REST API设计分析及实证研究

REST API已成为访问和使用Web服务的重要途径, 为开发基于服务架构的应用系统提供了可复用接口. 但是, REST API的设计质量参差不齐, 因此有效、合理的设计指导规范对于规范和提高REST API设计质量具有现实意义和应用价值. 首先, 基于REST API的本质内涵, 建立了一个多维度、两层次的REST API设计指导规范分类体系RADRC (REST API design rule catalog), 并对当前主流的25条设计指导规范进行分类. 其次, 针对已有规范提出相应的检测方法, 并实现了REST API设计指导规范遵循情况的分析与检测工具RESTer. 最后, 使用RESTer开展REST API设计实证研究, 分析了APIs.guru收录的近2000个真实REST API的文档, 从中分析提取相应的REST API信息, 进一步检测并统计当前REST API的设计特征和设计指导规范遵循情况. 研究发现不同应用类别的REST API在资源和操作模式上存在差异, 使得不同类别REST API在设计规则和总体架构方面各有特点. 实证研究结果有助于深入了解当前REST API及其设计规则的特征、现状和不足, 对于提高REST API设计质量和改进设计指导规范具有实际意义.     

高性能计算服务环境应用编程接口

高性能计算服务环境主要面向用户、科研团队提供高性能计算服务.随着环境接入的超算中心以及应用社区和业务平台越来越多,超算中心以及社区和业务平台的用户希望能够使用原有账号登录高性能计算环境使用资源.高性能计算服务环境目前提供的应用编程接口仅支持通过LDAP认证的网格账号.为使得应用社区和业务平台用户使用自己原有的登录方式认证通过后就可访问高性能计算服务环境,我们重新设计开发了高性能计算服务环境应用编程接口.本文着重介绍新版应用编程接口的结构与部署实现,并通过用例来说明如何调用新版接口.新版接口为社区和业务平台接入高性能计算环境提供了更方便且安全地支撑.     

DMajor—Application Programming Interface for Database Mining

In the process of rule generation from databases, the volume of generated rules often greatly exceeds the size of the underlying database. Typically only a small fraction of that large volume of rules is of any interest to the user. We believe that the main challenge facing database mining is what to do with the rules after having generated them. Rule post-processing involves selecting rules which are relevant or interesting, building applications which use the rules and finally, combining rules together to form a larger and more meaningful statements. In this paper we propose an application programming interface which enables faster development of applications which rely on rules. We also provide a rule query language which allows both selective rule generation as well as retrieval of selected categories of rules from the pre-generated rule collections.     

用VC++编写USB接口通信程序

详细介绍VisualC++6.0环境下利用WindowsAPI(Application Program Interface)函数来实现与符合HID设备类的USB接口通信,并给出了通信程序的部分代码.     

Business Intelligence Effectiveness and Corporate Performance Management: An Empirical Analysis

ABSTRACT

Business intelligence (BI) technologies have received much attention from both academics and practitioners, and the emerging field of business analytics (BA) is beginning to generate academic research. However, the impact of BI and the relative importance of BA on corporate performance management (CPM) have not yet been investigated. To address this gap, we modeled a CPM framework based on the Integrative model of IT business value and on information processing theory. Data were collected from a global survey of senior managers in 337 companies. Findings suggest that the more effective the BI implementation, the more effective the CPM-related planning and analytic practices. BI effectiveness is strongly related to BA, planning and to measurement. In contrast, BA effectiveness is strongly related to planning but less so to measurement. The study suggests that although both BI and BA contribute to corporate management practices, the information needs are different based on the level of uncertainty versus ambiguity characteristic of the management practice.     

MATLAB与FORTRAN混合编程接口程序技术的研究

介绍了FORTRAN与MATLAB的各自优势与不足,以及它们之间混合使用的必要性;分析了二种程序混合编程的接口技术以及动态连接函数MEX文件的构建和使用方法,并且用实例阐述了MEX文件的具体编写。     

MATLAB与FORTRAN混合编程接口程序技术的研究

介绍了FORTRAN与MATLAB的各自优势与不足，以及它们之间混合使用的必要性；分析了二种程序混合编程的接口技术以及动态连接函数MEX文件的构建和使用方法，并且用实例阐述了MEX文件的具体编写。     

VFP和VB编程实现文件关联

文件关联是应用程序安装注册的重要内容.本文分析了Wiindows系统中文件与程序关联的原理,提出用程序实现这种关联的方法,给出在VFP6.0和VB6.0语言环境中使用Windows API函数编程的源代码.     

Matlab与Visual Basic应用接口设计

目前Marlab软件作为一个强大的数学分析应用工具在信号处理领域得到了广泛的应用。文章提出了实现Matlab与Visual Basic的应用接口方案,具体介绍了把Madab函数转换为VB可用的DLL的方法,并应用到实际工程中。     

面向过程、面向对象与泛型程序设计的对比分析

编程语言在软件设计领域经历过三次重大的变革,它们分别是面向过程的编程,面向对象的编程和泛型编程.其中的每一次变革不仅影响到编程语言本身,更影响到软件工程中的各个领域.文章介绍了这三种程序的设计方法,并且对其进行了比较和分析.     

多种网络应用程序接口的实现

ＢＳＤＵｎｉｘ的ＳＯＣＫＥＴ和ＡＴ＆ＴＳｙｓｔｅｍＶ的ＴＬＩ（ＴｒａｎｓｐｏｒｔＬａｙｅｒＩｎｔｅｒｆａｃｅ）是Ｕｎｉｘ系统中主流的网络应用程序接。ＡＰＩ。ＳＯＣＫＥＴ与系统Ｉ／Ｏ相关连,而ＴＬＩ通过流机制实现,都分别依赖于各自操作系统的特性和机制。在操作系统国产化的要求下,同时提供ＳＯＣＫＥＴ和ＴＬＩ能极大提高系统的兼容性,但通过互相模拟或者提供两套系统都不能很好地同时实现ＳＯＣＫＥＴ和ＴＬＩ。ＣＯＮＥＴＶ２．０作为国产网络系统软件,采用优秀的ｘ－ｋｅｒｎｅｌ机制,它先进的面向对象和多线程特性很好地解决了以上难题。文章扼要说明了ＳＯＣＫＥＴ和ＴＬＩ的差异,并详细讨论了在ＣＯＮＥＴＶ２．０中同时实现两者的细节。     

Large Deviations of Empirical Estimates in Stochastic Programming Problems

The authors analyze a stochastic programming problem where the random factor is a stationary ergodic sequence. The problem is approximated by minimizing an empirical function. It is proved that, under some conditions, the probability of large deviations of empirical estimates from the initial problem solution decreases exponentially.     

基于群体性行为模型的人群分析及其应用

基于视频分析的人群监控,涉及到获取人群行为和数量,这在智能监控领域具有重要的现实价值。本文建立基于运动特征的群体性行为模型,挖掘复杂人群场景中的群体行为,用于人群行为和数量的分析。群体性行为模型是一种主题模型（LDA）,通过样本学习,可以获得描述不同群体行为的特征集,用于人群分析。实验中,将群体性行为模型应用于挖掘监控场景下的不同人群行为及其特征集,并使用人工神经网络完成人数统计,统计正确率达到92.35%。     

群智贡献标记行为研究

基于群智的开源协同模式已成为软件创新的重要模式,越来越多的开发者开始积极参与开源贡献。为有效支持开源项目管理团队对海量群智贡献的审查工作,开源协同平台设计了种类多样的工具与机制,标签是其中一种典型的任务跟踪与管理工具。为了更好地理解标签在群体实践中的应用情况,基于GitHub平台中代码合并请求（Pull-request,PR）的标记数据展开了实证研究,重点从标记时间、标签数量、标记执行者三个方面进行了分析。研究结果表明,标签在开发者中得到了广泛的使用：大部分标记时间与PR时间相同,平均每个PR带有6个以上的标记,每个标签被35人使用。     

中国服务业利用外商直接投资实证分析

In the process of global industrial adjustment, the structure of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) has shifted towards services. The degree of openness of service industry has been greatly improved since China's opening up to the outside world. As a result, FDI in services has grown substantially. It can be expected that China's service industry will become the most attractive field to foreign capital. In this paper, the status, problems and determinants of FDI in China's service industry are analyzed. Compared with the world growth trend of services FDI and its changing mix, the stock of China's services FDI is rather small and the sector distribution is uneven: the proportions of finance, trade and fundamental service sectors are very small, while FDI in real estate, leasing and business services account for very large share. Services FDI in China shows strong locational preference, while the sector distribution in provinces or cities does not have much difference, mostly concentrating in such service sectors as real estate and social services. Services FDI in China are positively influenced by the degree of openness and market scale. However, there aren't appreciable relationships between services FDI and the infrastructure, development level of service industry and human capital. It conducts empirical analyses on the relationship between services FDI and the value-added, labor productivity of China's service industry. It shows that the positive relationship between services FDI and the development of China's service industry is not evident. There exists a positive correlation between services FDI and labor productivity of China's service industry, but this effect has a time lag. Some countermeasures are put forward accordingly.     

Software Process Improvement Problems in Twelve Software Companies: An Empirical Analysis

In this paper we discuss our study of the problems 12 software companies experienced in software development. In total we present qualitative data collected from 45 focus groups that involved over 200 software staff. We look at how different practitioner groups respond to software process improvement problems. We show our classification and analysis of this data using correspondence analysis. Correspondence analysis is a graphical data representation method new to software development research. The aim of the work we present is to develop a more holistic understanding of the problems practitioners are experiencing in their attempts to improve their software processes. Our main finding is that there is an association between a company's capability maturity and patterns of reported problems. Organizational problems are more associated with high maturity companies than with low maturity companies. Low maturity companies are closely linked to problems relating directly to projects such as documentation, timescales, tools and technology. Our findings also confirm differences in practitioner group problems. Senior managers cite problems with goals, culture and politics. Project managers are concerned with timescales, change management, budgets and estimates. Developers are experiencing problems with requirements, testing, documentation, communication, tools and technology. These associations are displayed graphically through correspondence analysis maps.     

Documentation and the management of a software project—a case study

The purpose of this article is to discuss documentation and management technique in a software production project. It is claimed that clear and concise documentation is a major contribution to communication between people who are either inside or outside the software project and that such documentation plays an important role in the management of the project. A university software project is used as a case study to illustrate the above points and to describe the means for achieving them. This project developed a supervisor and an assembler for a small 4K words machine and at various times it involved up to ten parttime people (instructor and students). One of the goals of the project was the development and improvement of documentation technique, and the techniques described in this article were practised and improved as the project progressed. It is felt that with minor changes the conclusions of the university project can be used in industrial projects of similar size.     

VB与Matlab混合编程的仿真应用

介绍了Visual Basic与Matlab混合编程方法在可靠性与维修性仿真中的应用。此方法突破了以往利用单一语言实现系统可靠性与维修性仿真的限制,更广泛的利用了现有技术成果,降低了编程难度,加快了编程速度。详细介绍了Visual Basic与Matlab混合编程的方法及实现步骤。包括Matlab编译环境的设置、Matlab程序编写、Matlab COM组件的编译与发布以及如何在Visual Basic中使用Matlab COM组件。详细叙述了混合编程每个步骤实现的技术关键,为可靠性与维修性仿真解决了软件实现的技术问题。最后一部分给出了利用Visual Basic与Matlab混合编程方法进行可靠性与维修性仿真的示例。     

Designing and Conducting an Empirical Study on Test Management Automation

Test management aims at organizing, documenting and executing test cases, and at generating execution reports. The adoption of a support tool and of a standard process for such activities is expected to improve the current practice. ITALO is a European project devoted to the evaluation of the benefits coming from test management automation. In this paper the experiences collected and the lessons learned during ITALO are summarized. A formal methodology was adopted for the selection of a support tool among those available from the market. A survey of the current practice in component testing was conducted to adapt the existing process model so as to obtain the greatest benefits from automation. An empirical study was then designed to measure the effects that are expected to be produced by the new test process complemented with the introduction of the support tool. Three pilot projects were conducted to measure the benefits obtained from tool usage and process modification. Results are presented and discussed in this paper.