TA氧化残渣中钴锰催化剂的回收

开发了一种从 TA氧化残渣中回收钴锰催化剂的新工艺。该工艺采用酸性水抽取与离子交换净化相结合的方法 ,与以往工艺相比 ,具有回收的产品质量好、回收工艺简单等优点。     

PTA装置氧化残渣回收流程

介绍了一种从TA氧化残渣中回收分离苯甲酸、对苯二甲酸、对甲基苯甲酸、间苯二甲酸和钴锰催化剂的工艺。按照此工艺能够分离出86%的苯甲酸、81%的间苯二甲酸外卖,回收82%的对苯二甲酸、79%的对甲基苯甲酸和95%的钴锰催化剂回TA母液罐进行回用。与以往工艺相比,采用本工艺具有回收的产品品质好,收率高等优点,大大减少了污染物排放。     

Amoco法TA生产工艺的改进

文中概述了80年代以来,Amoco法TA生产技术的改进情况;并结合扬子石化公司化工厂TA生产装置工艺的改造,评述了Amoco法PX氧化制TA工艺的中、低温氧化法的开发与进展,指出了催化剂的选择、配方及其在反应物料中的浓度是工艺改造,实现降温操作,提高反应收率和装置的总生产能力的重要因素。     

回收PX氧化催化剂的再生研究

针对化学沉淀法回收的对二甲苯(PX)氧化制备对苯二甲酸(PTA)中的钴、锰催化剂不能完全利用的问题,采用氧化分解对回收后的钴、锰催化剂进行再生,考察了各种工艺条件对钴、锰催化剂再生率的影响。结果表明,回收PX氧化催化剂再生的适宜工艺条件为:反应温度为240℃,反应时间为70 min,氧含量为9%,空速为1400 h-1,反应压力为2.2 MPa,此时的回收钴、锰催化剂的再生率分别为95.36%和98.55%。     

TA201-2 型催化剂在卡萨利氨合成装置应用浅谈简

叙述了卡萨利轴径向氨合成塔工艺流程及其特点,以及TA201—2-H预还原型、TA201—2氧化型氨合成催化剂的裴填过程,对催化剂升温还原情况及运行情况进行了总结。     

从对苯二甲酸的副产物中回收催化剂工艺参数的优选

根据扬子石化公司化工厂生产对苯二甲酸(TA)的工艺流程,简述了从其副产物(简称残液)中回收催化剂的方法.着重论述了回收催化剂工艺参数的优选法,并根据实验结果总结出适合于本装置的工艺参数,为本装置的技术改造提供了可靠依据.同时,也指出了存在的问题可供同类装置参考.     

湿法脱硫副产物的催化氧化回收研究现状

湿法烟气脱硫工艺中,副产物亚硫酸盐的氧化回收利用是影响工艺发展的关键。现有研究多围绕亚硫酸盐的氧化反应动力学展开,文章概述了现有脱硫工艺过程中脱硫副产物的催化氧化研究现状,并对固相催化剂应用于脱硫副产物的回收进行了展望。     

超级克劳斯硫磺回收及SCOT工艺进展技术交流

荷兰Comprimo公司于1993年11月17～18日在北京就超级克劳斯硫磺回收工艺及尾气SCOT工艺的新进展与中国有关部门进行了技术交流。1 超级克劳斯(Superclaus)工艺新进展——第 二代Si基催化剂 超级克劳斯工艺通过改进传统克劳斯工艺的控制系统及采用新开发的选择性氧化催化剂使H_2S选择性氧化为元素硫。其总硫回收率可达99％以上,明显降低尾气处理装置负荷,甚至     

DT010特种吸附树脂在己二酸装置回收工段中的应用

生产己二酸工艺中所用的铜、钒催化剂需要用树脂回收再利用。DT010树脂具有高交换容量,耐氧化性能好等优点,能满足催化剂回收工段对树脂性能要求。在生产中,催化剂回收工段要严格控制进料温度和硝酸含量,优化工艺参数,以保证铜、钒催化剂回收率和树脂使用周期。     

扬子PTA装置降温氧化改造工程设计运转情况介绍

介绍了扬子石化公司PTA装置的建设及改造设计情况。本院采用阿莫柯公司的最新技术对原设计的PX氧化制TA工程进行了改造设计。氧化反应条件由原设计的224℃,2.45MPa改为195—200℃,1.45MPa;对催化剂浓度、母液循环比做了调整。投产一年表明,设备运转正常,产品质量符合设计规定,原材料单耗明显下降,回收能量增加,经济效益显著。     

催化裂化催化剂喷雾干燥热风再循环技术

分析了催化裂化催化剂喷雾干燥尾气热风的相对湿度;在催化裂化催化剂喷雾干燥生产过程中,采用热风再循环技术;比较不同循环比下的热效率和节能效果,优化操作参数;喷雾干燥热风再循环技术提高了装置的热效率,节能效果明显。     

乳酸合成丙交酯的催化剂回收的研究

丙交酯的合成是乳酸间接法合成聚乳酸的关键步骤,该过程产生的反应底物经水解后,残余物主要有催化剂、乳酸氧化产物和高温炭化物。采用了焚烧-沉淀的方法,回收其中催化剂并对废弃物进行有效处理。利用差热/热重分析仪（DTA/TG）和X射线衍射仪（XRD）分别对热分解过程、前驱物及产物进行了表征分析。试验结果表明,该方法催化剂的回收率为98%,其方法具有工艺简单、能耗小等优点。     

粗对苯二甲酸母液中的催化剂回收再利用

对二甲苯高温液相催化氧化生成对苯二甲酸的过程需要采用Co-Mn-Br三元复合催化剂。仪征化纤股份有限公司化工厂催化剂回收系统引进了美国杜邦公司的先进技术,采用回收试剂使母液中的大部分钴和部分锰沉淀,然后通过蝶片式离心机加以分离回用。简述了该工艺的设备原理、流程及反应机理,并进行了简单的经济技术比较。结果表明,该工艺可以减少近50%的新鲜催化剂使用量,每年可节约生产成本800万元,并减少了重金属污染物的排放。     

连续重整技术发展趋势

对目前国内外连续重整技术的发展趋势以及技术进步所面临的问题进行了综述,并介绍了连续重整工艺技术和催化剂的最新进展。     

连续重整装置设计参数的选择

揭示了连续重整的反应温度、压力、空速、氢油比、催化剂循环速率的相互关系,以及催化剂、原料和产品辛烷值对这些参数的影响。通过对比现有连续重整装置的设计参数及实际运行状况,充分考虑连续重整工艺和催化剂的技术进步,对新建连续重整装置的设计参数进行了探讨。     

Optimization of the reactor–regenerator system with catalytic parallel–consecutive reactions

The system with moving deactivating catalyst, composed of a cocurrent tubular reactor and a catalyst regenerator with an additional flux of a fresh catalyst, has been investigated. For the temperature dependent catalyst deactivation, the optimization problem has been formulated in which a maximum of a process profit flux is achieved by a best choice of temperature profile along tubular reactor, best catalyst recycle ratio and best catalyst activity after regeneration. The set of parallel–consecutive reactions, A+B→R and R+B→S, with desired product R has been taken into account. A relatively unknown, powerful discrete algorithm in which a suitably defined Hamiltonian is constant along the optimal path, has been applied for optimization. The optimal solutions have been discussed. In particular, it has been shown that an increase of the unit cost of catalyst regeneration or an increase of the catalyst recycle ratio causes such optimal temperatures in reactor which save the catalyst, as the optimal temperature profiles are then shifted towards lower temperatures. Finally these profiles reach isothermal shape at the level of minimum allowable temperature and then there is no further possibility to control the reactor process by the temperature profile. Thus the catalyst activity after regeneration, as well as an average catalyst activity in the reactor do decrease when the unit catalyst regeneration cost increases. This is a new form of catalyst saving, as the catalyst deactivation rate becomes reduced when an average catalyst activity is allowed to decrease. It is important that this form of catalyst saving appears in the region where any saving of the catalyst by an optimal choice of temperature profile is impossible. It has been also shown that for small values of the catalyst recycle ratio, the catalyst regenerator should be removed from the system. In such a case, the renewal of catalyst takes place due to a fresh catalyst input, exclusively.     

结炭B-02催化剂烧炭再生本征动力学模型

以工业两段绝热床中运行近4000h的结炭B—02催化剂为研究对象,利用内循环无梯度反应器,求得催化剂烧炭再生本征动力学模型.由于催化剂中的结炭是多核芳烃,因此可简单地以碳氧化和氢氧化的动力学方程表征烧炭再生动力学模型.碳氧化动力学方程为-dN_c/N_Cdt=K_Cp_(O_2)~(0.3)(N_C/N_C)~1.3式中,一段催化剂 K_C=13.37exp[-78.97×10~3/(RT)]二段催化剂 K_C=96.54exp[-89.30×10~3/(RT)]氢氧化动力学方程为-dN_H/N_Hdt=K_H(N_H/N_H)~1.1式中,一段催化剂 K_H=0.48exp[-39.04×10~3/(RT)]二段催化剂 K_H=4.79exp[-52.03×10~3/(RT)]     

Ferrocene Redox Controlled Reversible Immobilization of Ruthenium Carbene in Ionic Liquid: A Versatile Catalyst for Ring‐Closing Metathesis

A ferrocene‐tagged ruthenium carbene 15 that can be reversibly immobilized in an ionic liquid (IL) via the controlled oxidation and reduction of a ferrocene tag was prepared. This offers a new strategy which uses redox chemistry to control immobilization and to recycle both the catalyst and the IL. In this experiment, 11 recycles were performed for the ring‐closing metathesis (RCM) of a substrate using 16 as the catalyst in an ionic liquid (IL). More importantly, after the reaction was completed, the ruthenium catalyst was easily separated from the supporting IL by just adding decamethylferrocene (DMFc) to reduce the cationic ferrocene and then extracting it with benzene. Thus, this recycle system offers an easy way to recycle both the ruthenium catalyst and the IL.     

延长TA加氢精制催化剂寿命的研究进展

综述了对苯二甲酸(TA)加氢精制过程中延长TA加氢精制催化剂寿命的方法。溶剂洗涤法、分批更换装填催化剂法、分层装填不同催化剂等是目前应用较多也较有效的延长TA加氢催化剂寿命的方法,但均存在缺陷。介绍了多活性中心催化剂和新型载体催化剂的研制情况;认为开发催化剂再生方法和研制新型的催化剂是延长TA加氢精制催化剂寿命的发展趋势。     

Influence of the process parameters on temperature conditions and productivity of multitubular reactor for methanol to formaldehyde oxidation

The results of the parametric analysis of the methanol oxidation to formaldehyde on the basis of the kinetic model of reactions on an iron-molybdenum oxide catalyst and the two-dimensional model of a multitubular reactor were reported in the paper. The results of kinetic experiments on an industrial Fe-Mo granular catalyst were given. Calculation results were compared with industrial data. The possibilities of controlling the methanol oxidation to formaldehyde in multitubular reactors at varied plant unit productivity with consideration for process restrictions were theoretically studied. The effect of parameters on the temperature and concentration conditions in reactors at different ratios of catalyst and inert material loads was studied.