铁素体轧制生产超深冲冷轧板

通过铁素体轧制生产超深冲冷轧Ti-IF钢的工业试验,研究了化学成分、工艺制度对热轧IF钢金相组织、织构和第二相粒子析出的影响,分析了热轧IF钢再结晶状态与产品性能的关系,阐述了提高冷轧Ti-IF钢深冲性能的生产控制要素.试验结果表明:在采用适宜的成分、低的加热温度、高的卷取温度和铁素体区强润滑轧制时,热轧板具有粗大的二相粒子和强的{111}织构;与常规轧制相比,冷轧板的r值在横向和45.方向平均提高1.3和1.0,试验冷轧板的最高r值达到了3.23.     

Ti-IF钢铁素体区热轧退火板的织构特征和成形性能

研究了铁素体区热轧压下率和润滑条件对一种Ti-IF钢的热轧后退火钢板的力学性能的影响以及润滑条件对再结晶织构的影响.结果表明,随铁素体区压下率的增加,采用润滑轧制时Ti-IF钢的成形性能提高;另一方面,随润滑条件的改善,成形性能得到提高,而其他力学性能变化不大.织构分析表明,采用润滑轧制,可以减少试样沿厚度方向的《110》∥ND剪切织构,有利于《111》∥ND织构的生成,使有利织构的强度大大增加,因此提高了IF钢的成形性能.     

硼对Ti-IF钢力学性能及再结晶过程的影响

 研究了硼对Ti-IF钢热镀锌板组织和力学性能的影响,并从硼对冷轧后再结晶过程影响的角度解释了硼对组织性能影响的原因。利用万能试验机、光学显微镜和透射电子显微镜对不同硼质量分数IF钢热镀锌板的力学性能、组织和析出物进行检测,采用X射线衍射仪对织构取向密度进行分析,采用电子背散射衍射技术（EBSD）对镀锌板晶界取向差分布进行分析,利用显微硬度计和金相显微镜研究了硼对IF钢再结晶过程的影响。结果表明,硼质量分数在0.000 5%以内,随着硼质量分数的提高,Ti-IF钢热镀锌板铁素体晶粒尺寸降低,屈服强度和抗拉强度提高,塑性应变比降低。硼对Ti-IF钢力学性能产生影响的原因为,硼固溶于铁素体中,抑制再结晶过程,提高再结晶温度,细化铁素体晶粒尺寸,使小角度晶界比例提高,{111}织构组分降低,从而使力学性能发生变化。     

冷轧压下率对铁素体区热轧Ti-IF钢冷轧板深冲性能的影响

研究了于铁素体区润滑热轧的Ti-IF钢在随后的冷轧及退火工艺中深冲性能的变化.结果表明,在冷轧压下率为75 %时IF钢所获得的r值最高.织构分析表明,于铁素体区润滑热轧的IF钢具有较强的{111}∥ND再结晶织构组分;冷轧时采用75 %的压下率和随后的退火工艺可获得最强的{111}∥ND再结晶织构;冷轧压下率进一步增加时,{111}∥ND再结晶织构将会削弱.这种织构变化与冷轧时ND纤维晶粒内部的剪切带变化有关.     

铁素体区热轧高温卷取条件下IF钢的织构特征

 研究了铁素体区热轧高温卷取条件下，2种不同成分的IF钢的织构特征。结果表明，高温卷取后，普通Ti IF钢发生了完全再结晶，中心面和1/4面上形成了很强的<111>∥ND再结晶织构；高强Ti IF钢大部分晶粒仍处于轧制状态，只有极少部分晶粒发生了再结晶，中心面和1/4面上形成的织构组分以<110>∥RD为主，<111>∥ND再结晶织构较弱。织构分析表明，2种钢的表面织构均较弱，普通Ti IF钢表面上<001>∥ND组分占优，高强Ti IF钢表面上<110>∥ND组分强度最高。     

JSP-双机可逆冷轧条件下IF钢织构研究

针对济钢现场工艺条件下生产的Ti-IF钢,利用X’Pert ProxX射线衍射宏观织构分析方法,研究了中薄板坯热连轧轧制及随后的冷轧、退火工艺过程中织构的变化规律。IF钢冷硬板主要织构类型为{111}〈110〉、{111}〈112〉和{001}〈110〉,其中{111}〈110〉织构强度达到12;再结晶退火后的IF钢退火板,主要织构类型为{111}〈110〉和{111}〈112〉,{111}〈110〉织构强度提高到15.37。济钢生产的Ti-IF钢获得了对板材成形最有利的{111}//ND织构。     

冷轧压下量对铁素体区热轧Ti—IF钢冷轧板深冲性能的影响

研究了于铁素体区润滑热轧的Ti-IF钢在随后的冷轧及退火工艺中深冲性能的变化。结果表明，在冷轧压下量为75%时IF钢所获得的r值最高，织构分析表明，于铁素体区润滑热轧的IF钢具有较强的[111]//ND再结晶织物组分；冷轧时采用75%的压下量和随后的退火工艺可获得最强的[111]//ND再结晶织构，冷轧压下量进一步增加时。[111]//ND再结晶织构将会削弱。这种织构变化与冷轧时ND纤维晶粒内部的剪切带变化有关。     

卷取温度对Ti-IF钢第二相粒子及晶粒尺寸的影响

采用热模拟技术，研究了卷取温度对Ti-IF钢第二相粒子析出行为及晶粒尺寸的影响，结果表明，卷取温度的变化，对TiN,TiS和Ti4C2S2粒子的影响不大，但对TiC粒子的影响较大，高温卷取有利于TiC粒子的析出，长大，高温卷取有利于铁素体晶料珠长大，碳含量较高，会析出较多的TiC粒子，对退火织构的发展不利。     

Ti—IF钢铁素体区与奥氏体区轧制组织性能的差异

在实验室条件下分别进行了Ti—IF钢铁素体区与奥氏体区热轧、冷轧和退火试验。通过拉伸试验、金相观察、织构分析等比较了两种不同轧制工艺下的组织性能。试验结果表明,奥氏体区轧制下Ti—IF钢的屈服强度为157MPa,抗拉强度308MPa,延伸率49．1％,11值0．26,r值2．03;铁素体区轧制Ti—IF钢的屈服强度127MPa,抗拉强度306MPa,延伸率49．5％,n值0,31,r值2．43。与奥氏体区轧制相比,铁素体区轧制具有更低的屈服强度,高的n值,高的r值。     

铁素体区热轧Ti-IF钢的组织和性能

试验研究了含0.007%磷的普通Ti-IF(无间隙原子)钢(0.004 5%C-0.07%Ti)和含0.080%磷的高强度Ti-IF钢(0.005 2%C-0.08%Ti)24 mm板在800680℃铁素体区经4道次热轧成3 mm板,再经750℃3h退火后的组织、二相粒子和机械性能。试验结果表明,普通Ti-IF钢的拉伸强度为270 MPa,延伸率为45%,塑性应变比r值1.309,高强度Ti-IF钢的拉伸强度为315 MPa,延伸率44%,r值1.098。两钢板为再结晶铁素体组织,钢板中心组织较边部粗大,但在高强度Ti-IF钢中有FeTiP二相粒子析出。     

Benzimidazole resistance in cyathostomes in horses in the Ukraine

The efficacy of treatment with cambendazole was tested in 1-year-old horses on a farm in Dubrovka, Ukraine. Thirty-five horses were treated. Their egg output was compared on the day of treatment and 14 days later with that of 33 untreated horses. Before treatment the mean number of eggs g-1 faeces was 614 in the controls and 766 in horses that had been treated. After 14 days the mean egg output in the controls was 580 and in the treated horses 369. This means a reduction of 54.5%. Only cyathostome larvae could be cultured from faeces collected after treatment. It can be concluded that benzimidazole resistance in cyathostomes is present in the Ukraine.     

重庆高校推进产学研合作的案例分析

以重庆大学、重庆邮电大学和重庆理工大学为例,剖析重庆高校推进产学研合作的基本模式,已经取得的突出成绩,分析总结其基本经验.从完善政策法规体系、强化经济调控、建立组织机构、加强中介建设及开展国际产学研合作等方面,提出了深入推进重庆高校产学研合作的对策建议.     

Apoptosis in experimental myocardial infarction in situ and in the perfused heart in vitro

We report the appearance of apoptotic cells in experimental myocardial infarction (rabbit heart) in in situ and in vitro preparations. Apoptosis was recognized by intravital staining with Hoechst 33342 (Ho342), by nick-end labeling (TUNEL) and by DNA laddering. A steady rise in the relative number of apoptotic cardiomyocytes (apoptotic index) was noted in in situ preparations. Apoptosis was first noted 6 h after the onset of ischemia with its highest value occurring after 72 h. Apoptotic nuclei were absent in remote areas of the left and right ventricles. Apoptotic nuclei within the infarcted area showed diminished intensity of Ho342 fluorescence. Three days after ischemia, a border zone adjacent to the infarcted area consisting of apoptotic macrophages was recognized. A novel finding was the appearance of apoptotic cardiomyocytes in the isolated perfused ischemic heart. Occurring as early as 50 min after the onset of ischemia, a high apoptotic index was present adjacent to the ligature placed around the coronary artery. This observation provides the opportunity to selectively examine factors leading to apoptosis in the ischemic heart under controlled experimental conditions.     

Fractures in childhood in Khartoum

A prospective study of fractures in 231 children received at Khartoum North Teaching Hospital(KNTH) was carried out for a period of six months. The incidence of child fracture rated as one per day, then it increased from the age of 5 years onwards in boys and between 6 and 8 years in girls. Most injuries were sustained during the day time, especially between late afternoon and sunset. 82% of injured children presented to a medical facility, while 18% were taken to native healers first. Non-road traffic accidents accounted for 84% of the fractures mainly due to sports, domestic injuries and falls; whereas road traffic accidents were 16% and occurred mainly in pedestrians. Forty three percent of the fractures needed only first aid and splintage while 42% needed closed reduction. Thirty one percent of all patients were treated as inpatients. The long bones were affected in 91% of all fractures, the commonest site being the distal end of the forearm (26%), followed by supracondylar fracture of the humerus (15.6%). In the upper limb, left-sided fractures predominated. The epiphyseal injuries were 3.5% of all fractures, mainly at the distal radial epiphysis. Boys were commonly affected between 13-15 years of age. Open fractures constituted 9.8% of the series and were mainly due to traffic accidents in town dwellers, the most vulnerable bones were those of the leg and foot. Pathological fractures accounted for 2.2% and were due to bone cysts and osteogenesis imperfecta. The problem of child safety and the preventive measures need to be more stressed.     

Botulism in Poland in 1996

A model is presented in which ion translocation through the F0 part of the ATP synthase drives the rotation of the ring of c subunits (rotor) versus the a subunit (stator). The coupling ion binding sites on the rotor are accessible from the cytoplasm of a bacterial cell except for the c subunit at the interface to the stator. Here, the binding site is accessible from the periplasm through a channel formed by subunit a. In the ATP synthesis mode, a coupling ion is anticipated to pass through the stator channel into the binding site of the adjacent rotor subunit, following the electrical potential. Occupation of this site triggers, probably by electrostatic forces, the rotation of the ring. This makes the binding site accessible to the cytoplasm, where the coupling ion dissociates. Simultaneously, this rotation moves again an empty rotor subunit into the contact site with the stator, where its binding site becomes loaded and rotation continues.     

Problems in falling in love

Certain patients enter psychoanalysis because of their inability to love another person. Often they report a repetitive erotic pursuit of desired partners, without being able to experience or maintain loving feelings. Kernberg has understood such difficulties as representing effects of early narcissistic disappointments and/or of difficulties in resolving oedipal conflicts. In this paper, Lacanian concepts of the mirror phase and symbolic love are employed to develop these issues. Sexualization of problems in mirroring may be fused with oedipal conflicts in some cases. An extended vignette is presented to illustrate the technical and theoretical issues.