原位微纤增强复合材料的结构与性能

采用熔融挤出——热拉伸——牵引拉伸制备了HDPE/PA6原位成纤增强复合材料,通过SEM分析了分散相PA6含量对其在基体中的形态及分布的影响;讨论了两种加工方式条件下分散相PA6含量对复合材料拉伸性能和冲击韧性的影响以及加工方式对复合体系力学性能的影响。结果表明：在原位成纤增强复合材料中存在直径为2～5 μm的纤维,当HDPE/PA6质量比为85/15时,微纤直径约为3 μm,此时,与普通共混复合材料相比,原位成纤增强复合材料的拉伸强度提高了6.9%,拉伸模量提高了14.8%,冲击强度提高10.03%。     

分散相含量对HDPE/PA6原位成纤增强复合材料性能的影响

采用熔融挤出-微纳叠层共挤制备了HDPE/PA6原位成纤增强复合材料,通过SEM分析了分散相PA6含量对其在基体中的形态及分布的影响;讨论了两种加工方式下分散相PA6含量对复合材料静态力学性能和耐热性能的影响以及加工方式对复合体系力学性能的作用。结果表明:在原位成纤增强复合材料中存在直径为2～5μm的纤维,当HDPE/PA6质量比为85/15时,微纤直径约为3μm,此时,与普通共混体系相比,原位成纤增强复合体系的拉伸强度提高了6.9%,拉伸模量提高了14.8%,冲击强度提高10.03%;随PA6含量的增加,原位成纤增强复合体系维卡软化温度明显提高,PA6质量分数为25%时比普通共混体系提高8.8℃。     

3种非极性聚合物材料共混改性PA6

制备不同配比HDPE/PA6、UHMWPE/PA6和PTFE/PA6共混复合材料.对它们的吸水性和力学性能进行测试和分析,用显微镜对拉伸断面进行微观观察.结果表明:随共混材料含量增加,3种PA6基复合材料的吸水率比纯PA6明显减少,其中HDPE/PA6复合材料阻水性最好,其吸水率是纯PA6的25%;3种复合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度有不同程度的降低,冲击强度得到提高,HDPE质量含量为20%时HDPE/PA6的伸长率出现最大值,比纯PA6高出48%.增容剂对3种复合材料的相容性有一定的改善效果,HDPE/PA6改善效果最好.     

POE-g-MAH改性PA6/BF复合材料的力学和摩擦磨损性能研究

采用马来酸酐接枝聚烯烃弹性体(POE-g-MAH)为增韧剂,通过熔融挤出制备马来酸酐接枝聚烯烃弹性体(POE-g-MAH)/尼龙(PA6)/玄武岩纤维(BF)复合材料,研究了POE-g-MAH含量对PA6/BF复合材料力学性能和摩擦磨损性能的影响。结果表明,POE-g-MAH粒子的加入显著提高了复合材料的冲击强度,当POE-g-MAH质量分数为20%时,POE-g-MAH/PA6/BF复合材料的冲击强度达到13.6 k J/m~2,比PA6/BF(4.7 k J/m~2)提高了190%,拉伸强度与弯曲强度分别下降40%和41%。随着POE-g-MAH含量的增加,摩擦因数随着POE-g-MAH含量增加呈现先减小后增大趋势,磨损逐渐增大。     

PA 6原位成纤复合改善PP的力学性能

采用挤出-热拉伸-淬冷法制备均聚聚丙烯(PP-H)/聚酰胺(PA)6原位成纤复合材料,研究PA 6的原位微纤化对PP-H力学性能的影响。结果表明:实验设计工艺可实现PA 6在PP-H基体中的原位微纤化,纤维直径约为0.5～2.0μm,但PA 6微纤与PP-H基体的界面结合性差,对PP-H的力学性能改善不佳;添加少量增容剂马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯,可显著改善PP-H的力学性能,当w(PA 6)为15%时,添加少量增容剂后,复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度、简支梁缺口冲击强度分别为未添加增容剂时的1.27,1.39,1.49倍;注塑温度对复合材料中PA 6分散相的形态及材料力学性能有明显影响,高温注塑试样的力学性能普遍低于低温注塑试样。     

PA6/MGF复合材料的力学及摩擦学性能

用硅烷偶联剂KH550和二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)分别对磨细玻璃纤维(MGF)进行表面改性(即KMGF,M-MGF),采用熔融法制备PA6/MGF复合材料。实验结果表明:PA6/M-MGF复合材料中M-MGF质量分数为20%时,拉伸强度从65.82 MPa提高到71.78 MPa,缺口冲击强度从11.86 k J/m2提高到23.73 k J/m2,增强增韧作用优于PA6/K-MGF复合材料;摩擦磨损性能研究发现,PA6/M-MGF复合材料的摩擦因数随着M-MGF质量分数的增加而下降;PA6/M-MGF和PA6/K-MGF复合材料的磨损率的变化趋势一致。     

PA66/TLCP/HNTs纳米管复合材料的制备与性能

采用熔融共混方法制备了尼龙(PA)66/热致液晶聚合物(TLCP)/埃洛石纳米管(HNTs)复合材料,研究了其热性能、微观形态及力学性能.结果表明,当TLCP的质量分数为4%、HNTs的质量分数为15%时,复合材料的综合性能最佳.其拉伸强度、拉伸弹性模量、弯曲强度及弯曲弹性模量相比纯PA66分别提高了30.4%、76.9%、34.4%、91.7%.熔体的加工流动性得到改善,PA66/TLCP/HNTs复合材料的吸水性能明显降低.少量的TLCP有利于提高PA66/TLCP复合材料的结晶性能和熔融温度;HNTs的加入能提高复合材料的结晶温度,与基体有较好的界面结合;TLCP及HNTs能在基体中均匀地分散,TLCP在PA66/TLCP/HNTs复合材料中形成微纤结构,且沿纤维轴方向取向.     

HDPE三单体固相接枝物的制备及其对PA6/UHMWPE的改性研究

通过马来酸酐(MAH)、苯乙烯(St)和丙烯酸丁酯(BA)多单体固相接枝法对高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)进行接枝改性,制得了增容剂HDPE-g-(MAH/St/BA)。研究发现,接枝率与反应时间、温度、HDPE/单体比及引发剂(BPO)用量有关;HDPE-g-(MAH/St/BA)对聚酰胺6/超高摩尔质量聚乙烯(PA6/UHMWPE)共混物有很好的增容作用,加入HDPE-g-(MAH/St/BA)后,复合材料的力学性能和摩擦磨损性能得到改善。     

不同粒径SiC改性PTFE复合材料的力学与摩擦学性能

以纳米碳化硅(SiC)、微米SiC及粉状SiC纤维填充聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)复合材料,对PTFE复合材料进行力学和摩擦学性能测试,分析对比不同粒径填料及其质量分数对PTFE复合材料力学和摩擦磨损性能的影响.用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对拉伸断口形貌进行观察,探讨了复合材料增强机理.对比研究结果表明:不同粒径的SiC均能提高复合材料的硬度和耐磨性,SiC纤雏/PTFE复合材料有较高的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率,其综合性能最好.拉伸断口的微观分析表明:SiC纤维与PTFE界面粘结性能较好,对PTFE复合材料性能有一定的增强效果.     

微纳叠层制备HDPE/PA6原位成纤复合材料的形态及性能

采用微纳叠层共挤制备了高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)/聚酰胺6(PA6)原位成纤增强复合材料,通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析了普通共混挤出和微纳叠层挤出共混物中分散相PA6的形态及分布;利用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)分析研究了复合体系中PA6对HDPE基体熔点和结晶性能的影响;讨论了两种加工方式条件下PA6添加量对复合材料静态力学性能的影响以及加工方式对复合体系力学性能的作用。结果表明:在微纳叠层挤出共混物HDPE/PA6(质量比85/15)中存在直径约为3μm的纤维;随着PA6含量的增加,复合体系的结晶度增大。     

短切碳纤维增强尼龙66复合材料研究进展

碳纤维的表面处理和尼龙的改性以及各种碳纤维/尼龙基复合材料的制备是当前研究热点之一。与纯尼龙相比,碳纤维的加入使材料表现出更优异的力学和摩擦学性能,拓展了尼龙高技术领域的应用空间。概述了碳纤维/尼龙66复合材料的制备方法、结构及性能方面研究进展,并提出了相关研究方向,为今后提高碳纤维增强尼龙66基复合材料力学性能和摩擦学性能研究提供参考。     

GF增强PA6复合材料的力学与摩擦性能研究

采用熔融共混法制备玻璃纤维(GF)增强尼龙(PA)6复合材料,研究了GF含量对PA6/GF复合材料力学性能和摩擦性能的影响,并利用扫描电子显微镜对复合材料的磨损机理进行分析.结果表明,GF显著影响复合材料的力学性能和摩擦性能,GF质量分数为15%时增强效果较好,PA6/GF复合材料的缺口冲击强度比纯PA6提高5倍,摩擦因数降低43%,磨损量减少33%.GF含量较低时,PA6/GF复合材料的磨损以磨粒磨损和粘着磨损为主,含量较高时则主要表现为磨粒磨损和疲劳磨损.     

Friction and wear mechanisms of PA66/PPS blend reinforced with carbon fiber

The mechanical and tribological properties of carbon fiber (CF) reinforced polyamide 66 (PA66)/polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) blend composite were studied in this article. It was found that CF reinforcement greatly increases the mechanical properties of PA66/PPS blend. The friction coefficient of the sample decreases with the increase of CF content. When CF content is lower (below 30%), the wear resistance is deteriorated by the addition of CF. However, the loading of higher than 30% CF significantly improves the tribological properties of the blend. The lowest friction coefficient (0.31) and the wear volume (1.05 mm³) were obtained with the PA66/PPS blend containing 30% CF. The transfer film and the worn surface formed by sample during sliding were examined by scanning electron microscopy. The observations revealed that the friction coefficient of PA66/PPS/CF composite depends on the formation and development of a transfer film on the counterface. The abrasive wear caused by ruptured CFs (for lower CF content) and the load bearing ability of CFs (for higher CF content) are the major factors affecting the wear volume. In addition, the improvements of mechanical properties, thermal conductivity, and self‐lubrication of bulk CFs are also contributed to the wear behavior of PA66/PPS/CF composite. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007     

The Effect of Arylboronic Acid Treatment of Carbon Fiber on the Mechanical and Tribological Properties of PA66 Composites

PA66 composites filled with surface-treated carbon fiber were prepared by twin-screw extruder in order to study the influence of carbon fiber surface arylboronic acid treatment on the mechanical and tribological behavior of the PA66 composites (CF/PA66). The mechanical property, friction and wear tests of the composites with untreated and treated carbon fiber were performed and the worn surface morphology was analyzed. The results show that the worn surface area of the treated carbon fiber was far smoother than that of the untreated carbon fiber and there formed a bonding adhesion on the carbon fiber surface after treatment. The tensile strength of CF/PA66 composites with surface arylboronic acid treatment was improved. The friction coefficient and wear of arylboronic acid treated CF/PA66 composites were apparently lower than that with untreated carbon fiber. In conclusion, the surface treatment favored the improvement of the higher interface strength and so had good effect on improving the tribological properties of the composites.     

石墨和短纤维填充聚乙烯抗静电材料的研究

采用鳞片石墨FG和短纤维CF对高密度聚乙烯HDPE进行抗静电及增强改性研究。测试及分析了HDPE混合体系的电学性能和拉伸性能。得出结论:添加一定量的石墨能明显提高材料的抗静电性能,通过加入纤维可以改善体系的强度,同时短纤维有助于降低材料的体积电阻率。     

碳纤维增强尼龙66复合材料的制备及性能

采用双螺杆挤出机熔融共混法制备了碳纤维(CF)增强尼龙66复合材料(PA66/CF),对其结构进行了表征,并研究了其力学性能。扫描电镜照片显示,在PA66/CF复合材料中,CF与PA66基体充分粘结在一起,其微观形貌表明,体系中碳纤长度为0.5~0.7 mm。力学性能测试发现,与尼龙66相比,PA66/CF复合材料各项力学性能指标均有大幅度提高。当加入4束碳纤维时,PA66/CF复合材料力学性能最佳,该复合材料的拉伸强度为200.2 MPa,与PA66相比提高了113.2 MPa;弯曲强度为280.2 MPa,比PA66提高了190.3 MPa;弯曲模量为13560.8 MPa,比PA66提高了10628.7 MPa;冲击强度为14.8 kJ/m^2,比与PA66提高了6.3 kJ/m^2。该PA66/CF复合材料密度较小、力学性能优良,可以广泛应用于风电叶片、发动机罩盖、仪表盘、车尾门等产品当中。     

Relationship study between crystal structure and thermal/mechanical properties of polyamide 6 reinforced and unreinforced by carbon fiber from macro and local view

Under effect of annealing and reinforcement of carbon fiber (CF), the relationship between crystalline structure of polyamide 6 (PA6) and thermal/mechanical properties was well studied. A local thermal analysis (LTA) method was applied for detecting interface properties between CF and PA6. Significant enhancement of thermal properties of PA6 with annealing and CF reinforcement was confirmed by thermal conductivity, HDT, and tanδ-T DMA curves, which was related with 112% crystallinity improvement by annealing and 105% improvement by CF reinforcement, and crystalline structure variation partly. In LTA results, thermal property near the CF area was improved due to a transcrystalline layer formation, which indicates LTA has great potential to be applied on the interface analysis in composites. Furthermore, flexural strength and modulus got a different degree of improvement by CF, as well as the storage modulus and impact strength, which proved the effective enhancement of strength and toughness of PA6 with strengthening of CF.     

Effects of polyamide 6 reinforcement on the compatibility of high-density polyethylene/environmental-friendly modified wood fiber composites

In order to develop excellent comprehensive mechanical strength and stability in high-density polyethylene (HDPE)/wood fiber (WF) composites, polyamide 6 (PA 6), and WF modified by environmental-friendly high temperature vapor (WF-HTV) were utilized to reinforce the compound system. The properties relating to interfacial compatibility in HDPE/WF-HTV composites were characterized and evaluated by electron universal mechanical instrument, water absorption testing, thermogravimetry, scanning electron microscope, Fourier transfer infrared spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry. The results reveal that this novel compounding system can engender a synergistic effect for interfacial interactions among PA 6, HDPE, and WF-HTV only when the ratio of HDPE to PA 6 is at an optimum level (HDPE:PA 6 = 6:4). The maximum values for flexural strength, modulus, tensile strength, and impact strength can be increased by 82.05, 64.08, 93.47, and 120.45%, respectively, compared with those of HDPE/WF-HTV composites. Additionally, maximum decomposition temperatures for the first and second thermal degradation stages can be increased by 7.17and 8.99 °C, respectively. Water absorption can be effectively controlled at a relatively low level (approximately 1.50%). © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 47984.     

体育器材用CFRPA6复合材料的制备及其性能

采用碳纤维(CF)改性聚酰胺(PA)6,从而获得PA 6/CF复合材料。结果表明:CF被浓硝酸氧化后,表面会引入碳氮、碳氧等极性基团,增加了PA 6与CF的界面反应活性;CF经浓硝酸处理后表面有许多沟槽出现,增大的表面积对PA 6与CF间机械锁合有利;随着浓硝酸处理CF时间的延长,复合材料的悬臂梁缺口冲击强度略有提高,拉伸强度提高较大;CF被过度氧化时,复合材料的缺口冲击强度、拉伸强度均降低;经浓硝酸氧化处理后,增强了CF界面黏结效果,CF被PA 6紧密包覆,断裂时两者有黏结现象发生;未经浓硝酸处理的样条在纤维拔出后会留下大量空洞,经浓硝酸处理后CF表面极性基团增加,提高了CF与基体树脂的黏结强度。     

PA6/CF/EG导电复合材料的制备与性能

采用熔融共混法制备了不同碳纤维/热膨胀石墨(CF/EG)比例的尼龙6/碳纤维/热膨胀石墨(PA6/CF/EG)导电复合材料并研究其性能。结果表明,CF的加入能显著提高复合材料的力学性能;而随着EG含量的提高,复合材料的导电性能和导热性能显著提高,但力学性能在一定程度上得到降低。当CF质量分数为20%时,复合材料具有最优的力学性能,当EG质量分数为20%时,复合材料体积电导率可显著提高至0.262 S/m,热导率可达1.3379W/(m·K)。