转发欺骗干扰对卫星导航接收机载波环的影响研究

本文研究了转发欺骗干扰对卫星导航接收机载波跟踪环的影响。推导出在存在转发欺骗条件下卫星导航接收机载波跟踪环输出的相位误差公式，分析了不同强度的转发欺骗干扰对卫星导航接收机跟踪环路的作用，得出了使卫星导航接收机跟踪环路失锁转发欺骗干扰所需的最小功率强度。通过试验验证了本文分析结论的正确性。     

用频装备带内双频窄谱电磁辐射阻塞干扰效应预测模型

针对传统单频连续波电磁辐射敏感度试验方法无法满足用频装备多辐射源共同作用下复杂电磁环境适应性评估的技术需求，本着有限目标的原则，对用频装备在带内双频窄谱电磁辐射作用下的阻塞干扰效应预测问题进行了研究.从用频装备单频和调幅连续波敏感度试验数据出发，基于用频装备带内电磁能量耦合及共性干扰、损伤作用机理分析，研究了有效值敏感和峰值敏感两类用频装备带内双频窄谱电磁辐射阻塞干扰效应预测模型并提出了预测方法，给出了受试用频装备适用预测模型的判定方法，并以某型超短波通信电台为受试对象，试验验证了模型及方法的有效性.研究结果表明:本文提出的模型和方法可有效应用于用频装备在带内双频电磁辐射作用下的阻塞干扰效应预测和评估.     

一种矢量跟踪环路及其抗干扰性能分析

针对GPS信号在接收端的功率较弱,接收机在载噪比低的环境中很容易受到其他信号的干扰,该文提出一种基于矢量跟踪环路的接收机设计方法,在跟踪环路环节对干扰信号进行抑制。以实际的伪距、伪距率误差为状态量,量测得到的伪距、伪距率误差为观测量构建跟踪环路滤波器,利用更新后的接收机位置,计算出接收机与可视卫星间的观测矢量,完成闭合反馈回路。接收机的信号跟踪与导航解算部分融合一体,改变了传统接收机的结构。对比分析标量和矢量跟踪环路的预测伪距方差,来研究矢量跟踪环路对干扰信号的抑制性能。采用实际卫星星历进行仿真实验,验证了矢量跟踪环路比标量跟踪环路的预测伪距方差小,抗干扰能力强。     

“北斗”B2频段导航信号伪码跟踪性能分析

与传统卫星导航信号体制不同,新一代“北斗”B2频段导航信号采用了交替二进制偏移载波调制（AltBOC）体制,因此伪码跟踪性能也与传统信号体制有较大差异。首先介绍了AltBOC调制信号原理及特点,然后根据码跟踪精度理论比较了新型调制信号与传统信号体制的性能差异,分析了不同鉴相器时B2频段信号的码跟踪误差,并对不同相关器间隔、环路带宽、前端带宽、载噪比环境条件下的伪码跟踪误差进行了仿真分析。仿真结果表明,提高信号载噪比、射频前端带宽或减小相关器间隔、环路带宽均能减小码跟踪误差。研究结果对新一代“北斗”导航信号新体制性能的评估以及“北斗”导航接收机的系统设计具有一定指导意义。     

通信电台带外双频干扰预测模型与试验

当电台处于外界复杂电磁环境中,会有多种频率的干扰信号同时作用,如果信号强度足够,即便落于带外也有可能造成电台阻塞,使其接收不到有用信号而失去作战效能.带外信号造成接收机阻塞所需的能量高,利用矢量法将有用信号和干扰信号进行矢量叠加,通过推导得到相应的干扰预测模型.利用两套独立的干扰发射系统进行双频干扰试验,试验前要对试验系统进行调整,之后再分别以误码率0.1和受试电台接收不到链路测试作为临界干扰判别标准进行两次试验,试验结果表明以上模型能够预测受试设备是否达到临界干扰状态,预测误差在2dB以内,同时以上两种临界干扰标准均适用.     

GPS/Galileo卫星导航接收机射频前端设计

本文阐述了 GPS/Galileo 卫星导航接收机射频前端的设计方法。首先提出了卫星导航接收机射频前端设计中的几个关键指标,然后详细说明了射频前端具体电路的设计方法,最后给出了实际电路的测试结果。     

抗干扰导航接收机射频前端线性度优化设计

针对干扰条件下无自动增益控制(AGC)电路的卫星导航接收机射频前端的设计,在给定A/D采样芯片和混频器的条件下,根据抗干扰需求,提出了线性度指标的优化设计方法,得出了各级电路的增益、1dB压缩点、三阶交调截点和噪声系数的求解方法,以此指导器件选型。根据此优化设计方法,设计了某卫星导航系统的一种接收机射频前端,达到预期抗干扰效果,证明此方法有效可行。     

GNSS接收机跟踪环路结构和特性分析

分析了全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)接收机标准(标量)跟踪环路、基于卡尔曼滤波估值的跟踪环路、矢量跟踪环路、INS辅助的跟踪环路以及INS辅助的可配置跟踪环路等跟踪环路的结构和特性及实现的算法复杂性,给出了一种典型的VDFLL实现方法,指出了在不同的应用环境中应采用不同的跟踪环路以使GNSS接收机性能价格比达到最优。     

探讨北斗卫星导航接收机跟踪环技术设计与分析

文章主要针对北斗卫星导航接收机跟踪环技术进行分析,首先就北斗卫星导航系统组成以及北斗卫星导航接收机工作原理进行分析,在分析的基础上提出多径效应问题,针对多径效应提出北斗卫星导航接收机循环跟踪环技术,希望提高导航定位精度。     

基于GNSS多通道跟踪接收机的阵列反欺骗方法

近年来,基于阵列天线的空域处理方法被认为是最有效的欺骗检测和抑制手段之一。提出了一种基于卫星导航接收机多通道跟踪能力的阵列反欺骗方法。多通道跟踪接收机对每一个捕获到的导航信号在所有阵元通道后均进行跟踪处理并提取信号幅度和载波相位观测量,首先计算载波相位双差平方和进行欺骗检测,然后利用载波相位单差和信号幅度比估计信号导引矢量,从而进行基于子空间投影的欺骗信号抑制或基于波束形成的真实卫星信噪比提升。理论分析和仿真试验证明,该方法可有效检测并消除同一来向的欺骗信号且不影响真实卫星信号质量。由于前端非理想因素带来的幅度和相位偏移都已包含在接收机跟踪通道提取的观测量内,实际应用时对阵列天线校准和射频通道均衡的要求明显降低。     

A low power direct conversion receiver RF front-end with high in-band IIP2/IIP3 and low 1/f noise

A low power direct-conversion receiver RF front-end with high in-band IIP2/IIP3 and low 1/f noise is presented. The front-end includes the differential low noise amplifier, the down-conversion mixer, the LO buffer, the IF buffer and the bandgap reference. A modified common source topology is used as the input stages of the down-conversion mixer (and the LNA) to improve IIP2 of the receiver RF front-end while maintaining high IIP3. A shunt LC network is inserted into the common-source node of the switching pairs in the down-conversion mixer to absorb the parasitic capacitance and thus improve IIP2 and lower down the 1/f noise of the down-conversion mixer. The direct-conversion receiver RF front-end has been implemented in 0.18 μm CMOS process. The measured results show that the 2 GHz receiver RF front-end achieves +33 dBm in-band IIP2, 21 dB power gain, 6.2 dB NF and −2.3 dBm in-band IIP3 while only drawing 6.7 mA current from a 1.8 V power supply.     

超高频射频识别阅读器的高线性低噪声前端

根据超高频段射频识别的协议要求、结合论文所提出的正交直接变频无线收发机架构,对阅读器接收路径所需的系统噪声系数、输入线性度要求做出分析。给出了同时具有低噪声系数、高线性度特点的三级紧凑式射频前端,该电路能够承受标签背散射机制所引起的大信号带内自阻塞干扰。电路采用IBM 0.18μm CMOS 7RF工艺制作,当从3.3V的电源电压上抽取6.9mA电流时,该射频前端可以获得13dBm的输入线性度与23 dB的最大噪声系数。     

Hardware nonlinearities in digital TV broadcasting using OFDMmodulation

FFT-based coded orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (COFDM) is one of the techniques for digital TV broadcasting over multipath fading channels. A FFT-based OFDM signal is subject to various hardware nonlinearities in both the transmitter and receiver. Hardware nonlinearities not only affect the in-band performance of an FFT-based OFDM system but also may affect the system performance of an adjacent channel signal because of regenerated sidelobes of the transmitted signal. The paper investigates the in-band and out-of-band behaviour of a 64QAM-OFDM system under various nonlinear devices. It is shown that the inherent signal clipping in the IFFT processors with a limited word length reduces the required RF amplifier output backoff (OBO) where adjacent channel interference is the limiting factor. For a 0.25% clipping rate, an additional 2 dB OBO is required for the COFDM signal to achieve the same level of adjacent channel interference as for the single carrier system. The loss in SNR due to signal clipping is negligible in a coded OFDM system     

Analysis and Design of an Integrated Notch Filter for the Rejection of Interference in UWB Systems

A 0.13-mu m CMOS fourth-order notch filter for the rejection of the 5-6 GHz interference in UWB front-ends is reported. The filter is integrated into an analog front-end for Mode #1 UWB. A thorough analysis based on a simplified model of the filter is carried out. An algorithm for the automatic tuning and calibration of the filter is also discussed and demonstrated. Two versions of the circuit are designed and fabricated: the first comprises a low-noise amplifier and the filter, and the second expands it to a complete front-end. In the latter version the filter was also redesigned. The filter provides more than 35 dB of attenuation and has a tuning range of 900 MHz, adding less than 30% power consumption to the LNA. The out-of-band IIP3 (higher than -13.2 dBm with the filter off) takes a 9-dB advantage from the filter and the compression of the gain due to the out-of-band blocker is reduced by at least 6 dB in the complete front-end. The conversion gain of the front-end is 25 dB per channel, its average noise figure is lower than 6.2 dB, and its in-band 1-dB compression point is higher than - 30 dBm at a power consumption of 32 mW.     

A Reconfigurable Narrow-Band MB-OFDM UWB Receiver Architecture

This paper presents an analysis on the receiver front-end architectures for multiband orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing ultra-wide-band (UWB) terminals. An interference analysis is carried out in order to derive the main linearity specifications of the receiver front-end. A reconfigurable narrow-band architecture is introduced that can best cope with the main challenges of the UWB receivers: broadband impedance matching and high out-of-band linearity. Simulation results show that linearity requirements can be achieved with sizeable margin.     

Monolithic above-IC resonator technology for integrated architectures in mobile and wireless communication

This paper demonstrates the feasibility of an above-IC bulk acoustic wave technology for wireless applications. A double-lattice bulk acoustic wave (BAW) filter with balanced input and output has been designed and integrated as a post-process directly above 0.25 /spl mu/m BiCMOS wafers comprising RF circuits. This filter, featuring moderate insertion loss of -3dB and extreme out-of-band rejection (>-50 dB) is used in a simplified RF front-end receiver for the WCDMA standard, as well as in a new type of filtering LNA comprising two broadband amplifiers and one BAW filter.     

Code tracking performance analysis of GNSS signal in the presence of CW interference

Continuous wave (CW) interference can cause severe performance degradation of global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receiver. In analysing the code tracking performance of pilot channel under CW interference, the signal spectrum consists of discrete spectral lines and the interference term of the correlator output shows the characteristics of direct current or sine. Thus the traditional assumptions that the interference obeys the Gaussian distribution and that the spectrum of the signal is continuous no longer hold. Considering this fact, this paper presents the analytic expressions of the code tracking error bound for the early-minus-late power (EMLP) discriminator and the dot-product (DP) discriminator. The derived expressions can be used to assess the susceptibility of code tracking performance under CW interference for the pilot channel of GNSS signals. Then the GPS L5 signal is taken as an example of the application of the derived mathematic expressions. The effects of finite front-end bandwidth, correlator spacing, and discrete spectrum of pseudo-random noise (PRN) code on performance are discussed. It is shown that the code tracking performance can be improved by choosing proper receiver parameters and some of the L5 codes are more vulnerable to the interference compared with the average level.     

基于射频前端的动态频谱共享无线通信系统工作信道选择分析

由于有主用户信号的存在和部分射频器件具有不可消除的非线性特性,将在射频接收机前端中产生三阶交调等干扰信号。为了减小干扰信号的影响,从射频接收机前端的角度分析了主用户信号对动态频谱共享无线通信系统的干扰特性,得出了频谱共享无线通信系统工作信道的选择约束条件,遵循此约束条件可以降低干扰信号带来的负面影响,保障频谱共享无线通信系统的通信质量。最后,在UHF频段动态频谱共享无线通信系统中,实验验证了工作信道选择约束条件的有效性。