was mainly composed of TiB2,TiB,TiN0.3,TiN and Ti phases,while the interface of the composite coating was composed of TiB and Ti phases.The composite coating showed sticklike structure near the top surface,and dendrites structure near the interface.The friction and wear test showed that the composite coating had better wear resistance than pure Ti due to their higher microhardness than that of pure Ti substrate.     

氩弧熔敷原位合成Ti（C,N）-TiB_2/Ni60A基复合涂层的组织与耐磨性

在Q235D钢表面采用氩弧熔敷技术制备了Ti（C,N）-TiB2增强Ni60A基复合涂层。利用SEM对复合涂层的显微组织进行了分析,Ti（C,N）颗粒呈花瓣状和不规则的球状,TiB2颗粒呈短棒状和六面体,并对其组织结构进行表征。利用显微硬度计和摩擦磨损试验机,对复合涂层的性能进行了测试和分析。涂层表面平均硬度达到了1250 HV。摩擦磨损实验表明,涂层的磨损机制主要为磨粒磨损,伴随着粘着磨损。     

Microstructure and Tribological Property of TiC-Mo Composite Coating Prepared by Vacuum Plasma Spraying

TiC-based composite coating using Mo as an additive has been fabricated by vacuum plasma-spraying, and then the phase composition and microstructure of TiC-Mo composite coating were investigated. Wear resistance of the TiC-Mo composite coating was comparatively studied with pure TiC coating. The experimental results showed that the microstructure of the TiC-Mo composite coating was relatively homogeneous and compact, exhibiting typical lamellar structure of plasma-sprayed coating. Orientated columnar grains of TiC can be found in the composite coating, and a (Ti, Mo)C transition phase was also observed. Due to the formation of (Ti, Mo)C transition phase, strong interface between TiC and Mo splats was obtained, which positively influenced the wear performance of the composite coating. As compared with pure TiC coating, the TiC-Mo composite coating exhibited improved wear resistance both at low and high loads. Wear mechanisms for the TiC coatings have been changed by adding Mo element.     

Al-TiO2-C系激光熔覆制备TiC/Fe复合涂层及其组织与性能

采用激光熔覆技术,在Q235钢表面原位合成了TiC/Fe复合涂层,利用光学显微镜、XRD、SEM、EDS和显微硬度计对熔覆层的组织和性能进行了分析.结果表明:涂层组织致密,无裂纹和气孔,与基体之间呈良好的冶金结合;在激光束的加热作用下,A1-TiO2-C体系能在铁基熔池中反应并合成细小且弥散分布的TiC颗粒;熔覆层的平...     

激光表面原位合成TiB2/Cu复合涂层的性能

应用500 W Nd:YAG固体激光器在纯铜表面原位合成TiB2/Cu复合涂层,测定了熔覆层的显微硬度和导电性,研究了熔覆层的磨损行为和抗电弧烧蚀性能.结果表明,含熔覆层试样的显微硬度由外到里存在明显的梯度变化,其中熔覆层的硬度最高,约为450～490 HV;熔覆层的平均体积导电率约为82.7% IACS,原位合成的细小TiB2相对Cu基体的电导率影响不大;含熔覆层试样的磨损性能明显优于纯铜试祥,其主要磨损机制为磨粒磨损;熔覆层内激光原位合成的TiB2颗粒能明显改善Cu基体抗电弧烧蚀的性能.     

Reactive HVOF sprayed TiN-matrix composite coating and its corrosion and wear resistance properties

TiN-matrix composite coating was prepared on 45# steel by reactive high-velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) spraying. Its microstructure, phase composition, micro-hardness, corrosion resistance in 3.5% NaCl solution and wear resistance were analyzed. The results suggest that the TiN-matrix composite coating is well bonded with the substrate. The micro-hardness measured decreases with the increase of applied test loads. And the micro-hardness of the coating under heavy loads is relatively high. The TiN-matrix composite coating exhibits an excellent corrosion resistance in 3.5% NaCl solution. The corrosion potential of coating is positive and the passivation zone is broad, which indicates that the TiN-matrix composite coating is stable in the electrolyte and provides excellent protection to the substrate. The wear coefficient of the coating under all loads maintains at 0.49–0.50. The wear mechanism of the coating is revealed to be three-body abrasive wear. Yet the failure forms of TiN-matrix composite coating under different loads have an obvious difference. The failure form of coating under light loads is particle spallation due to the stress concentration while that of coating under heavy loads is cracking between inter-lamellae.     

Microstructure and formation mechanism of titanium matrix composites coating on Ti-6Al-4V by laser cladding

Laser cladding experiments were done on a 5-kW continuous wave CO2 laser to synthesize TiC and TiB rein- fowed titanium matrix composite coatings on Ti-6AI-4V alloy with a mixture of Ti and B4C precursor powder. The ther- modynamics of the reactions were calculated and analyzed. The microstructure and phase evolution of TiB and TiC com- posites were investigated. The results showed that the chemical reaction between Ti and B4C would release much heat, and these compounds, TiC, TiB, and small amount of TiB2, can be formed on the surface of Ti-6AI-4V alloy if the supplied en- ergy is sufficient to excite the reaction among the initial products. A good metallurgical bond between the coating and the substrate can be achieved. The microhardness of coating was irregular and the maximum value was approximately HV600.     

SHS／PHIP法制备铁基平面TiC陶瓷涂层研究

用燃烧合成结合准热等静压技术（简称SHS／PHIP）在钢板表面制备金属陶瓷复合涂层。采用X射线衍射、扫描电镜、能谱、硬度测定及抗热震性等实验对合成的涂层进行了研究。结果表明：涂层主要是由α-Fe相、TiC相组成多相金属陶瓷组成的复合体系，其显微组织均匀致密，与基体间为冶金结合，硬度是基体的4倍，抗热震实验显示涂层具有良好的结合力。     

热处理温度对AZ91D合金表面Ni-P-SiC复合镀层性能的影响

目的提高镁合金表面Ni-P-SiC复合镀层的耐腐蚀性能和耐磨性能。方法采用加入SiC微粒的Ni-P化学镀溶液,在AZ91D镁合金表面制备Ni-P-SiC复合镀层,并在不同温度下进行热处理,通过X射线衍射(XRD)、显微硬度测试、电化学腐蚀测试和摩擦磨损实验等方法分析和评价镀层的组织构成、显微硬度、耐腐蚀性能和耐磨性能。结果 Ni-P-SiC复合镀层经320℃热处理后,组织结构由非晶向晶体转变,并伴随有Ni3P相的析出。此温度下热处理的Ni-P-SiC复合镀层:显微硬度最高,可达1120HV,为未热处理时显微硬度(620HV)的1.81倍;自腐蚀电位为–0.697 V,较未热处理样品的(–0.727 V)有所提高;腐蚀电流密度基本最小,为0.984μA/cm~(–2);磨损体积最小,为0.324×10~(–3) mm~3。340℃热处理的复合镀层则磨损体积最大,为1.43×10~(–3) mm~3。结论在AZ91D镁合金表面制备的Ni-P-SiC复合镀层经过320℃热处理保温1 h后,复合镀层的硬度、耐腐蚀性能和耐磨性能均有所提高。     

激光熔覆TiC增强FeAl金属间化合物基复合材料涂层磨损性研究

利用激光熔覆技术在1Cr18Ni9Ti奥氏体不锈钢表面制得了以TiC为增强相、以FeAl 金属间化合物为基体的耐磨复合材料涂层，研究了激光熔覆。FiC／FeAl复合材料涂层在干滑动磨损条件下的耐磨性能及磨损机制。结果表明：随着载荷和滑动速率的增加，TiC／FeAl金属间化合物基复合材料涂层的磨损速率增加，其磨损机制随着载荷的增加逐渐由磨料磨损向粘着磨损转变；激光熔覆层中TiC体积分数的增加，一方面提高了涂层的磨料磨损抗力，另一方面降低了熔覆层表面与对磨材料之间的粘着倾向，提高了TiC／FeAl涂层的滑动磨损性能。激光熔覆TiC/FeAl金属间化合物基复合材料涂层具有优异的耐磨性能并随TiC体积分数的增加而提高。     

Ti6Al4V合金表面氩弧熔覆原位合成TiC-TiB2增强钛基复合涂层组织与耐磨性

以B4C和Ni60A粉末为预涂材料,采用氩弧熔覆技术,在Ti6Al4V合金表面原位合成TiC与TiB₂增强相增强钛基复合材料涂层.运用XRD,SEM等分析手段研究了复合涂层的显微组织,利用显微硬度仪测试了复合涂层的显微硬度并用磨损试验机分析了其在室温干滑动磨损条件下的耐磨性能.结果表明,熔覆层组织主要由TiC和TiB₂组成,TiC颗粒和TiB₂颗粒弥散分布在基体上,TiC颗粒的尺寸为2~3μm,而呈长条状的TiB₂颗粒尺寸为3~5μm.显微硬度和耐磨性测试结果表明,该复合涂层显微维氏硬度高达1200MPa左右,复合涂层的耐磨性能比Ti6Al4V基体提高约20倍.     

梯度过渡层对硬质合金沉积类金刚石膜的耐磨性影响

目的分析不同类型的梯度过渡层对硬质合金沉积类金刚石涂层耐磨性能的影响,制备出能有效改善硬质合金减摩抗磨性能的类金刚石涂层。方法采用真空阴极电弧离子镀和等离子体增强化学沉积技术,在硬质合金基底上制备了Ti/TiC/DLC、Ti/TiN/DLC、Ti/TiN/TiNC/DLC和Ti/TiN/TiNC/TiC/DLC四种类型的Ti多元梯度过渡类金刚石涂层。通过GNEHM-150型洛氏硬度计和电子显微镜、MFT-4000多功能材料表面性能试验仪、纳米硬度测试仪,分别评价不同类型多元梯度过渡层对硬质合金类金刚石涂层的膜基结合强度、摩擦磨损性能及纳米硬度。结果 Ti/TiC/DLC、Ti/TiN/DLC、Ti/TiN/TiNC/DLC和Ti/TiN/TiNC/TiC/DLC四种类型涂层的膜基结合强度等级分别为HF3-HF4、HF5-HF6、HF1-HF2、HF1,对两种膜基结合强度较好的涂层(Ti/TiN/TiNC/DLC、Ti/TiN/TiNC/TiC/DLC)进行摩擦磨损检测,其摩擦系数分别为0.2、0.1,且经过60 min对摩,Ti/TiN/TiNC/TiC/DLC涂层仍未出现明显剥落。结论梯度过渡层的类型对薄膜的膜基结合强度、摩擦性能有较明显的影响,Ti/TiN/TiNC/TiC/DLC结构的涂层膜基结合强度最好,具有最低的摩擦系数,表现出了优异的减摩抗磨性能,可有效改善硬质合金表面的耐磨性能。     

亚微米陶瓷颗粒补强合金化涂层的研究

以亚微米级TiC和CrxCy合金混合粉末为原料,采用激光合金化技术在球铁表面制备出耐磨、耐腐蚀、耐高温的合金化层.利用XRD、SEM、EDS等分析了激光合金化层的相组成及微观组织,并测试了激光合金化的显微硬度,在室温干摩擦条件下测试了涂层的耐磨性.结果表明,合金化涂层致密,硬度(HV)达930(测试载荷2 000 N),干摩擦条件下材料磨损量是基材球墨铸铁的1/16,合金化涂层的耐磨性有一定的提高.     

Microstructure and wear properties of TiC/FeCrBSi surface composite coating prepared by laser cladding

Titanium carbide particles reinforced Fe-based surface composite coatings were fabricated by laser cladding using a 5 kW CO₂ laser. The microstructure, phase structure and wear properties were investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction, as well as dry sliding wear test. The results showed that TiC carbides were formed via in situ reaction between ferrotitanium and graphite in the molten pool during the laser-clad process. The morphology of TiC is mainly cubic and dendritic form; and the TiC carbides were distributed uniformly in the composite coating. The TiC/matrix interface was found to be free from cracks and deleterious phases. The coatings reinforced by TiC particles revealed higher wear resistance and lower friction coefficient than that of the substrate and FeCrBSi laser-clad coating.     

Microstructure and wear behavior of laser-textured and micro-alloyed Co-based WC and TiC composite sintered-carbide coating

A new laser-texturing method, laser coating texturing, combining surface-laser alloying and texturing was proposed. A thin film of alloy powder was sprayed on the surface before it was textured and alloy elements were introduced into the coating with this method. Experiments of laser texturing and micro-alloying of composite Co-based WC–TiC sintered-carbide coating were performed by pulse laser. Microstructures, roughness and phase compositions of the processed coating were analyzed while its hardness distribution and wear resisting property were also investigated. The results show that the processed coating is metallurgical bonded with the substrate without crack and porosity and mainly composed of Ti, Co, TiC, WC, W₂C, Co₂C, CoC_x. New phases α-W₂C, Co₃W₃C, Co₆W₆C, CCo₂W₄ are formed with W decomposed from WC. Structure in the laser-melted zone is mainly cellular and dendritic. The coating is of high micro-hardness, 1000 HV_0.2, and has excellent wear resistance, about 1/4 of the wear rate of the substrate. Fatigue wear and grain abrasion of hard particle are the main abrasion mechanisms of the coating through the friction and wear tests. The depth and height of textured craters can be increased and the wear resisting property of textured surface can be improved with the proposed method.