DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF ELECTRO-HYDRAULIC PROPOR- TIONAL PRESSURE-FLOW HYBRID VALVE

The structure principles under the flow and pressure working conditions are studied, in order to investigate the dynamic characteristics of the electro-hydraulic proportional pressure-flow hybrid valve. According to the structure principles under the two different working conditions, the transfer functions under such conditions are derived. With the transfer functions, some structure elements that may affect its performance, are investigated, afterwards some principles of optimality and effective methods for improving the dynamic performance of the valve are proposed. The conclusions can be used to instruct engineering applications and products designing. The test results conform to the results of the theoretical analysis and simulation, which proves the correctness of the study and simulation works.     

液压驱动单元力控系统建模及其性能影响因素研究

以四足机器人关节驱动器 液压驱动单元为研究对象,依据液压驱动单元的结构组成原理,采用机理建模的方法,建立其力控系统数学模型,该模型包含了基于辨识得到的伺服阀三阶传递函数、伺服阀的压力 流量非线性环节、伺服缸两腔容积变化因素等。建立液压驱动单元力控系统框图,并利用MATLAB/Simulink平台建立其仿真模型,采用实验测试与仿真分析相结合的方法,研究不同工作参数和不同给定信号下的液压驱动单元力控性能。研究结果表明：比例增益、供油压力、力阶跃量及正弦频率等参数均会对液压驱动单元的力控性能产生影响,该研究工作对四足机器人各关节高性能的力控方法研究提供了理论和实验基础。     

Numerical and experimental investigation of the metering characteristic and pressure losses of the rotary tubular spool valve

This paper presents the results of numerical and experimental performance evaluation of the rotary tubular spool valve. The aim of this work is to develop further the novel design of the tubular spool valve by confirming experimentally the validity of the simulation model and its results, thereby proving the valve's potential to represent a feasible and more efficient alternative to conventionally used translation spool valves avoiding the use of two stage valve configurations. In this research the valve performance is assessed through numerical modelling and experimental studies of its metering characteristic and pressure losses. This paper demonstrates that the used valve model yields the results, which agree well with the conducted experimental study. Therefore, validation of the numerical model and the modelling results in the form of theoretical valve characteristics was accomplished. Firstly, the paper presents details of a numerical approach employed to evaluate valve performance and then analyzes the simulation results. Next, the valve performance is experimentally validated by testing a prototype valve on a hydraulic test rig capable of measuring the volume flow rate, pressure levels in up- and downstream lines of the valve across the entire spool angular stroke. Initially, average discrepancies between modelling and test results were 52.46% for the metering and 82.78% for the pressure loss characteristics. Correcting the model geometry aimed at eliminating differences between the valve model and the practically used prototype-test rig system enabled reduction of the error between experiment and modelling by 47.75% for the pressure loss function. This confirmed validity of the simulated characteristics of the valve. The benchmark comparison of pressure losses confirmed average 71.66% energy dissipation reduction compared to the industry-available analogue valve.     

重卡电动泵吸油阀的改进设计及仿真分析

目前重卡电动泵吸油阀大多采用结构简单的球阀结构,导致泵产生反冲流量过大和容积效率低的缺陷。为此,利用滑阀和锥阀的优点,提出了采用滑锥阀结构改进设计吸油阀的技术方案。通过建立吸油阀、电动泵及其液压举升系统的AMESim仿真模型,在吸油阀流量特性、泵的出口压力和液压缸举升速度方面进行了动态性能仿真,并与球阀结构的电动泵进行了比较分析。结果表明:该技术方案有效且可行,能有效降低泵的反冲流量和提高泵的容积效率,可为高性能重卡电动泵的研制提供理论参考。     

基于AMESim的防振液压安全阀设计与试验研究

为减小直动式液压安全阀开启、关闭过程对液压系统造成的振动，设计了一种防振液压安全阀。通过对防振液压安全阀及去掉消振结构的安全阀进行仿真分析，结果表明：所设计的防振液压安全阀具有优异的防振性能，其动态特性、启闭特性均满足要求。最后，利用防振液压安全阀样机进行了性能试验，试验数据验证了仿真结果的准确性，为防振液压安全阀的设计及液压系统的消振研究提供了一定的参考依据。     

基于电流调制的电磁开关阀开关特性研究

电磁开关阀是阀控液压系统中重要的基础流控原件，其开关特性决定系统整体性能。传统驱动方式下，阀芯位移响应滞后于励磁驱动电流，阻碍频响的提高。提出通过建立位移反馈提升阀芯在阶跃励磁电流作用下的电磁力的响应特性，进而提升电磁阀位移频响的方法。对二位二通电磁开关阀建立了动力学与电磁学方程，搭建了阀芯电磁-动力学关键参数测量装置。试验验证了试验装置可行性并获得了阀芯位移响应的开环传递函数。结合试验数据，在Simulink中搭建了反馈对电磁开关阀开关特性影响的验证系统。仿真结果表明，通过利用电磁阀位移反馈，阀芯位移对励磁线圈的阶跃响应改善显著，响应时间相比开环阀芯驱动缩短了近53%。     

双自由度电磁阀测试平台研究

为了对行程0～4 mm、双向输出力各0～10 N的双自由度电磁阀的动态及静态特性进行准确测试,建立了相对应的新型电磁阀动静态特性测试平台。利用该平台,在对双自由度电磁阀内外推杆同时输入激励时,可以准确地测量双自由度电磁阀的内推杆与外推杆的动、静态特性,并通过LabVIEW对数据进行精准大量采集。利用Ansoft仿真软件对电磁阀的静态特性进行仿真,利用测试平台对电磁阀开启与关闭时的静态特性进行测量,对仿真数据与静态实验数据进行比对,并测量电磁阀动态特性。结果证明双自由度电磁阀测试平台工作精确并稳定。     

基于NI-PXI平台的电液比例阀硬件在环仿真研究

比例阀放大板作为电液比例阀的配套控制设备,能够驱动阀芯运动,同时采集阀芯位置反馈,形成控制闭环。为探究一种新的比例阀放大板测试技术,采用NI-PXI平台和LabVIEW软件,对比例阀进行了硬件在环仿真。在PXI实时系统环境下,采集比例阀放大板驱动信号,搭建比例阀传递函数模型,通过模拟阀芯位置传感器将计算结果反馈至比例阀放大板。结果表明采用硬件在环仿真方法,可在一定程度上用比例阀硬件在环仿真模型替代实际比例阀,完成与放大板组成的闭环控制。     

某型号液压打桩机环形阀组回油流场理论计算与仿真分析

液压打桩机是利用液压油压力来传递动力,驱动打桩锤进行打桩作业的装置,在海洋工程领域有着广泛应用,为获得某型号液压打桩机环形阀组回油流场特性,对其进行了理论计算与仿真分析。首先通过数学模型从理论上计算出回油流道的压力损失;然后利用Fluent仿真软件得到了回油流道在不同阀口开度下的压力云图以及速度云图;最后在不同阀口开度下将理论计算与仿真模拟结果进行了对比。结果表明:理论计算结果与仿真模拟结果趋势相同,并且流体在阀芯表面会形成局部高压,在阀口周围以及阀芯中部的局部表面会产生旋涡。研究成果为液压打桩机中环形阀组的设计提供了一定参考和借鉴。     

一种新型电液比例阀的模糊控制研究

在介绍了国外一种基于双阀芯控制的新型电液比例阀的结构和工作原理的基础上,建立了该阀的数学模型,并指出了该阀在先导阀-主阀环节的传递函数与经典阀控对称液压缸的传递函数的不同。应用Matlab/Simulink设计了Fuzzy-PID双模模糊控制器,并对系统进行了仿真研究。仿真结果表明采用Fuzzy-PID双模模糊控制策略控制主阀芯是行之有效的。     

冷却油路型射流管式伺服阀的热力学研究

 射流管式电液伺服阀因抗污染能力强、灵敏度高、失效对中等特点,被广泛应用于航天、航空、船舶等领域。介绍了冷却油路型射流管式电液伺服阀的结构原理,建立了稳态传热过程的热流量方程。利用有限元软件ANSYS 对冷却油路型射流管式电液伺服阀进行了热力学分析,并分析了力矩马达内部温度分布以及热梯度等物理量。试验验证了冷却油路型射流管式电液伺服阀的冷却效果,为冷却油路型射流管式伺服阀的结构设计、热力学研究提供了理论依据。     

Piezoelectric pump with flexible venous valves for active cell transmission

The development of organ-on-a-chip systems demands high requirements for adequate micro-pump performance, which needs excellent performance and effective transport of active cells. In this study, we designed a piezoelectric pump with a flexible venous valve inspired by that of humans. Performance test of the proposed pump with deionized water as the transmission medium shows a maximum output flow rate of 14.95 mL/min when the input voltage is 100 V, and the pump can transfer aqueous solutions of glycerol with a viscosity of 10.8 mPa·s. Cell survival rate can reach 97.22% with a yeast cell culture solution as the transmission medium. A computational model of the electric-solid-liquid multi-physical field coupling of the piezoelectric pump with a flexible venous valve is established, and simulation results are consistent with experimental results. The proposed pump can help to construct the circulating organ-on-a-chip system, and the simple structure and portable application can enrich the design of microfluidic systems. In addition, the multi-physical field coupling computational model established for the proposed piezoelectric pump can provide an in-depth study of the characteristics of the flow field, facilitating the optimal design of the micro-pump and providing a reference for the further study of active cell transport in organ-on-a-chip systems.     

电磁阀的热物理场数值仿真与试验研究

以某型航空发动机控制系统上的电磁阀为研究对象，建立其流固耦合模型，开展热物理场数值仿真研究，对其不同工况下的热物理场特性进行分析。同时搭建试验系统进行试验验证，根据试验结果对仿真模型及参数进行优化迭代，并得出结论：在实际使用过程中，电磁阀的温升主要受环境温度、外加功率、内部结构及外部热交换条件的影响，电磁阀的热物理场数值仿真结果与试验数据的最大误差为7.0%,数值仿真模型准确度较高，能有效地预测电磁阀的温度场分布。该模型可指导电磁阀热设计，具有较高的实际工程应用价值。     

一种数字伺服阀驱动机构的性能研究

数字伺服阀是未来伺服阀发展的一个重要方向,其大多采用驱动机构直接驱动阀芯工作的方式,因此性能优良的驱动机构能很大程度上提升整阀的性能。给出了一种基于永磁同步电机和丝杠的新型数字伺服阀驱动机构,并对其进行了深入的理论、仿真分析和相应的模拟带载试验,其性能可满足大流量数字伺服阀的性能需求。     

新型负载口独立控制阀的设计与仿真研究

针对现有负载口独立控制系统中流量控制技术成本高、应用少等问题，设计了一种带阀后压差补偿的负载口独立控制阀。采用二级结构，将A形半桥应用到主阀的先导控制。研究中，根据阀的结构特点对其进行数学建模，通过合理假设推导出电闭环控制时的传递函数并进行理论分析。通过传统计算的方法对该阀进行结构参数设计，基于阀口迁移理论设计了主阀U形节流槽，采用矩形窗口的先导半桥控制，流量低，压力灵敏度也较大。进一步在AMESim平台上建立电闭环阀的仿真模型，对其动静态特性进行仿真研究。     

换向阀启闭特性对流量测量试验的影响分析

针对航空液压泵流量测量系统中换向阀的启闭特性对流量测量准确性影响较大、启闭过程耗时不等造成测量误差等问题,分析了换向阀在测量系统中的工作原理,针对换向阀建立了流量及阀芯的力平衡数学模型。利用AMESim软件建立了系统仿真模型并对其进行仿真研究,得到了不同系统压力和不同转速下,换向阀启闭过程对系统流量测量的影响,为进行现场测试提供了理论依据。同时,对不同型号、不同工况下被试液压泵的大量试验结果与仿真结果进行了比较,发现两者基本一致,试验结果为航空液压泵流量测量系统的设计提供了理论依据以及实际测试数据的支持。     

推土机转向制动阀性能分析与研究

 转向制动阀是实现履带式液力推土机进行转向制动操纵的核心液压件，其控制性能的优劣对整机的的操纵性能有重要影响。对转向制动阀的结构、工作原理进行了详细分析和介绍，并建立了工作过程中的数学模型。在此基础上，基于SimulationX软件仿真平台，建立了仿真模型，研究结构参数的改变对转向制动阀性能的影响，重点研究了转向制动阀的控制特性关键影响因子对其性能的影响规律，并得出了重要的观点。可为转向制动阀的结构设计及性能优化提供理论参考依据。     

Pressure regulation for earth pressure balance control on shield tunneling machine by using adaptive robust control

Most current studies about shield tunneling machine focus on the construction safety and tunnel structure stability during the excavation. Behaviors of the machine itself are also studied, like some tracking control of the machine. Yet, few works concern about the hydraulic components, especially the pressure and flow rate regulation components. This research focuses on pressure control strategies by using proportional pressure relief valve, which is widely applied on typical shield tunneling machines. Modeling of a commercial pressure relief valve is done. The modeling centers on the main valve, because the dynamic performance is determined by the main valve. To validate such modeling, a frequency-experiment result of the pressure relief valve, whose bandwidth is about 3 Hz, is presented as comparison. The modeling and the frequency experimental result show that it is reasonable to regard the pressure relief valve as a second-order system with two low corner frequencies. PID control, dead band compensation control and adaptive robust control(ARC) are proposed and simulation results are presented. For the ARC, implements by using first order approximation and second order approximation are presented. The simulation results show that the second order approximation implement with ARC can track 4 Hz sine signal very well, and the two ARC simulation errors are within 0.2 MPa. Finally, experiment results of dead band compensation control and adaptive robust control are given. The results show that dead band compensation had about 30° phase lag and about 20% off of the amplitude attenuation. ARC is tracking with little phase lag and almost no amplitude attenuation. In this research, ARC has been tested on a pressure relief valve. It is able to improve the valve's dynamic performances greatly, and it is capable of the pressure control of shield machine excavation.     

液压支架中电液换向阀内泄漏的仿真研究

内泄漏量是评价矿井液压支架电液换向阀性能的主要技术指标之一,电液换向阀内泄漏量过大会影响液压支架的工作效率和动作安全。分析了液压支架电液换向阀内泄漏产生的原因,以常用的液压支架电液换向阀为研究对象,运用AMESim软件中的HCD元件库搭建电液换向阀性能试验仿真平台。通过设置不同参数批处理运行,得到电液换向阀内泄漏量变化曲线。分析研究仿真结果,得到液压支架合理的工作压力、油液温度范围,并可为液压支架电液换向阀选型提供参考依据。     

高度阀内置空气弹簧性能测试方法与分析

与普通空气弹簧不同,高度阀内置空气弹簧是将高度阀设置在空气弹簧气囊内部形成的一体式结构。由于其结构较特殊,目前还没有专门针对这种结构空气弹簧的性能测试方法。为了得到高度阀内置空气弹簧的性能测试方法,防止因测试方法不当造成高度阀内置空气弹簧的损坏,针对一款汽车驾驶室悬置高度阀内置空气弹簧进行了性能测试。测试参照普通空气弹簧的性能测试方法进行。测定了高度阀内置空气弹簧和外置高度阀的普通空气弹簧的载荷-位移曲线和动刚度-加载频率曲线。依据测试结果的对比分析可以发现:高度阀内置空气弹簧和普通空气弹簧性能曲线的变化趋势一致,而且所测定的曲线比较符合实际行车情况。说明参照普通空气弹簧的性能测试方法对高度阀内置空气弹簧进行性能测试是可行的。由此可知,高度阀内置空气弹簧与普通空气弹簧的性能测试方法具有一致性。