Effect of technological spinning transitions on the properties of nickel-containing nitron fibre

Conclusions The effect of technological spinning transitions on the properties of an electrically-conducting metallized Nitron fibre has been investigated.It has been shown that in mechanical crimping the mechanical and electrically-conducting properties of a nickel-containing fibre are considerably impaired. During the spinning process, a considerable leveling out of the nickel content of the fibre and of its electrical resistance takes place.Processing of the nickel-containing fibre should be carried out with elimination of the mechanical crimping process. Thereupon the change in fibre properties takes place mainly during the process of preparing the combed lap.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 5, pp. 39–40, September–October, 1985.     

Optimization of the spinning solution preparation process in the manufacture of polyvinyl chloride fibre

Conclusions The effect of spinning solution preparation parameters on the fibre preparation process and on the properties of polyvinyl chloride fibre have been studied using the experiment planning method.It has been found that the concentration and holding time of the spinning solution exert the greatest effect on the process of washing the fibre free of dimethylformamide.An optimization of the parameters of preparing a solution for polyvinyl chloride fibre production under manufacturing conditions has been carried out.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 1, pp. 24–25, January–February, 1988.     

Structure of a biocatalyst fibre containing modified β-galactosidase

Conclusions A connection between the composition of the spinning solution intended for preparation of a biocatalyst fibre, the conditions of fibre spinning, and the porosity characteristics of the fibre structure has been established.The possibility of purposefully regulating the catalytic properties of a biocatalyst fibre by varying the fibre structure has been demonstrated.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 1, pp. 21–23, January–February, 1989.     

The role of fibre diameter in preparing a heat-bonding fibrous material

Conclusions The connection of the basic technological parameters of the spinning process with structural parameters has been established for heat-bonded fibrous materials.It has been shown that the decisive structural parameter which affects the service characteristics of heat-bonded fibrous materials to the greatest extent is the fibre diameter.An equation has been found which reflects the dependence of fibre diameter on technological spinning parameters, and which makes it possible to predict the operational properties of heat-bonded materials.VNIISV, Tver'. Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 2, pp. 37–39, March–April, 1992.     

Preparation of an anion-exchange viscose fibre by graft polymerization to cellulose during the spinning process

Conclusions The fundamental possibility of modifying viscose fibres by graft polymerization of DVPS by a continuous method during the course of spinning has been demonstrated.The fibre obtained has anion-exchange properties and has satisfactory sorptive and physico-mechanical indices, comparable with those of TsM-A2 fibre.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 2, pp. 28–30, March–April, 1987.     

Preparation of heat-stable polypropylene fibres and their properties

Conclusions A method has been developed for preparing a modified polypropylene fibre by spinning from a mixture of polypropylene and a small amount of a thermoplastic acrylonitrile copolymer which contains a functional group which forms intermolecular chemical bonds during the fibre preparation process.It has been shown that in the given method of modifying PP fibre, its heat resistance is raised by 40–50°K.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 3, pp. 51–52, May–June, 1985.     

Change in molecular weight characteristics of an aromatic copolyamide during the polycondensation process

Conclusions The change in molecular weight characteristics and in viscosimetric data during the synthesis process of an aromatic copolyamide has been analyzed. It has been found that, with rise in the degree of completion of the reaction, at definite molecular weight values the dynamic viscosity rises sharply, which indicates the presence of a significant structural component of this system.The effect of polymer molecular weight on fibre physicomechanical properties has been shown. An increase in fibre strength has been noted on increase in molecular weight from 5400 to 7300. The impairment in physicomechanical properties on further increase in polymer molecular weight is connected with difficulties in processing the strongly structured spinning solutions. Processing polymer with a high molecular weight, and, as a consequence, with an elevated dynamic viscosity requires new approaches both to spinning conditions and, possibly, also to synthesis conditions.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 2, pp. 29–30, March–April, 1989.     

Preparation of ftorlon fibre filled with manganese dioxide

Conclusions The possibility of obtaining catalytic fibres by introducing the catalyst as a filler into the structure of Ftorlon fibre has been established.Sorptive properties of Ftorlon fibre spun in the absence of filler as a function of the amount of polyethylene glycol added to a spinning solution of the fibre-forming polymer and of the spinning conditions have been investigated, as well as the morphology of the surface of the modified Ftorlon fibre.It has been discovered that, by choosing the composition of the spinning solution and the conditions of spinning Ftorlon fibre filled with manganese dioxide, it is possible to obtain a fibre having a porous structure which ensures accessibility of the filler to reagents.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 2, pp. 31–33, March–April, 1988.     

Effect of orientation stretch and of jet stretch on properties of viscose fibre spun into a bicomponent precipitation bath

Conclusions The effect of orientation stretch and of jet stretch on the technological process of preparing viscose fibre from viscoses containing added urea has been studied in spinning into a bicomponent precipitation bath containing sulfuric acid and sodium sulfate.It has been shown that increasing the air stretch to 30–40% while reducing the sulfuric acid content of the precipitation bath to 80–100 g/liter and reducing the jet stretch 8 to 20% helps to improve the properties of viscose fibre.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 4, pp. 47–48, July–August, 1989.     

Resonance and fibre formation in the process of spinning melts of flexible-chain polymers

Conclusions The reason for onset of the polymer jet stretch resonance phenomenon during the spinning process has been found.A mechanism for the uniaxial stretching of a jet of viscoelastic liquid under conditions of fibre stretching resonance has been proposed.Some features in the spinning of a polycaproamide melt have been determined.This article was published to stimulate discussion.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 1, pp. 24–26, January–February, 1990.     

Effect of aerodynamic spinning parameters and polymer properties on fibre diameter

Conclusions On the basis of theoretical calculations by a mathematical model of the process of aerodynamic spinning of polymer melts, whose adequacy has been established from experimental data, the sensitivity of final fibre diameters to change in technological spinning parameters and on the thermophysical and rheological properties of the polymer has been determined.It has been shown that among the factors which most significantly affect the final fibre diameter are the velocity of air movement in the ejector, the polymer flow rate, the temperature of the melt, the density of the melt, the viscosity anomaly, and the activation energy of viscous flow.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 5, pp. 37–39, September–October, 1988.     

Heat- and mass-exchange in spinning acetate fibres

Conclusions The process of heat- and mass-transfer have been examined in the spinning of acetate fibre. A calculation of the heat- and mass-transfer coefficients and of the diffusion coefficient has been carried out.It has been found that the fibre being spun passes through four zones in the spinning tower. Zones I and II are characterized by a high rate of mass-transfer; in these zones, 70–75% of the acetone is evaporated from the fibre. In zones III and IV, the heat-exchange process is intensified; here the heat-transfer coefficient is 1.7 to 2.0 times less than in zones I and II.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 6, pp. 23–25, November–December, 1985.     

Improving the physicomechanical properties of acetate fibres and films

Conclusions It is possible to modify acetate fibres during the spinning process by adding crosslinking agents (dimethylolethyleneurea or dimethyloldihydroxyethylurea) to the spinning solution with subsequent heat-treatment of the fibre.The modified fibres have improved elastic properties (crease resistance, resistance to double bending) while preserving their strength characteristics.Deceased.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 1, pp. 38–40, January–February, 1983.     

Rheological properties of spinning compositions for spinning biocatalyst fibre

Conclusions Rheological properties of protein-containing spinning compositions intended for spinning biocatalyst fibres have been studied.The rheological properties of these spinning compositions depend on the composition of the aqueous phase, the concentration of protein, and the modification of the protein; this is explained by a change in state of the protein at the interface and in the bulk of the aqueous phase.Modification of the protein leads to an increase in stability of the process of spinning the biocatalyst fibre by the wet method.Moscow Textile Institute. Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 1, pp. 9–11, January–February, 1987.     

Spinning of a chemisorptive sulfonic acid fibre

Conclusions Special features of spinning a fibre by the wet method from a copolymer based on acrylonitrile and sodium methallylsulfonate which are connected with dissociation and solvation of the sulfonate groups have been examined.It has been found that, to obtain a fibre with satisfactory physico-mechanical properties which assure processing into textile articles from a sulfonate-containing copolymer, it is necessary to carry out the spinning either into nonaqueous baths or into aqueous baths which contain lyophilic salts.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 3, pp. 10–12, May–June, 1988.     

Interaction of a cuprammonium cellulose solution with aqueous-organic precipitation baths

Conclusions The effect of the composition and properties of aqueous solutions of nonelectrolytes on the thermodynamics of formation of a polymer phase during the process of spinning a cuprammonium fibre by the wet method has been investigated on the basis of contemporary concepts about aqueous solutions of nonelectrolytes.It has been shown that stabilization of the water structure by the nonelectrolyte and increase in H-bonding between the water molecules and the nonelectrolyte aids in the formation of fibres with higher physicomechanical properties.The suggestion has been made that it is possible to predict the composition of the aqueous-organic precipitation bath on the basis of contemporary concepts about the structure of aqueous solutions of nonelectrolytes.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 2, pp. 44–46, March–April, 1985.     

Effect of surface-active substances on the fibre-forming process and properties of nitron fibre

Conclusions The effect of surface-active agents on the surface tension of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) spinning solutions has been studied.It has been found that introducing SAS into the precipitation bath increases fibre-formation stability. The use of SAS as modifying additives to the spinning solution and into the precipitation bath leads to an increase in the uniformity of spun fibre properties.The possibility of reducing the linear density of Nitron fibres on introducing SAS into the spinning solution and the precipitation bath has been demonstrated.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 3, pp. 24–26, May–June, 1985.     

Some features of spinning hollow fibres from polycarbonatesiloxane melts

Conclusions The following parameters have been determined as a result of calculations: fibre tension, solidification path length, and the change along the spinning path of the following: stretching stresses, speed, radius, wall thickness, and fibre temperature.It has been shown that, with increase in take-up speed, the length of the section of fibre deformation is reduced, varying practically proportionally to the flow rate of the polymer system.Stability of the process of spinning hollow fibres from polycarbonatesiloxane melts is assured within a narrow range of stretching force.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 3, pp. 41–43, May–June, 1989.     

Spinning cellulose acetate fibres in a nitrogen stream

Conclusions Results of studies on the spinning of acetate yarn in a current of nitrogen, at elevated concentrations of acetone vapor in the vapor-gas mixture in the spinning tower, have been presented.It has been shown that when acetate yarn is spun under the indicated conditions, the physicome chanical properties of the fibre are improved and the residual acetone content of the freshly spun yarn is reduced.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 1, pp. 28–29, January–February, 1984.     

Operative analysis of the stability of a spinning process based on methods of sample recognition

Conclusions An algorithm has been developed for operative analysis of the stability of the spinning process which is based on methods of sample recognition.A type program assurance has been recommended for use in the ACS TP for man-made fibre plants.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 5, pp. 36–38, September–October, 1986.