保护气氛辊底炉炉辊的改造

为了提高生产能力对带氮气保护气氛辊底式退火炉进行了改造,改造的关键是提高炉辊的承载力。改造采用新型节镍材料3Cr24Ni7SiN替代原来的Cr25Ni20Si2制作辊底退火炉炉辊,介绍了改造的方案以及新炉辊的设计特别是炉辊的壁厚的计算。改造后近2年的运行结果表明,经过改造的退火炉生产能力达到了预期的目的,而且设备运行平稳,产品质量符合标准要求。     

造纸冲浆泵与水力碎浆机的变频节能改造

基于造纸工艺的速度控制原理，对造纸冲浆泵变频改造，通过增设压力变送器来实现PID控制。对间歇式水力碎浆机进行变频改造，克服原有设备能耗高、生产能力相对较小、工作效率不高的缺点。     

一台35 t/h锅炉过热蒸汽超温及燃烧系统故障的改造

某电厂35t/h锅炉过热蒸汽超温和燃烧系统故障为背景，根据自身的设备和运行状况，介绍了系列改造措施：通过燃烧设备改造，强化锅炉燃烧，提高减温器的减温能力，投用高加等来提高锅炉出力和热效率，改善，并全厂机组系统运行的经济性。     

KDON—250／1500型空分设备降本增效措施

简要分析了KDON－250／1500型空分设备投产后旧空分KZON－150／600设备停运时存在着一些制约生产的问题,并提出了改造措施,同时分析了KDON－250／1500型空分设备配套设备生产能力及降本增效潜力,只要液态产品市场挖掘出来,其经济效益将大幅提高。     

因地制宜——提高水利用率

长期以来,我国合成氨厂冷却水系统多采用大水量、直流式流程,近年来,许多小氮肥生产厂,相继进行了水系统的循环改造,达到了节约水资源,减少污染,提高经济效益的目的。 我公司是一家县级综合性化工企业,主要产品有:合成氨、钨制品、乳酸和复混肥,其中合成氨生产线生产能力为年产1.5万吨。如何有效地节约水资源,保护环境,提高水利用率,是一个必须解决的问题。1993年初,公司根据各分厂的工艺特点和水质情况,结合实际,充分利用原地下工程和闲置设备,对合成氨生产系统的冷却水进行了改造。经过一年的实践证明,工况良好,取得了明显的经济效益和社会效益。 1.改造前的情况: 我公司生产用水质是由一级泵房抽取地表水直供各用水岗位,然后就地排放。随着生产能力的不断扩大(由投产时的年产3000吨合成     

冷却水系统节能综合利用

本文着重就本厂的设备的利用效率低等问题提出了改造方案，一方面通过改造提高了除盐水的进水温度，机组的热效率及设备的使用寿命有了明显的提高；另一方面，也使得厂用电率有了比较明显的下降。在节约能源、保护环境的同时给企业也带来了较大的经济效益。     

KDON-250/1500型空分设备降本增效措施

简要分析了KDON -2 5 0 / 15 0 0型空分设备投产后旧空分KZON -15 0 / 6 0 0设备停运时存在着一些制约生产的问题 ,并提出改造措施 ,同时分析了KDON -2 5 0 / 15 0 0型空分设备配套设备生产能力及降本增效潜力 ,只要液态产品市场挖掘出来 ,其经济效益将大幅提高     

50MW凝汽机组的供热改造及试验研究

近年随着国家能源产业政策的调整，将逐步淘汰能耗高的小型火电机组，而同时城市热网的负荷需求和热电厂供热能力的不足又十分突出，利用原有设备和管道系统，采用新技术对凝汽机组的供热改造将是及时有效的解决方案。所述供热改造方案，不仅采取措施提高了汽轮机通流部分效率和回热循环效率，解决了与原有设备的匹配问题，并且进行了试验研究和分析，对改造效果进行了技术经济评价。     

美国钮柯钢铁公司改造它在南卡罗来纳州的特钢厂

美国钮柯钢铁公司为提高生产力和降低成本，决定斥资4500万美元在5年内，改造它在南卡罗来纳州的达林顿特钢厂。改造项目包括：炼钢设备和轧钢设备、炉料运输机、合金操作系统、各种管理系统，以及天车等设备的更新换代。达林顿特钢厂主要生产：加强型建筑用？昆凝土钢材、     

锦纶6聚合萃取节能综合改造

一、概况上海第十一化学纤维厂，年生产能力在5000吨以上，每年消耗能源折标准煤2万吨左右，是耗能大户之一。由于我厂自1971年由棉纺改建化纤以来，聚合、革取设备长期采用9480毫米的小型装置，整个聚合萃取工段共有9480毫米聚合管及9530毫米萃取塔10套，f800聚合管及930萃取塔1套，在整个生产过程中存在着机台多，单机产量低，能源消耗大（单耗为320kwh/t）以及机台之间产品质量差异大，而造成了影响后道纺质量和能耗高所引起的经济效益低的情况。1991年我厂结合老厂改造，提出了对原948。毫米聚合管和f530革取塔设备进行扩大容量，提高产…     

基于农村配电GIS系统的空间数据库建立

将GIS引入配电网管理系统能够极大地方便数据图形的管理,大幅度提高工作人员的劳动生产率,增强企业在市场环境下的适应能力和生存能力。对沈阳市东陵区10kV配电网现状进行了调查分析,开发了配电网管理信息系统。着重介绍了系统空间数据库的建立,分析了建库过程中注意的问题并给出了解决办法。     

A tubular solar still integrated with a heat pipe

The aim of this work is to explore the thermal performance of a tracked tubular solar still (TSS) with a parabolic trough concentrator in Baghdad (33.27° N, 44.37° E) in September 2022. The present tubular still is distinguished by its hexagonal glass cover. The effect of integrating the TSS with a heat pipe, the still tilt angle (10°, 15°), and the depth of saline water inside the still partitions on the productivity of freshwater are investigated. The results showed that using heat pipe enhances the freshwater productivity by 25%–40% and the efficiency by 25%. For the still integrated with heat pipe, as the water depth is increased from 5.5 to 6.5 cm the productivity of freshwater is increased by 16% and 20% for tilt angles 10° and 15°, respectively.     

Scenario-based energy efficiency and productivity in China: A non-radial directional distance function analysis

Improving energy efficiency and productivity is one of the most cost-effective ways for achieving the sustainable development target in China. This paper employs non-radial directional distance function approach to empirically investigate energy efficiency and energy productivity by including CO₂ emissions as an undesirable output. Three production scenarios, namely energy conservation (EC), energy conservation and emission reduction (ECER), and energy conservation, emission reduction and economic growth (ECEREG), are specified to assess China's energy efficiency and productivity growth during the period of Eleventh Five-Year Plan. Our empirical results show that there exist substantial differences in China's total-factor energy efficiency and productivity under different scenarios. Under the ECEREG scenario, the national average total-factor energy efficiency score was 0.6306 in 2005–2010, while the national average total-factor energy productivity increased by 0.27% annually during the period. The main driving force for energy productivity growth in China was energy technological change rather than energy efficiency change.     

Energy efficiency and productivity change of China’s iron and steel industry: Accounting for undesirable outputs

This paper used data from 50 enterprises in China’s iron and steel industry to evaluate their energy efficiency and productivity change. The study first used a conventional data envelopment analysis model and the Malmquist Productivity Index (MPI) to measure the energy efficiency and productivity change over the period 2001–2008. The results indicated inefficiency in many of the plants: The average energy efficiency was only 61.1%. The annual growth rate of productivity was 7.96% over this period and technical change was the main contributor to this growth. The research then took undesirable outputs into consideration by using the Malmquist–Luenberger Productivity Index (MLPI) to explore the productivity change from 2006 to 2008. Omitting undesirable outputs would result in biased efficiency change and technical change. This paper also claimed that environmental regulation has a potentially positive impact on technical change.     

The effects of electricity reforms on productivity and efficiency of China's fossil-fired power plants: An empirical analysis

This paper investigates the effects of electricity reforms on productivity and efficiency of China's generation plants, based on the third industrial census data and the first economic census data. Partial factor productivity (PFP) analysis indicates that the productivity improvements in labor and capital inputs associated with the reforms are approximately 26% and 45% respectively. The effect of the reforms on fuel expense is weakly significant, but there is evidence of significant productivity improvement in fuel usage. Further total factor productivity (TFP) analysis shows that the efficiency gain from the reforms is still significant when the substitution effect of labor and capital inputs are considered, though the magnitude is much lower than that of the PFP analysis. The effect of the reforms on technical efficiency becomes weakly significant when fuel expense is further included in TFP analysis, but a significant positive effect is expected if fuel input is measured in physical quantity.     

Energy efficiency,productivity and exporting: Firm-level evidence in Latin America

This work explores the relationship between energy efficiency, productivity and exporting for a sample of firms located in thirty Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries. This relationship has not been studied in depth although it is important and relevant to policymaking. We apply a standard constant returns to scale Cobb-Douglas production function with labor, capital, and knowledge expanded to exports and energy efficiency. We also investigate the relationship between energy efficiency and exporting and take heterogeneity by firms and industries into account. Firm-level data come from the national representative World Bank Enterprise Survey (WBES). Our empirical analysis finds heterogeneous results by firm size and industrial sector both in the relationship between energy efficiency and productivity and between energy efficiency and exporting. These outcomes are robust to different measures of energy efficiency and controlling for heterogeneity among countries and provinces. By providing for the first time an extensive investigation of energy intensity and firm performance for such a large sample of LAC countries, this work contributes to the lively debate on LAC energy efficiency and weak productivity. By adopting a broader productivity and international trade perspective, it opens the ground to a rethinking of the priorities of energy saving policies and their environmental impacts.     

Measuring efficiency and productivity change (PTF) in the Peruvian electricity distribution companies after reforms

This paper analyzes the evolution of productivity of the electricity distribution companies in Peru, to assess whether reforms have improved the efficiency in this sector. The paper also identifies potential sources of productivity changes, based on market restructuring the electricity sector and changes in property. To do this, we rely on a set of data for 14 distribution companies, for the period 1996–2006. Our analysis suggests that improvements in the efficiency and productivity of electricity distribution in Peru have occurred, and that there is a relationship between the restructuring of distribution sector and the enhancement of productivity.     

Total-factor energy productivity growth,technical progress,and efficiency change: An empirical study of China

This article introduces total-factor energy productivity change index (TFEPI) based on the concept of total-factor energy efficiency and the Luenberger productivity index to evaluate the energy productivity change of regions in China with a total-factor framework. Moreover, the TFEPI can be decomposed into change in energy efficiency and shift in the energy use technology. According to the computation results, China’s energy productivity was decreasing by 1.4% per year during 2000–2004. The average total-factor energy efficiency improves about 0.6% per year, while total-factor energy technical change declines progressively 2% annually. The factors affecting TFEPI are also examined: (1) The east area has a higher TFEPI than the central and west area; (2) increasing the development status and electricity share of energy consumption will improve the region’s TFEPI performance, while increasing the proportion of GDP generated by the secondary industry deteriorates TFEPI of a region.     

Sources of energy productivity change in China during 1997–2012: A decomposition analysis based on the Luenberger productivity indicator

Given that different energy inputs play different roles in production and that energy policy decision making requires an evaluation of productivity change in individual energy input to provide insight into the scope for improvement of the utilization of specific energy input, this study develops, based on the Luenberger productivity indicator and data envelopment analysis models, an aggregated specific energy productivity indicator combining the individual energy input productivity indicators that account for the contributions of each specific energy input toward energy productivity change. In addition, these indicators can be further decomposed into four factors: pure efficiency change, scale efficiency change, pure technology change, and scale of technology change. These decompositions enable a determination of which specific energy input is the driving force of energy productivity change and which of the four factors is the primary contributor of energy productivity change. An empirical analysis of China's energy productivity change over the period 1997–2012 indicates that (i) China's energy productivity growth may be overestimated if energy consumption structure is omitted; (ii) in regard to the contribution of specific energy input toward energy productivity growth, oil and electricity show positive contributions, but coal and natural gas show negative contributions; (iii) energy-specific productivity changes are mainly caused by technical changes rather than efficiency changes; and (iv) the Porter Hypothesis is partially supported in China that carbon emissions control regulations may lead to energy productivity growth.     

Exergy analysis of single‐flow solar air collectors with different configurations of absorber plates

In the current study, an experimental analysis of exergy performance for different absorber plates is done. Three types of absorber plates are supplied with different fin arrangements with a variable air mass flow rate. The exergy analysis to evaluate the exergy performance of the solar air heaters uses experimental data for conventional and finned solar air collectors with different arrangements of fins. The main aim of the current study is to compare the exergy performance of the conventional solar air collector with those equipped with fins. The introducing of the fins in different arrangements enhances the absorber surface area, which leads to increased heat transfer. Also, fins induce air turbulence in the flow field, which improves the exergy performance of solar air collector. It is found that the exergy reduces and exergy efficiency enhances with increasing the airflow rate. The traditional flat absorber plate has undesirable exergy loss and exergy efficiency for all ranges of airflow rates. Thus, the flat plate collector presents the most substantial irreversibility, for which the exergy efficiency is the least. However, the results show that the exergy efficiency of inclined staggered turbulators is higher than that of in‐line and staggered turbulators. The optimal value of exergy efficiency is recorded at nearly 77% for the solar air collectors equipped with inclined staggered turbulators compared with other types of configurations.