Preparation of TiO2 Thin Film and Its Antibacterial Activity

TiO2 nanometer thin films with photocatalytic antibacterial activity were prepared by the sol-gel method on fused quartz and soda lime glass precoated with a SiO2 layer. The thin films were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy ( XPS ), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X- ray diffraction ( XRD ). The results show that sodium and calcium diffusion into nascent TiO2 film is effectively retarded by the SiO2 layer precoated on the soda lime glass, The antibacterial activity of the films was determined. The crystalline of TiO2 nanometer thin film has important effects on the antibacterial activity of the film.     

Preparation and Properties of Ag—TiO2 Thin Films on Glass SUbstrates

Ag-TiO2 thin films were prepared on glasses.The morphology and structure of Ag-TiO2 films were investigated by XRD.SEM and FT-IR.The photocatalytic and hydrophilic properties of Ag-TiO2 thin films were also evaluated by examining photocatalytic degradation dichlorophos under sunlight illumination and the change of contact angle respectively.The research results show that the Ag-TiO2 thin film is mainly composed of 20-100nm Ag and TiO2 particles,The Ag-TiO2 thin films possess a super-hydrophilic ability and higher photocatalytic activity than that of pure TiO2 thin film.     

Preparation of Ag-doped TiO_2 Thin Film by Sol-gel Method

The Ag-TiO2 thin film has been prepared on glass substrate by sol-gel process . The structure and properties of the materials were studied by DTA , XRD, and EPR. The photocatalytic activity was examined by the photocatalytic degradation of dichlorophos. The analysis results indicate that the photocatalytic activity of the Ag-TiO2 thin film is higher than that of pure TiO2 thin film. It is also influenced by the content of anatase and heating temperature . The ESR result shows that the Ag-TiO2 thin film has more hydroxide radicals than pure TiO2 thin film after illuminated by UV light.     

Nano-sized Thin Films Fabricated by Ion Beam Sputtering and Its Properties

Nanoscale thick amorphous Ni-Cr alloy thin films were fabricated by low-energy ion beam sputtering technology; then the as-deposited samples experienced rapid thermal process to realize the transformation from amorphous to crystalline state. The film thickness was measured with a-stylus surface profiler, the structure and the compositions of the films were confirmed by low angle X-ray diffraction and scanning auger electron microprobe respectively, and the surface topography was characterized by scanning electron microscope and scanning probe microscope. Electrical property of the films was measured by fourpoint probe. The experimental results illustrate that the combined processes of ion beam sputtering and rajid thermal process are effective for fabrication nanoscale Ni-Cr alloy thin film with good properties.     

Photocatalytic activities of amorphous TiO<Subscript>2</Subscript>-Cr thin films prepared by magnetron sputtering

Chrome-doped titanium oxide films were prepared by reactive magnetron sputtering method. The films deposited on glass slides at room temperature were investigated by atom force microscope, X-ray diffractometer, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, UV-Vis spectrophotometer, the photoluminescence （PL） and ellipse polarization apparatus. The results indicate that TiO2-Cr film exists in the form of amorphous. The prepared films possess a band gap of less than 3.20 eV, and a new absorption peak. The films, irradiated for 5 h under UV light, exhibit excellent photocatalytic activities with the optimum decomposition rate at 98.5% for methylene blue. Consequently, the thickness threshold on these films is 114 nm, at which the rate of photodegradation is 95% in 5 h. When the thickness is over 114 nm, the rate of photodegradation becomes stable. This result is completely different from that of crystalloid TiO2 thin film.     

Self-cleaning glass coated with Fe^3＋ -TiO2 thin film

The self-cleaning glass coated with Fe^3 -TiO2 photocatalytic thin film was prepared by sol-gel process from the system Ti(OC4H9),-NH(C2H4OH)2-C2H5OH-H2O containing FeCl3. The microstructure and properties of the film were studied using differential thermal analysis-thermogravimetry(DTA-TG), X-ray diffration (XRD) and scanning electron microscope(SEM). The transmittance of the self-cleaning glass was measured by using UV-Vis spectrometer. The effects of content of Fe^3 and the thickness of Fe^3 -TiO2 thin film on the photocatalytic ac-tivity were examined. The results show that the photocatalytic thin films are mainly composed of Fe3O4 and TiO2 particles within 10-100 nm. The appropriate amount of Fe^3 is effective for improving the photocatalytic activities of TiO2. The best photocatalytic activity is obtained when the molar ratio of Fe^3 to TiO2 is 0. 005 and the glass is coated with 9 layers.     

Grain Size and Photocatalytic Activity of Nanometer TiO_2 Thin FilmsPrepared by the Sol-gel Method

Transparent anatase TiO2 nanometer thin films with photocatalytic activity were prepared via the sol-gel method on soda-lime glass. The thickness , crystalline phase, grain size, surface hydroxyl amount and so on were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) , X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy ( TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and UV-visible spectrophotometer ( UV-VIS). The photocatalytic activity of TiO2 thin films was evaluated for the photocatalytic decolorization of aqueous methyl orange . The effects of film thickness on the crystalline phase, grain size, transmittance and photocatalytic activity of nanometer Ti02 thin films were discussed.     

Infrared thermochromic properties of VO2 thin films prepared through aqueous sol-gel process

The stoichiometric vanadium(IV) oxide thin films were obtained by controlling the temperature, time and pressure of annealing. The thermochromic phase transition and the IR thermochromic property of 400 nm and 900 nm VO2 thin films in the 7.5 μm-14 μm region were discussed. The derived VO2 thin film samples were characterized by Raman, XRD, XPS, AFM, SEM, and DSC. The resistance and infrared emissivity of VO2 thin films under different temperature were measured, and the thermal images of films were obtained using infrared imager. The results show that the VO2 thin film annealed at 550 ℃ for 10 hours through aqueous sol-gel process is pure and uniform. The 900 nm VO2 thin film exhibits better IR thermochromic property than the 400 nm VO2 thin film. The resistance of 900 nm VO2 film can change by 4 orders of magnitude and the emissivity can change by 0.6 during the phase transition, suggesting the outstanding IR thermochromic property. The derived VO2 thin film can control its infrared radiation intensity and lower its apparent temperature actively when the real temperature increases, which may be applied in the field of energy saving, thermal control and camouflage.     

Microstrueturc and Mcehanieal Propcrtics of Heat-treated GeSb2Te4 Thin Films

The effect of annealing on microstructure, adhesive and frictional properties of GeSb2Te4 films were experimentally studied. The GeSb2Te4 films were prepared by radio frequency （RF） magnetron sputtering, and annealed at 200℃ and 340℃ under vacuum circumstance, respectively. The adhesion and friction experiments were mainly conducted with a lateral force microscope （LFM） for the GeSb2Te4 thin films before and after annealing. Their morphology and phase structure were analyzed by using atomic force microscopy （AFM） and X-ray Diffraction （XRD） techniques, and the nanoindention was employed to evaluate their hardness values. Moreover, an electric force microscope （EFM） was used to measure the surface potential. It is found that the deposited GeSb2Te4 thin film undergoes an amorphous-to-fcc and fcc-to-hex structure transition; the adhesion has a weaker dependence on the surface roughness, but a certain correlation with the surface potential of GeSb2Te4 thin films. And the friction behavior of GeSb2Te4 thin films follows their adhesion behavior under a lower applied load. However, such a relation is replaced by the mechanical behavior when the load is relatively higher. Moreover, the GeSb2Te4 thin film annealed at 340℃ presents a lubricative property.     

Fabrication of Poly-Si Thin Film on Glass Substrate by Aluminum-induced Crystallization

Amorphous silicon （ a-Si ） thin films were deposited on glass substrate by PECVD, and polycrystalline silicon （ poly- Si ） thin films were prepared by aluminum- induced crystallization （ AlC ）. The effects of annealing temperature on the microstructure and morphology were investigated. The AlC poly-Si thin films were characterized by XRD, Raman and SEM. It is found that a-Si thin film has a amorphous structure after annealing at 400℃ for 20 min, a-Si films begin to crystallize after annealing at 450 ℃ for 20 min, and the crystallinity of a-Si thin films is enhanced obviously with the increment of annealing termperature.     

Facile synthesis of nanocrystalline Cr<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>3</Subscript> thin film

A novel and facile synthesis route for the manufacture of transparent and uniform self-assembled nanocrystalline Cr2O3 (nc-Cr2O3) thin films with different morphology was reported, utilizing chromium nitrate as the inorganic source and triblock copolymer F127 as the morphology-directing agent by the evaporation-induced assembly (EIA) method. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetry-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC), N2-sorption, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to characterize the as-prepared nc-Cr2O3 thin films. The Cr2O3 thin film with different morphology was obtained by changing the relative humidity. The possible formation mechanism of the nc-Cr2O3 thin films with different morphologies was discussed.     

铁掺杂纳米TiO2膜的制备与光催化灭菌作用

利用溶胶-凝胶法制备Fe^3＋/TiO2和纯TiO2玻璃膜，用XRD、HRTEM、TG-DSC、SEM等手段表征，并研究膜的特性和结构。试验表明Fe^3＋/TiO2与TiO2均有较强的杀菌能力，但Fe掺杂TiO2的杀菌能力比纯TiO2高8.4%。纳米TiO2薄膜的微观结构分析为揭示TiO2光催化灭菌机理提供了证据。     

Preparation and characterization of SrTiO<Subscript>3</Subscript> thin film on functional organic self-assembled monolayers

SrTiO₃ thin film was successfully prepared on the functionalized organic self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) by the Liquid Phase Deposition (LPD) method. The as-prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscope (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and metallographic microscope. Measurement of contact angle showed that the hydrophobe substrate was changed into hydrophile by UV irradiation. AFM photographs of octadecyl-trichloro-silane self-assembled monolayer (OTS-SAM) surface approved that UV irradiation did change the morphology of OTS monolayer and provided evidence for the conversion of hydrophilic characteristic. Photographs of Metallographic Microscope showed that OTS-SAM had an active effect on the deposition of SrTiO₃ thin film. XRD and SEM indicated that the thin film was of pure cubic phase SrTiO₃ and composed of nanosized grains with a size in the range of 100–500 nm. The formation mechanism of the SrTiO₃ film was proposed.     

Microstructures and fatigue-free properties of the La<Superscript>3+</Superscript> and Nd<Superscript>3+</Superscript> doped Bi<Subscript>4</Subscript>Ti<Subscript>3</Subscript>O<Subscript>12</Subscript> thin films prepared by modified sol-gel technique

Ferroelectric Bi_3.25La_0.75Ti₃O₁₂ (BLT) and Bi_3.15Nd_0.85Ti₃O₁₂ (BNT) thin films were fabricated on Pt/TiO₂/SiO₂/Si (100) substrates by a modified sol-gel technique. X-ray diffraction indicated that these films were of single phase with random polycrystalline orientations. The surface morphologies of the films were observed by scanning electron microscope, showing uniform, dense films with grain size of 50–100 nm. Well-saturated hysteresis loops of the films were obtained in metal-ferroelectric-metal type capacitors with Cu top electrodes at an applied voltage of 400 kV/cm, giving the remanent polarization (2P _r) and coercive field (2E _c) values of the films of 25.1 μC/cm² and 203 kV/cm for BLT, and 44.2 μC/cm² and 296 kV/cm for BNT, respectively. Moreover, these capacitors did not show fatigue behaviors after up to 1.75×10¹⁰ switching cycles at the test frequency of 1 MHz, suggesting a fatigue-free character. The influences of the La³⁺ and Nd³⁺ doping on the properties of the films were comparatively discussed. Supported by the National Key Basic Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2006CB932305) and the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province, China (Grant No. 2004ABA082)     

Preparation and optical properties of Er<Superscript>3+</Superscript>: Na<Subscript>2</Subscript>O-Al<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>3</Subscript>-SiO<Subscript>2</Subscript> transparent glass-ceramics

Na₂O-Al₂O₃-SiO₂ glass-ceramics doped with Er³⁺ ions were synthesized by the conventional melt quenching technique at a low melting temperature. The samples were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV-vis-NIR scanning spectrophotometry, and fluorescence spectrometry. The results show that the main crystalline phase of glass-ceramics is nepheline.The best heat-treatment process is at 520 °C for 2 h. Because the up-conversion luminescence and near infrared luminescence properties of glass doped with Eu³⁺ are studied in detail.     

Optical properties and microstructure of Ta<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>5</Subscript> thin films prepared by ion assisted electron beam evaporation

An effective method for determining the refractive index of weak absorption transparent thin films was presented, which is also applicable to other weak absorption dielectric thin films. The as-deposited Ta2O5 thin films prepared by ion assisted electron beam evaporation showed a maxima transmittance as high as 93% which was close to that of the bare substrate, and exhibited a blue shift when the substrate temperature increased from room temperature to 250 ℃. The refractive index seemed to be immune to the substrate temperature and film thickness with its value about 2.14 at incidence wavelength of 55（1 nm. The surface morphology measured by atomic force microscopy （AFM） revealed that the microstructures lead to the slim optical difference, which was the interplay of substrate temperature and assisted ion beam.     

掺杂剂对聚苯胺/二氧化钛复合薄膜氨敏特性的影响

室温条件下,采用平面叉指电极式器件,运用原位化学氧化聚合和静电力自组装相结合的方法分别制备了盐酸掺杂和对甲苯磺酸掺杂聚苯胺/纳米二氧化钛(PANI/TiO2)复合薄膜气体传感器,并通过电子扫描显微镜(SEM)对薄膜进行了分析表征,研究了其在常温下对NH3气的敏感特性。实验结果表明,盐酸掺杂PANI/TiO2复合薄膜较对甲苯磺酸掺杂PANI/TiO2薄膜具有更好的灵敏度和响应恢复特性以及更好的稳定性。该研究有助于开发低功耗、高灵敏度的NH3气体传感器。     

Improved visible transparency of SIO<Subscript>2</Subscript>/ZNO:AL /CEO<Subscript>2</Subscript>-TIO<Subscript>2</Subscript>/SIO<Subscript>2</Subscript> multilayer films with high UV absorption and infrared reflection rate

New visible transparent, UV absorption, and high infrared reflection properties have been realized by depositing multilayer SiO₂/ZnO: Al/CeO₂-TiO₂/SiO₂ films onto glass substrates at low temperature by radio frequency magnetron sputtering. Optimum thickness of SiO₂, ZnO: Al (ZAO) and CeO₂-TiO₂ (CTO) films were designed with the aid of thin film design software. The degree of antireflection can be controlled by adjusting the thickness and refractive index. The outer SiO₂ film can diminish the interference coloring and increase the transparency; the inner SiO₂ film improves the adhesion of the coating on the glass substrate and prevents Ca²⁺, Na⁺ in the glass substrate from entering the ZAO film. The average transmittance in the visible light range increases by nearly 18%-20%, as compared to double layer ZAO/CTO films. And the films display high infrared reflection rate of above 75% in the wavelength range of 10-25 μm and good UV absorption (> 98%) properties. These systems are easy to produce on a large scale at low cost and exhibit high mechanical and chemical durability. The triple functional films with high UV absorption, antireflective and high infrared reflection rate will adapt to application in flat panel display and architectural coating glass, automotive glass, with diminishing light pollution as well as decreasing eye fatigue and increasing comfort.