基于神经网络的光纤光栅电流传感器的温度补偿

分析了光纤光栅电流传感器的温度特性,表明传感器的输出受环境温度的影响大且很难消除。利用神经网络具有可以逼近任意非线性函数的特点,提出了用人工神经网络对光纤光栅电流传感器进行温度补偿的方法,实现传感器输出特性的非线性校正。通过Matlab语言编程仿真实验表明,该方法可以有效地消除温度的影响。     

基于STM32单片机的微电网模拟系统设计

本系统主要由主控电路和三相逆变电路模块组成。采用DC直流电源供电,STM32单片机输出一个模拟量,控制EG8030输出SPWM波,经三相对称整流桥输出三相交流到三相对称Y型负载。采用电流互感器和电压互感器进行电流、电压采样,反馈到单片机形成闭环控制,采集到的数据可实时液晶显示。逆变器1和逆变器2并联到母线,实现共同向负载输出功率,负载可调整。     

全光纤电流互感器控制电路设计

论述了全光纤电流互感器检测和控制原理,以单片FPGA为控制核心设计了全光纤电流互感器信号检测与控制硬件电路,并对关键部件指标和检测控制方法进行了分析和讨论。结合前端光纤电流传感头搭建了全光纤电流互感器装置。经实验测试,其在额定一次电流100 A~4 000 A范围内均实现了0.2 S级测量准确度,满足电力电网对电流互感器测量准确度的要求。     

发光及显示器件光电特性测试系统设计

为了提高发光及显示器件光电特性测量实验的智能化程度,减小人为误差,并考虑工作温度对其光电特性的影响,设计了一种能够自动、同步测量发光体亮度、温度、伏安特性和寿命的系统。系统主要由LS-110型亮度计、GPD-3303型电源、自制的温度测量模块及测量软件四部分组成。基于实验室虚拟仪器工程平台,利用亮度计对器件的亮度进行测量,利用单片机和温度传感器对器件的温度进行测量,通过上位机程序控制电源步进输出、读取实际输出电流值和电压值,并将采集到的数据发送到上位机,实时绘制出了亮度-电压、电流-电压、温度-电压、亮度-温度、电流-温度、亮度-电流特性曲线。系统目前可以同时对器件的亮度、温度和伏安特性进行自动测量和直观显示,并且具备自动保存数据和图像的功能,实现了发光及显示器件光电特性测量的智能化,具有综合性强、精确度及自动化程度高、操作简易等特点。     

特高压直流电流互感器装置设计及校验技术研究

为了解决互感器装置功耗大、绝缘性能差,且现场校验误差大的问题,设计一种全新型特高压直流电流互感器装置,并提出相应校验技术。根据磁感应强度、磁通密度确定线圈铁芯的材料;采用多模光纤完成光纤传输信道的传输;以能耗最小,能量转换率最大为目的确定互感器装置供能方式,完成互感器装置设计。采用模拟电压方式输出设计的装置电压,若输出电压为一次电压,则采用差值技术完成校验,若输出电压为二次电压,则使用直接检测技术完成校验。实验结果表明,所提设计能够降低互感器装置功耗,并能够及时校正互感器装置偏差,并能保证校验效率,确保特高压输电系统作业环境的安全。     

一种光纤荧光光谱测温方法的研究

基于光纤荧光的测温机理介绍了一种温度测量系统的构成。系统采用Cr3+:YAG晶体作为荧光材料,蓝色发光二极管激励光源。经光纤将荧光信号输出,输出频率被输入到单片机系统中,单片机计算出荧光寿命,进而得到目标温度值。该系统对温度的测量具有准确度高、抗电磁干扰、分辨率高等特点,并且可以结合相关计算机技术和数据采集单片机系统实现通讯控制,操作简单,可以及时测量并存储数据,提高了系统的智能化。利用该装置通过检测荧光物质寿命实现了高精度温度测量,其误差小于±5℃。     

基于PT100的高精度温度测量电路的设计

普通四线制恒流源驱动测温系统受温度电流漂移等影响,温度测量准确率很低,很难超过0.1℃量级.基于PT100设计了一种改进的恒流源驱动四线制高精度温度测量电路,通过采样温度稳定系数高的高精密电阻的电压和铂电阻电压的比值,消除了恒流源由于温度漂移等因素影响的电流变化,使得输出电压比值与铂电阻成良好的线性关系.利用LTC2492A/D转换器对信号进行采样,将信号传送给ATMEGA32单片机,单片机进行数据处理并保存和显示数据.实验测试结果表明,该电路温度测量的精度和稳定性均可以达到5‰之内,与理论值一致.     

一种线上设置线下检测的LED电源测量仪的设计

为了加强LED电源的老化测试效率,本文提出用户可以根据LED电源测量质量要求通过上位计算机确定的上下限电流数据发送到下位测试器中去。根据用户用途模拟选择主要影响LED电源烧毁的电击振荡、电弧(静电)放电、开关动合、电压瞬变等环境下的四种特定频率通过晶闸管切换4路不同电压模拟产生浪涌电流经电流互感器初级绕组进入LED电源输入回路,并在电流互感器次级绕组经RMS-DC转换成直流信号后送进单片机在液晶屏上显示输出电流轨迹曲线,结合上位计算机传来的电流上、下限数据判定LED电源质量的好坏,并把检测的合格率通过无线模块传回上位计算机里实现无线监控质量检测。     

光纤光栅传感器中磁场测量稳定性研究

为了减小光纤光栅磁场传感器中线性双折射和入射起偏角对系统稳定性的影响,提高测量系统的准确性,提出一种减小线性双折射和起偏角大小对系统输出影响的设计方案。研究了基于法拉第效应的光纤光栅磁场传感器系统,得出系统输出电压与磁场的关系式,并通过降低线性双折射和确定入射起偏角改善了系统的输出特性。仿真表明:该方法可以有效抑制测量过程中线性双折射造成的非线性关系,从而提高磁场测量的稳定性。     

脉宽调制程控恒流源的设计

介绍了程控恒流源电路的设计。该程控恒流源电路的原理是由单片机片内定时器输出的脉宽调制信号产生可控的电压输出,并用该电压控制恒流源产生可控电流,通过单片机的键盘接口对输出电流进行设定,从而实现输出电流的连续调节与电流的动态测量,采用该程控恒流源电路进行了气敏元件烧结、老化装备设计,保证了气敏元件的产品质量。     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.     

Editorial: Special issue on recent advances in hybrid control theory and applications

正The demands of a rapidly advancing technology for faster and more accurate controllers have always had a strong influence on the progress of automatic control theory.In recent years control problems have been arising with increasing frequency in widely different areas,which cannot be addressed using conventional control techniques.The principal reason for this is the fact that a highly competitive economy is forcing systems to operate in regimes where     

Information for Authors

正Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)areedited by the international board of distinguished Chinese andforeign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest devel-opments and achievements in scientific research in China andoverseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulateand promote academic exchange between Chinese and for-eign scientists everywhere.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.