BCJ多功能装药车的研究与应用

文章简要介绍了BCJ多功能装药车的结构、工作原理及应用。该车实现了乳化炸药、铵油炸药和重铵油炸药3种炸药的现场混制,可在同一爆破现场或同一炮孔内装填不同品种炸药。现场混装重铵油炸药使用常温乳胶基质,铵油炸药含量为10％～90％,产品性能可调,可满足不同爆破工程需要。     

工业炸药现场混装系统的新进展

文章概述了工业炸药现场混装系统较传统工厂的一般优势,评述了国内外几种车的特点与存在的问题,指出了MEF乳化基质制备站加BCJ系列装药车模式的炸药现场混装系统技术的独到之处,描述了此系统的最新进展情况。     

乳化炸药现场混装技术又获重大突破

2008年底,我院星宇惠龙公司与双鸭山建龙矿业公司,就BCJ-5型乳化炸药装药车及现场混装技术签订了技术转让协议。2009年3～4月,星宇惠龙公司派出2名技术人员现场指导装药车调试及井下上向深孔装药爆破工作。在双方领导的大力支持下,调试人员针对乳胶基质制备及配送、装药车的参数调整、上向垂直深孔炸药现场混装作业等技术难题展开攻关,最终实现了地下铁矿上向深孔现场混装乳化炸药技术的重大突破。     

混装乳胶基质敏化试剂的研究

化学敏化是混装乳化基质炸药在现场生产的最后一个环节.选择适宜不同温度、快速敏化、操作可控的敏化试剂进行研究,通过对敏化剂的组成、不同温度下的加入剂量、敏化器结构与转速进行试验检验与现场验证,实现了乳胶基质在不同现场温度条件快速敏化达到炸药现场稳定、操作可控的理想效果.     

炸药现场混装技术在大型露天煤矿抛掷爆破中的应用

结合炸药现场混装技术在黑岱沟露天煤矿抛掷爆破中的应用实践,介绍了适于大型露天矿山使用的乳胶基质地面站、铵油炸药地面站生产技术,多功能装药车系统结构及现场混装炸药的性能。通过分析现场爆破效果、经济与社会效益,阐述了该项技术的应用优势,为大型露天矿山爆破施工提供了经验。     

远程配送乳胶基质专用运输车的研制

为了解决乳胶基质在长距离、大范围内安全、可靠地配送的技术难题,研究了远程配送乳胶基质专用运输车的原理、结构和主要参数,成功研制出远程配送乳胶基质专用运输车。该车对于完善乳化炸药现场混装技术,促进乳化炸药"生产、配送、装填、爆破"一体化经营模式的发展有积极意义,具有比较广阔的应用前景。     

现场混装乳化炸药在华润红水河公司露天矿山的应用

为了改善爆破效果,降低矿山开采成本,提高公司经济效益,使用现场混装乳化炸药作为爆破能源。介绍了现场混装乳化炸药工艺特点和爆破施工工艺及操作要点,分析了现场混装乳化炸药相比膨化炸药、大直径乳化炸药的优势。提出了现场混装乳化炸药在装药过程中应注意的有关事项。使用现场混装乳化炸药能提高劳动效率和爆破作业的安全性,取得了良好的经济效益。     

大孔径深孔含水爆破混装乳化炸药性能研究

大孔径深孔含水爆破中,混装乳化炸药受到来自炸药本身重压、回填渣的压力以及炮孔中水的侵蚀,炸药爆炸性能发生改变。为了分析压力及水对混装乳化炸药的影响规律,提出了一种新型乳化炸药抗压性试验方法,模拟了深孔爆破环境气泡敏化的混装乳化炸药的爆速随孔压变化规律:0.1、0.2 MPa下24 h内爆速较高,随着压力增加及加压时间的延长,爆速下降直至拒爆;同时,通过测试乳胶基质中硝酸铵的溶失值以及乳胶基质的溶胀厚度,分析了乳化剂、油相材料对其抗水稳定性的影响。结果表明:添加质量分数1%的基础油,Span80、高分子型乳化剂EPE-1添加质量比达到1:1后,溶失值及溶胀厚度较小;再增加EPE-1的含量,抗水性、稳定性基本不发生变化。提出了提高混装乳化炸药抗水稳定性的方法。     

抗低温地下混装乳化炸药工艺配方研究

针对低温对地下混装乳化炸药技术的影响,通过混装乳化炸药组分分析,进行系列化实验研究,确定抗低温地下现场混装乳化炸药工艺配方。即在常规地下混装乳化炸药工艺配方的基础上,往水相中加入析晶点调节剂A,油相中加入富含亲水基团且具立体结构组分B,敏化组分中加入冰点调节剂C。由实验验证和工业化应用表明,设计的工艺配方能够有效解决由低温引起的基质储存稳定性差、远距离输送压力高、敏化低效以及装药返药等问题,且具有良好的装药爆破效果。     

抗低温地下混装乳化炸药工艺配方研究

针对低温对地下混装乳化炸药技术的影响,通过混装乳化炸药组分分析,进行系列化实验研究,确定抗低温地下现场混装乳化炸药工艺配方。即在常规地下混装乳化炸药工艺配方的基础上,往水相中加入析晶点调节剂A,油相中加入富含亲水基团且具立体结构组分B,敏化组分中加入冰点调节剂C。由实验验证和工业化应用表明,设计的工艺配方能够有效解决由低温引起的基质储存稳定性差、远距离输送压力高、敏化低效以及装药返药等问题,且具有良好的装药爆破效果。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

From Industry 4.0 to Research 4.0. Development of High Performance Fibers in the Light of Digitization

We associate a variety of innovations with the term ＂Industry 4.0＂. The pioneer of many 4.0 modifications forms the basisfor the trend towards the integrated di...     

Roman iron and steel: A review

ABSTRACT

The production of ferrous metal increased during the Roman Late Republican period, Principate and Empire. The direct bloomery process was used to extract the metal from its ores using slag-tapping and slag-pit furnaces. The fuel was charcoal and an air blast was introduced by bellows-operated tuyères. Iron formed as a bloom, often as a spongy mass of metal, which contained impurities from the smelting process, including unreacted ore, fuel, slag and fragments from the furnace walls, while the metal was often inhomogeneous with varied carbon contents. Blooms were either smithed directly into bars or ingots or they were broken up, which also allowed the removal of gross impurities and a selection of pieces with similar properties to be made. These could then be forge-welded together and formed into characteristically shaped ingots. Making steel in the furnace seems to have been achieved: it depended on the ore and the furnace and conditions within it. Surface carburization was also carried out. Iron and steel were used extensively in construction and for tools and weapons. Fire welding was often used to add pieces of steel to make the edges of tools and weapons, which could be heat-treated by quenching to harden them.     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Synthesis of Alumina-Zirconia Nanocomposites by Solgel Process

Al₂O₃-ZrO₂ nanocomposites were developed starting with the solgel process. Composite alumina-zirconia nanopowders were synthesized from metallorganic precursors (Aluminium secondary butoxide and zirconium Iso propoxide) using the solgel process. The parameters affecting the synthesis—solvent, concentration of precursor, R/H ratio (i.e., dilution of water in solvent)—were varied as also the temperature and pH. BET and TEM were used to measure nanosize. Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and also qualitative optical absorption led to identical particle size estimate. The variation of process parameters was used to study the effect and interdependence of process parameters. Artificial Neural Networks was used to rigorously analyze the process. Although this led to confirmation of interdependence of parameters, the presence of a single overwhelming solvent variable was also established. Then the optimal process was used to synthesize more nanopowder. To produce bulk nanocomposite the nanopowders were sintered by varying the temperature and time period. The sintered lithoids were probed with a vickers hardness tester to measure elastic modulus, hardness, and fracture toughness. The results showed high elastic modulus, modest hardness, and very high fracture toughness.     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Friction Stir Processing Strategies for Uniform Distribution of Reinforcement in a Surface Composite

Friction stir processing (FSP) is an important technique for preparing surface composites. Fabricating defect-free surface composites with uniform particle distribution by FSP is a challenging task. In this study, silicon carbide particles reinforced AA5083 alloy surface composites was fabricated using different FSP strategies including variation in process parameters, dual-tool processing and tool offset overlapping. Material flow of the processed material with reinforcement particles demonstrated that the distribution of particles was influenced by the stirring action of the probe as well as the extrusion of the plasticized material due to the movement of the tool. Process parameters, particularly rotational speed, showed a dominant influence on the distribution of silicon carbide particles.