改性PS功能涂料及粘接剂的研究

本文对一次性使用的废旧聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料回收利用进行了较系统的研究,探索出一种简易的混合溶剂溶解法综合利用废聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料。并在实验室研制出改性PS功能涂料和粘接剂。     

喷雾干燥法再生PS树脂工艺研究

采用溶解 喷雾干燥法对废旧聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料进行回收利用研究。介绍溶解 喷雾干燥回收利用的方法、工艺流程及试验结果。试验结果表明，采用该工艺回收利用废旧聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料是可行的，制得的粉状ＰＳ树脂性能优异，是一种回收利用废旧聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料的新工艺     

机械摩擦熔融固化法回收废旧聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料

简要叙述废旧聚苯乙烯(PS)泡沫塑料回收的必要性和迫切性,分析了废弃PS泡沫塑料的特点;对国内外处理方法和回收技术进行比较;还重点介绍了机械摩擦熔融固化法回收废旧PS泡沫塑料的工艺、设备、产品应用及效益。     

溶剂法回收聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料工艺的研究

研究了溶剂法回收聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料(EPS)的操作方法和优化工艺条件.通过单因素实验考察了以甲苯/二氯乙烷为混合溶剂溶解EPS,然后通过沉淀法制备聚苯乙烯(PS)颗粒.结果表明,优化的工艺条件为甲苯/二氯乙烷混合溶剂中甲苯的体积分数为85％,溶解温度为50℃,溶解时间为30 min,以体积分数为95％乙醇为沉淀剂.PS回收率可达94％以上.     

废旧聚苯乙烯泡沫的回收利用——制路标涂料

采用乙酸乙酯、二甲苯、环己酮为混合溶剂,对废旧聚苯乙烯泡沫进行溶解,作为溶剂型道路标线涂料的基料之一。通过对混合溶剂作正交试验,得到混合溶剂的最佳配比。并对聚苯乙烯溶液、丙烯酸树脂、填料和助剂作正交试验,得到溶剂型道路标线涂料的最佳配方。废旧聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料应用到道路标线涂料中,起到对溶剂型道路标线涂料进行改性的目的,又起到废品回收利用的目的。     

我国须加大废弃PS泡沫塑料回收再利用

<正>目前全球每年约产生废弃聚苯乙烯(PS)泡沫塑料580万t,其中我国每年产生约180万t,除少数发达国家外,其他国家的废弃PS泡沫材料并未得到有效回收。据不完全统计,目前北欧国家和日本PS泡沫塑料回收再生利用率为72%,韩国PS泡沫塑料回收再生利用率为64%,而其余国家和地区的PS泡沫塑料回收再生利用率仅为10%～30%。在我国,由于回收机制还不够完     

废旧涤棉面料组分溶解分离研究

采用离子液体[Amim]Cl对废旧涤棉混纺面料中含棉成分进行溶解回收。通过正交试验法,研究了温度、[Amim]Cl质量分数、时间、溶质与溶剂比例等因素对溶解过程的影响,得到优化的溶解工艺条件,同时研究了溶剂对涤纶的影响。结果表明:处理后的面料中接近99.2%的棉纤维被溶解,而涤纶没有明显损伤。影响棉纤维溶解效果因素的主次关系依次为:溶解温度,溶解时间,[Amim]Cl质量分数,溶质与溶剂质量比。优化的溶解工艺参数为:溶解温度95℃,溶解时间5 h,[Amim]Cl质量分数99%,溶质与溶剂质量比0.2∶3.5。红外分析表明:溶解处理的样品中棉的特征峰基本消失。     

废旧聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料制备新型纸制品防水涂料

采用混合溶剂将废旧聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料进行溶解，并选用合适的改性剂来制得性能稳定的新型纸制品防水涂料，为解决白色污染和废旧塑料的综合利用开辟了新途径。     

废旧腈纶面料的溶解工艺及回收再利用

采用KSCN水溶液为溶剂对废旧腈纶进行溶解，通过单因素试验分析确定废旧腈纶面料的最佳溶解工艺为：KSCN质量分数65%，溶解温度75℃，溶解时间30 min，按这一工艺溶解废旧腈纶面料并将溶解液制成回收产物，使用X射线衍射仪和红外光谱仪对制得的回收产物进行分析，发现其具有与原生腈纶一样的结构特征。     

废旧聚苯乙烯磺化反应研究

探讨了聚苯乙烯（PS）的磺化反应过程磺化剂，溶剂、催化剂及温度等对反应的影响，采用不同的磺化条件可制得均质或非均质磺化产品，这对废旧聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料的综合利用具有重要意义。     

A model process for the solvent recycling of polystyrene

A model solvent technique is presented according to which polystyrene (PS) foam scrap is recovered in the form of small grains. The process mainly comprises dissolution of the waste into benzene or toluene, filtering, dispersion of the solution into water, and subsequent distillation. The alternative solvent/non-solvent systems have been studied on the basis of solution rheology, operating conditions during the recycling procedure, and extents of recovery of PS and solvent. Eventually, the toluene/water system has been chosen for a larger scale experiment (LSE), the product of which was used for characterization work. No influence on critical properties was detected due to the solvent technique followed.     

Reprocessing polyurethane foam using dynamic covalent chemistry in extrusion

Thermoset polyurethanes (PUs) pose recycling challenges due to their crosslinked structure. This study investigates the possibility to directly reprocess PU foams through (dynamic) carbamate exchange using reactive extrusion. By varying compounding temperature and catalyst (dibutyltin dilaurate, DBTDL) concentration, the extrusion process is examined using torque measurements. We clearly show that it is possible to reprocess the PU foam at temperatures well below 200°C and that DBTDL catalyst greatly enhances bond exchange rates during compounding. Reproducible extrusions at 160°C with 0.3 wt% DBTDL result in a material with a gel fraction of 0.90 displaying typical dynamic covalent network behavior, as confirmed by stress relaxation measurements. The measured characteristic relaxation times display an Arrhenius-type temperature dependence with an activation energy of 41 kJ/mol. Successful extrusion of fully crosslinked PU foam at milder temperatures with DBTDL catalyst demonstrates potential for PU foam recycling using reactive extrusion, and generally highlights the feasibility of dynamic crosslink reconfiguration for waste reduction and improved sustainability.     

Rheological and mechanical properties of composites made from wood flour and recycled LDPE/HDPE blend

The effect of compounding method is studied with respect to the rheological behavior and mechanical properties of composites made of wood flour and a blend of two main components of plastics waste in municipal solid waste, low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE). The effects of recycling process on the rheological behavior of LDPE and HDPE blends were investigated. Initially, samples of virgin LDPE and HDPE were thermo-mechanically degraded twice under controlled conditions in an extruder. The recycled materials and wood flour were then compounded by two different mixing methods: simultaneous mixing of all components and pre-mixing, including the blending of polymers in molten state, grinding and subsequent compounding with wood flour. The rheological and mechanical properties of the LDPE/HDPE blend and resultant composites were determined. The results showed that recycling increased the complex viscosity of the LDPE/HDPE blend and it exhibited miscible behavior in a molten state. Rheological testing indicated that the complex viscosity and storage modulus of the composites made by pre-mixing method were higher than that made by the simultaneous method. The results also showed that melt pre-mixing of the polymeric matrix (recycled LDPE and HDPE) improved the mechanical properties of the wood–plastic composites.     

废聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料胶粘剂的制备与性能分析

以废PS(聚苯乙烯)泡沫塑料为主要原料,乙酸乙酯、甲苯、丙酮和四氯化碳为混合溶剂,制备溶剂型PS胶粘剂。采用单因素试验法和正交试验法探讨了PS含量、低毒性混合溶剂的选择及配比等对PS胶粘剂性能的影响。研究结果表明:当V(四氯化碳)∶V(乙酸乙酯)∶V(甲苯)∶V(丙酮)=1∶8∶3∶2或2∶4∶3∶4时,相应溶剂型PS胶粘剂的综合性能优于市售白乳胶;该PS胶粘剂对木材、铁片、玻璃和塑料的剪切强度依次为4.8、4.0、3.0、1.0 MPa,并且其制备工艺简单,不产生二次污染,具有良好的应用前景。     

PS建筑装饰胶粘剂

利用废旧聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料，选择混合溶剂、混合乳液改性、添加填料可制成装饰胶粘剂。     

聚苯乙烯溶液接枝改性研究

用溶液接枝的方法研究了回收的废聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料的接枝工艺，包括引发剂的用量、反应温度、单体浓度、单体种类、多单体共接枝对废聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料接枝的影响。PS接枝工艺的研究结果为废聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料的再利用提供了理论依据。     

催化剂对废旧PU硬泡回收再利用的影响

用含有小分子醇的交联剂和催化剂使废旧聚氨酯（PU）硬泡进行降解能够获得多元醇，将降解料与聚醚多元醇、催化剂和发泡剂共混以制备白料，然后与黑料异氰酸酯混合均匀，得到再生PU硬泡。通过对降解产物的黏度、羟值以及获得的再生PU硬泡材料的密度、强度、吸水率、热稳定性、扫描电子显微镜、红外光谱和热失重等进行测试分析，得出了催化剂添加量对废旧PU材料回收再利用的影响因素。结果表明，催化剂（KOH）用量为0.9 g时废旧PU的降解效果最好，获得的再生PU硬泡的密度为37.6 kg/cm³，压缩强度为164.2 kPa，热导率为0.015 24 W/（m·K），吸水率为0.429 5 %。     

Co-pyrolysis characteristics of typical components of waste plastics in a falling film pyrolysis reactor

Waste plastics mainly come from MSW and usually exist in the form of mixed plastics. During the co-pyrolysis process of mixed plastics, various plastic components have different physicochemical properties and reaction mechanisms. Considering the high viscosity and low thermal conductivity of molten plastics, a falling film pyrolysis reactor was selected to explore the rapid co-pyrolysis process of typical plastic components (PP, PE and PS). The oil and gas yields and the compositions of pyrolysis products of the three components under different ratios at pyrolysis temperatures were analyzed to explore the co-pyrolysis characteristics of PP, PE, and PS. The study is of great significance to the recycling of waste plastics.     

Evaluation of the compatibility of polystyrene/poly-(vinyl acetate) blends through viscosity measurements. Effect of solvent

The compatibility of polystyrene/poly(vinyl acetate) (PS/PVAC) blends was studied by means of viscosity measurements in three different solvents, i. e. methyl ethyl ketone, toluene and 1,4-dioxane. The viscosity values of the blends dissolved in these solvents show positive deviations from the ideal values. Hence it is concluded that the PS and PVAC in the solvents under study show some compatibility. The relative deviation from the ideal values varies from solvent to solvent and is interpreted in terms of differences in the strength of polymer-solvent interaction.     

环戊烷发泡剂/组合聚醚体系的研究

通过相容性、自由发泡、模具发泡和流动性实验对环戊烷发泡剂/组合聚醚体系进行了研究。探讨了聚醚多元醇、催化剂和泡沫稳定剂对聚氨酯发泡体系性能的影响。结果表明:用环戊烷发泡剂/组合聚醚体系制备的聚氨酯泡沫流动性好成,本低泡,沫性能符合冰箱及冰柜指标要求。