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《化学工业与工程技术》2022,(1):14-18
采用热处理法合成了g-C_3N_4,通过光照沉积法将MoS_2原位沉积到g-C_3N_4表面的活性位点,制备了MoS_2/g-C_3N_4复合光催化剂,采用XRD、XPS和BET对MoS_2/g-C_3N_4复合光催化剂的结构进行了表征:MoS_2负载到g-C_3N_4表面,且未改变g-C_3N_4的晶体结构,同时具有较大的比表面积。考察了MoS_2负载量、光催化剂的用量及光源强度对光催化降解H_2S性能的影响,当氙灯的功率为300W、光催化剂的用量为20 mg以及MoS_2的负载量为3%时,MoS_2/g-C_3N_4光催化降解H_2S制取H_2的活性最高,产氢速率最高可达到3 205μmol/(h·g),是纯g-C_3N_4光催化反应产氢速率的3.1倍,且表现出较好的光催化稳定性。 相似文献
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《化工设计通讯》2017,(3):111-113
以六水合氯化钴与三聚氰胺为前驱体,经改良制备方法获得一种高效率复合可见光催化剂Co-C_3N_4。通过XRD、XPS和TEM等对该催化剂的表面性质进行了表征分析。并以染料罗丹明B为模拟污染物进行了可见光催化降解研究,系统地研究了Co掺杂量对光催化速率的影响,对相关的光催化剂氧化机理进行了推理。结果表明,m(Fe)∶m(g-C_3N_4)=1%时,制备的Co掺杂g-C_3N_4表现出最佳的光催化性能,45min内罗丹明B的降解率高达95.7%。Co的掺杂是以二价阳离子形式结合于C_3N_4的表面,形成了全新的异质结结构。异质结的形成降低了C_3N_4晶体的带隙能,提高了C3N4对可见光的吸收,抑制了光生电子空穴对的复合,从而提高了C_3N_4的光催化性能。 相似文献
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光催化制氢是一种很有前景的产氢技术,通过优化光催化产氢工艺来提高产氢效率,具有很重要的现实意义。本研究在合成Ag~+/g-C_3N_4的基础上,以Ag~+/g-C_3N_4为催化剂来光解水制氢,并对其产氢工艺进行了优化。结果发现,当Ag~+离子掺杂量为5%,Ag~+/g-C_3N_4用量为8g/L,Na_2SO_3为牺牲剂,3%H_2PtCl_6为助催化剂的情况下,在反应体系pH值为7,反应25h,催化剂使用3~4次的条件下,光解水制氢反应的产氢量最大能达258.8μmol/g。因此,Ag~+/g-C_3N_4能有效地进行光解水制氢,具有潜在的应用前景。 相似文献
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g-C_3N_4是较为理想的非金属光催化剂之一,但其存在光生电子-空穴复合严重、光催化效率低下等缺点,严重影响了g-C_3N_4在光催化和能源领域内的应用,对其改性,提高光催化效率,就变得尤为迫切。通过高温法将混有Fe~(3+)的g-C_3N_4再次热处理制备Fe~(3+)/g-C_3N_4,并采用X射线衍射分析、X射线光电子能谱、紫外-可见漫反射光谱等对其进行了表征,并以Fe~(3+)/g-C_3N_4为催化剂光解水制氢。结果发现,该法成功制取了Fe~(3+)/g-C_3N_4,其产氢效率较g-C_3N_4提高2倍,达到158.1μmol/(g·h),说明Fe~(3+)掺杂g-C_3N_4能有效地提高氮化碳光催化制氢能力,具有潜在的应用价值。 相似文献
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以一步法原位合成了g-C_3N_4/ZnO异质结复合材料,评价其在可见光下降解亚甲基蓝(MB)的光催化活性,并探讨了g-C_3N_4/ZnO的光催化机制。运用XRD、FTIR、SEM和UV-Vis DRS对所合成的复合材料进行表征。结果表明,经复合后g-C_3N_4和ZnO紧密结合,构建了异质结,提高了光生电子空穴的分离效率,并且在可见光区表现出较强的光响应性;当g-C_3N_4的质量分数为19%时,复合材料g-C_3N_4/ZnO降解MB的反应速率常数为0.020 6 min-1,是纯g-C_3N_4的3.8倍。催化剂重复使用5次,仍保持较高的光催化活性。 相似文献
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《中国陶瓷》2016,(8)
采用微波溶剂热法和简单的固相热分解反应成功制备了g-C_3N_4/BiFeO_3/BiFeO_3复合可见光催化剂,利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射光谱仪(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FT-IR)和紫外可见漫反射光谱(UV-Vis DRS)等技术对所制备的催化剂进行了表征。结果显示,复合可见光催化剂保持BiFeO_3的钙钛矿结构,g-C_3N_4/BiFeO_3只是复合在BiFeO_3的表面,没有改变BiFeO_3的晶体结构;UV-Vis DRS测试显示,g-C_3N_4/BiFeO_3/BiFeO_3的吸收带边发生了红移,可见光吸收能力得到提升。g-C_3N_4/BiFeO_3和BiFeO_3形成的异质结结构,很好地抑制了光生电子-空穴对的复合率;以罗丹明B为目标降解物,研究了催化剂的可见光催化性能。结果表明,g-C_3N_4/BiFeO_3和BiFeO_3的复合可以显著地提高催化剂的可见光催化活性;在g-C_3N_4/BiFeO_3的掺入量为15%时,g-C_3N_4/BiFeO_3/BiFeO_3对罗丹明B的可见光催化降解率可以达到93.62%。 相似文献
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《化工学报》2016,(11)
以KCl、Bi(NO3)3和类石墨氮化碳(g-C_3N_4)为前体,采用水热法成功制备了Bi OCl/g-C_3N_4异质结光催化剂,并进行可见光催化还原CO_2,考察了催化剂的活性及稳定性,同时研究BiOCl:g-C_3N_4(摩尔比)、催化剂用量和光照强度对光催化还原CO_2的影响。结果表明,在水蒸气的存在下,Bi OCl/g-C_3N_4较纯BiOCl和g-C_3N_4具有更高的光催化还原CO_2活性,在催化剂用量为0.1 g,光照强度为2.413×10-6 einstein·min-1·cm-2,Bi OCl:g-C_3N_4摩尔比为1:1的异质结催化剂显示了最高的光催化还原CO_2活性,且可见光催化剂在5次套用实验后其活性基本不变。基于X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、比表面积测试(BET)和紫外-可见(UV-vis)吸收光谱表征,可以推断Bi OCl和g-C_3N_4之间形成的p-n结能有效分离光生电子和空穴,是增强光催化剂活性的主要原因。 相似文献
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近十年来,由于大规模水泥厂窑尾塔架跨度大,单根梁柱的内力大,钢结构梁柱和钢管混凝土柱因其特有的性能优势得到了广泛的应用。结合近30年的工程实践,总结了新型干法水泥窑窑尾塔架设计的结构选型,分析了在不同背景条件下窑尾塔架各种结构形式的适用范围和性能特点。 相似文献
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Conductive polymer composites (CPCs) for electromagnetic interference shielding have received significant attention and shown rapid development. According to the electromagnetic wave interface conduction theory of Schelkunoff, excellent conductive performance and perfect conductive network structure are prerequisites for high shielding efficiency of electromagnetic interference shielding composites. Effective multiple interface reflection absorption, dielectric loss, and hysteresis loss characteristics of the materials are crucial for realizing the regulation of the electromagnetic interference shielding performance of CPCs. Therefore, the structural design of conductive and magnetic network for CPCs is crucial for achieving high shielding performance. In this study, it is established that an electromagnetic shielding composite with a uniform structure is widely used because of its simple preparation process, but its inefficient conductive network causes a high percolation threshold. The inefficiency can be solved by designing a composite structure and improving the efficiency of the conductive network. Currently, common structural designs include segregated structural, layered structural, and foam structural designs. These structural designs effectively solve the problem of high percolation threshold of CPCs and coordinate the contradiction between the performance of electromagnetic interference shielding and other advantages. 相似文献
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The poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET)/isotactic polypropylene (iPP) in situ microfibrillar blends have been prepared through a “slit die extrusion-hot stretch-quenching” process, in which PET assumes microfibrils with 0.5-15 μm in diameter depending on the hot stretching ratios (HSR, the area of the transverse section of the die to the area of the transverse section of the extrudate). The injection molded specimens of virgin iPP and the PET/iPP blends were prepared by conventional injection molding (CIM) and by shear controlled orientation injection molding (SCORIM), respectively. The effect of shear stress and PET phase with different shape on superstructures and their distribution of injection molded microfibrillar samples were investigated by means of small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and wide angle X-ray scattering (WAXS). The shear (or elongational) flow during CIM and SCORIM can induce oriented lamellae (i.e. kebabs induced by shish). The shish-kebab structure appears not only in the skin and intermediated layers of CIM samples, but also in the whole region of SCORIM samples. For the neat iPP samples, a more “stretched” shish-kebab structure with higher orientation degree can be obtained in the interior region (intermediate and core layers) by the SCORIM method; moreover, the SCORIM can result in the growth of β-form crystal both in intermediate layer and in core layer, which only appears in intermediate layer of the neat iPP samples obtained by CIM. For the PET/iPP blends, interestingly, the addition of microfibrils as well as their aspect ratios can affect the orientation degree of kebabs only in the intermediate layers, and the addition of microfibrils with a low aspect ratio can bring out a considerable increase in the orientation degree of kebabs along the flow direction. However, for the SCORIM, the addition of microfibrils seems to be a minor effect on the orientation degree of kebabs, and it tends to hamper the formation of a more “stretched” shish-kebab structure and suppresses the growth of β-form crystal distinctly. Furthermore, It appears from experiment that γ-form crystals can grow successfully in this oriented iPP melt with the synergistic effect of shear and pressure only when the growth of β crystals can be restrained by some factors, such as the PET dispersed phase and thermal conditions (cooling rate). 相似文献
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涂料技术发展趋势与产品结构调整 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
阐述了改革开放30年来我国涂料行业技术进步,结合国际国内经济环境的变化,以及在经济发展转型期涂料技术的发展如何适应市场需求,在企业总体发展战略转型形势中技术创新和产品结构调整的方向。 相似文献
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Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3基陶瓷固相反应中的相变过程 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:4
用两次合成工艺,按Pb(Zn_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_3(PZN)的化学计量比合成的陶瓷为一种立方焦绿石相和PbO的混合物,其中立方焦绿石相为主晶相。该焦绿石结构的分子式为Pb_2ZnNb_2O_8,Fd3m空间群,Z=6,α=10.62(?)。在PZN基陶瓷中引入钙钛矿结构的子晶(如BaTiO_3),将促进其周围的Pb_2ZnNb_2O_8与PbO结合,形成钙钛矿结构的Pb(Zn_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))O_3。 相似文献