羽毛角蛋白的护发效果研究

采用还原法制备的羽毛角蛋白溶液处理受损头发,研究角蛋白对头发的亲和作用和修复效果.结果表明,角蛋白对头发有良好的亲和作用,并能在受损头发表面形成光滑膜,修复毛小皮鳞片受损处,改善头发的光泽和弹性.头发涂覆角蛋白后,其卷曲保持率明显提高.角蛋白可吸收200～300nm范围内的紫外线,能有效提高头发抗紫外线的能力.     

羽毛角蛋白综合开发利用新进展

羽毛角蛋白是家禽加工企业产生的废弃物,直接丢弃不仅浪费了蛋白质资源同时也污染了环境.羽毛角蛋白的开发利用近年来引起了普遍兴趣.本文对羽毛角蛋白的提取及其应用开发研究进展进行了总结评述,指出羽毛角蛋白主要用于动物饲料、可食性包装材料和制备复合材料,也可以与其它单体共聚改性,提高材料的可生物降解性.开发非饲料用高性能羽毛蛋白复合材料和改性材料是今后这方面研究的主要方向.     

功能性角蛋白在护肤膏霜中的应用研究

介绍了一种新型功能添加剂——功能性角蛋白在护肤膏霜中的应用。分析了功能性角蛋白的来源、分子量及化学组成、主要护肤功能及其作用机理,研究了功能性角蛋白对聚丙烯酰胺/C13-14异链烷烃/月桂醇聚醚-7和黄原胶复合增稠悬浮乳化体系黏度的影响,考察了以该复合增稠方案作为增稠剂的O/W膏霜体系中功能性角蛋白对体系屈服应力的影响。结果表明,功能性角蛋白添加到护肤膏霜产品中会使产品黏度和屈服应力下降,但通过复合增稠剂的协同作用会降低其在膏霜配方应用中对体系黏度的影响。     

角蛋白／聚乙烯醇纺丝溶液流变性能的研究

采用角蛋白溶液与聚乙烯醇溶液共混制备纺丝溶液,探讨了角蛋白含量、温度、溶液浓度对纺丝溶液流变性能的影响。结果表明,不同角蛋白含量的角蛋白／聚乙烯醇纺丝溶液均为切力变稀流体;增加角蛋白含量、升高温度都有利于改善纺丝溶液的流变性和可纺性。纺丝溶液温度不超过70℃,溶液浓度不超过15％时,其流变性能较好。     

鸡毛角蛋白的制备及其护发性能

采用还原C法提取了鸡毛角蛋白,考察了反应时间和温度对角蛋白产率和黏度影响。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪对提取物进行了表征。利用透析得到的角蛋白对头发进行处理,考察了其保湿及抗紫外线的效果。结果表明:当温度70℃、时间4 h时能够制得产率和黏度均较为理想的角蛋白溶液。红外谱图表明提取物为β-折叠结构的角蛋白。经角蛋白处理后的头发具有较好的保湿性,紫外谱图表明浓度6.7 g/L的羽毛角蛋白溶液对波长200～350 nm的紫外线有较好的吸收作用。     

头发角蛋白塑料的制备和力学性能研究

将头发氧化后得到的角蛋白粉末用模压的方法制备了角蛋白塑料，考察了模压压强、模压温度、头发的氧化时间以及增塑剂水和甘油的含量等对角蛋白塑料力学性能的影响，并对其角蛋白塑料进行了热重分析和红外表征。实验结果表明随着模压压强的增大，塑料的最大拉伸强度升高，断裂伸长率降低。而模压温度对塑料的力学性能影响不大。随着氧化时间的延长，最大拉伸强度升高，断裂伸长率降低。水和甘油都是头发角蛋白塑料良好的增塑剂，水含量为26．8％或甘油含量为20％时的增塑作用最好，此时最大拉伸强度分别可达15．15MPa和25．33MPa，断裂伸长率分别为17．81％和9．65％。     

植物提取物与角蛋白复合物在沐浴液中的应用研究

研究了植物提取物和角蛋白复合物的提取工艺,测试了角蛋白在皮肤上应用的功效特点,考察了植物提取物与角蛋白复合物在沐浴液配方中应用的功效、特点及协同配伍作用。结果表明,通过植物提取物与角蛋白复合物优化组合,优选配方具有优越的增强皮肤的紧实性和弹性、营养保湿的功效,同时具有优越的稳定性。     

角蛋白材料的研究进展

综述了近年来国内外角蛋白材料的研究现状,并展望了角蛋白材料的研究与应用前景。     

羊毛角蛋白-聚乙烯醇再生纤维的结构性能表征

从废旧毛涤混纺面料中提取出羊毛角蛋白,配制角蛋白含量不同的3种纺丝液,通过静电纺丝方法得到羊毛角蛋白-聚乙烯醇(PVA)再生纤维。用扫描电镜观察、红外光谱分析及热学性能分析发现:3种羊毛角蛋白-PVA再生纤维膜中的纤维分布均匀、相互交叉,直径在230~260 nm左右;3种再生纤维的红外光谱都具有明显的角蛋白与PVA的特征;3种再生纤维膜的热稳定性差异不大。     

角蛋白膜材料的制备及改性研究进展

角蛋白是一类存在于毛发、指甲、羽毛中的可生物降解的可再生资源。本文介绍了浇铸成膜、热压成膜、静电纺丝3种常见的角蛋白成膜方法,对比分析了各种方法的特点和优势。针对单一角蛋白膜材料性能较差的不足,详细综述了通过增塑改性、化学改性以及与其他天然/合成高分子共混改性等对角蛋白膜材料的改性研究进展,指出角蛋白良好的成膜性和反应活性,使得角蛋白及其改性膜材料具有广阔的应用前景。最后提出今后的研究方向为角蛋白的高效提取、角蛋白成膜机理的研究以及膜材料的高性能化研究。     

羽毛角蛋白／聚乙烯醇共混纤维的制备与性能

采用还原法从羽毛中提取角蛋白,制得羽毛蛋白质粉,与聚乙烯醇进行湿法纺丝,制备羽毛角蛋白,聚乙烯醇共混纤维。共混纤维的力学性能测试表明：当共混纤维中羽毛角蛋白/PVA的质量比由1：9提高到3：7时,其强度由2．78cN／dtex下降到1．48eN／dtex。采用DSC、红外光谱仪、X-射线衍射仪、扫描电镜等对所得纤维的结构与形态进行了表征。结果表明：羽毛角蛋白分子和聚乙烯醇分子之间具有较好的相容性;随着羽毛角蛋白含量的增加,共混纤维表面粗糙度增加,甚至出现槽沟。     

Adsorption and desorption properties of modified feather and feather/PP melt‐blown filter cartridge of lead ion (Pb2+)

Duck and chicken feather fibers are waste products of the poultry industry, creating a serious solid waste problem around the world. Previous works showed that feather fibers can be reused to adsorb heavy metal ions from water. To improve the adsorption capacity of feather fibers, sodium pyrosulfite (Na₂S₂O₅) was used in this article to modify the feather fiber in order to improve its Pb²⁺ adsorption capacity. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) quantified chemical and structural changes of Na₂S₂O₅ modified feather fibers. In addition, Na₂S₂O₅ modified feather fibers were processed into feather/polypropylene (PP) melt‐blown filter cartridges and their dynamic Pb²⁺ adsorption properties were investigated. Finally, the desorption effects of NaOH and sodium sulfide nonahydrate (Na₂S·9H₂O) aqueous solutions on the feather fiber adsorbed with Pb²⁺ were studied. It is found that Pb²⁺ adsorption capacity of the feather fiber increased after being modified by Na₂S₂O₅. Modified feather/PP filter cartridge exhibited higher Pb²⁺ adsorption capacity than feather/PP filter cartridge and pure PP filter cartridge in the whole dynamic adsorption process. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 41555.     

Preliminary Study on Chicken Feather Protein–Based Wood Adhesives

Abstract

The objective of this preliminary study was to partially replace phenol in the synthesis of phenol-formaldehyde resin with feather protein. Feather protein–based resins, which contained one part feather protein and two parts phenol, were formulated under the conditions of two feather protein hydrolysis methods (with and without presence of phenol during hydrolysis), two formaldehyde/phenol molar ratios (1.8 and 2.0), and three pH levels (9.5, 10.5, and 11.5). Southern pine fiberboard bonded with feather protein–based resins was fabricated and bending strength, bending stiffness, internal bonding strength, and percent thickness swell were evaluated. Results indicated that the test parameters all significantly affected resin quality. The resin formulated with feather protein hydrolyzed in the presence of phenol, using a F/P ratio of 2.0, and at a pH of 10.5 performed as well as the neat PF resin. Based on our findings, feather protein is a potential cost-effective material for the production of PF-type adhesive resins.     

Nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of polypropylene composites reinforced with down feather fiber

Nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of pure polypropylene and polypropylene/down feather fiber composites were investigated using a differential scanning calorimeter at five different cooling rates. The experimental data on crystallinity versus temperature were analyzed by Avrami, Ozawa, and Liu models, respectively. The results indicated that the presence of down feather fiber served as nucleating agent and increased the onset and peak temperatures of crystallization of polypropylene/down feather fiber composites. Interestingly, polypropylene/down feather fiber composites showed a slower primary crystallization and a faster secondary crystallization than pure PP, meaning that down feather fiber retired the crystallizaiton process of PP matrix. The nucleation activity and activation energies were also calculated and agreed well with these results. Wide‐Angle X‐ray diffraction patterns indicated that down feather fiber induced the formation of β‐monoclinic crystals in polypropylene matrix. These phenomena were definitely different from the nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of polypropylene composite based on inorganic particles and organic cellulose fibers. POLYM. COMPOS., 37:3103–3112, 2016. © 2015 Society of Plastics Engineers     

角质蛋白水解提取氨基酸

以人发和鸡毛为原料水后提取Ｌ－胱氨酸利用共母液提取Ｌ－精氨酸盐酸盐。人发提取Ｌ－胱氨酸和Ｌ－精氨酸的收率分别达到７．５％和１．６％，鸡毛达１．２％和２．８％。     

文本分类中特征选择方法的研究与比较

介绍了进行文本分类的关键技术,并着重介绍了常用的文本特征提取方法。选取支持向量机方法作为文本分类器方法,选取不同特征提取方法应用于文本分类,通过实验,比较和分析了由不同的提取方法所构成的分类器的分类性能,确定了信息增益（IG）法和文本证据权（W ET）为两种性能优异的特征提取方法。该结论可为分类性能进一步的优化研究奠定理论和实践基础。     

再生羽毛蛋白纤维的研制

介绍了再生羽毛蛋白纤维的纺制工艺,对纺制纤维的理、化性能进行了测试分析,结果显示：采用氧化法制取羽毛角蛋白原液,纺丝原液中纤维素、蛋白质比例6∶4,碱的质量分数为3%,纺丝液黏度为40～60 s时,纺制出的再生羽毛蛋白纤维（2.7 dtex）干强为2.1 cN/dtex,湿强为1.8 cN/dtex,初始模量为33 cN/dtex,回潮率为13.8%,具有优良的强伸性及吸湿透汽性,同时对皮肤具有很好的亲和力。     

Graft modification of methyl acrylate onto chicken feather via surface initiated Cu(0)-mediated reversible-deactivation radical polymerization

In this study, chicken feather was functionalized with 2-Bromoisobutyryl bromide (BIBB) where methyl acrylate (MA) was grafted through Cu(0)-mediated reversible-deactivation radical polymerization (RDRP) catalyzed by copper wire. Feather-g-PMAs with three different target degrees of polymerization (Dp) were prepared fast. Besides, molecular mass of PMA was closely associated with the theoretical value; PMA also exhibited relatively low polydispersity (~1.17). The catalyst was removed through simple washing, and thus a colorless product was yielded. However, Cu(0)-mediated RDRP in the presence of the unmodified chicken feather caused the loss of control. Feather-g-PMA with a short graft chain exhibited a uniform interface coated on the feather fiber. Because the grafted PMA and the feather substrate had a strong interaction, and the graft ratio was less, there was only one stage of decomposition, and no glass transition temperature was detected. We detected a rough surface on feather-g-PMA with a longer graft chain and observed the glass transition of PMA and obviously two stages of decomposition. After densely graft, the hydrophilicity of chicken feather decreased. These feather-g-PMAs exhibited better compatibility in organic solvents (e.g., acetone and toluene). © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 48246.     

凝固条件对羽毛角蛋白／PVA初生纤维结构与性能的影响

采用还原法从羽毛中提取角蛋白,制得羽毛蛋白质粉,再将其与聚乙烯醇（PVA）共混进行湿法纺丝,制备羽毛角蛋白／PVA共混纤维;借助X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜等,研究了凝固浴温度和浓度对初生纤维力学性能、结晶结构、形态结构的影响。结果表明：较高的凝固浴浓度和凝固浴温度有利形成物理机械性能良好的初生纤维;羽毛角蛋白／PVA初生纤维的结晶度在50％左右,其结晶度和结晶尺寸受凝固浴温度和浓度的影响;可以通过改变凝固浴温度和浓度条件,得到沟槽比较浅表面光滑的初生纤维。     

Compatibilities and properties of poly lactide/poly (methyl acrylate) grafted chicken feather composite: Effects of graft chain length

Surface modified poly(methyl acrylate) (PMA) grafted chicken feather fiber was applied as a reinforcement for polylactide (PLA)-based composite film. The PMA grafted feather fiber with different PMA lengths were obtained for surface initiated Cu(0)-mediated reversible-deactivation radical polymerization. PLA-based composite films with different unmodified or PMA-grafted chicken feather fiber loading were prepared by solvent casting. Grafting PMA onto feather fiber enhanced interfacial bonding. Cracks and voids between matrix and fiber were eliminated. Thermal stability of these films also improved after introducing PMA. Feather fiber with high graft ratio showed worse dispersity in PLA due to its self-aggregation. The heterogeneous nucleation agent behavior of feather grafted with longer PMA was also suppressed. Tensile tests showed that after modification, tensile strength and modulus was able to increase twice at 20% fiber loading. However, increasing PMA length improved break elongation but strength and modulus would drop slightly. These results indicated that grafting short PMA chain onto feather fiber surface was an effective and optimized method to improve dispersity and mechanical properties especially for higher filler loading.