异丙甲草胺乳油环保型溶剂的配方研究

本研究通过试验,对乳化剂及溶剂进行筛选,确定了异丙甲草胺乳油环保型溶剂的配方,对于替代苯类溶剂和环保型农药的开发与生产具有一定的借鉴意义。     

我国农药乳油的发展方向是高效安全环保

日前,由中国农药工业协会主办的环境友好型农药乳油发展研讨会在京召开。来自科技部、环保部、农业部及国内近40家企业的200余名与会代表就农药乳油的发展方向,农药乳油中高毒助剂苯、甲苯以及二甲苯等芳烃有机溶剂的替代,环境友好型农药乳油中新型有机溶剂的开发和应用前景以及农药乳油中有害溶剂限量(征求意见稿)等一系列有关乳油问题进行了深入讨论,为我国未来乳油发展指明了方向。     

传统农药制剂乳油的发展

<正>来自科技部、环保部、农业部及国内近4O家企业的200余名与会代表就农药乳油的发展方向,农药乳油中高毒助剂苯、甲苯以及二甲苯等芳烃有机溶剂的替代,环境友好型农药乳油中新型有机溶剂的开发和应用前景以及农药乳油中有害溶剂限量(征求意见稿)等一系列有关乳油问题进行了深入讨论,为我国未来乳油发展指明了方向。1乳油发展倾向环境友好型"与其他农药剂型相比,乳油具有有效成分含量高、稳定性好、使用方便、防治效果好、加工工艺简单、     

敌敌畏合成工艺改进

报道了对双溶剂法制备敌敌畏的现有生产工艺条件进行优化的情况。研究了各种反应条件对收率的影响,强化介面反应,使敌百虫的碱解重排反应在水相中及苯水两相介面上进行,减少敌敌畏的水解损失,提高敌敌畏的收率,通过工艺改进,敌敌畏的收率从75％提高到86％。     

新型乳油配方及在甜菜安复配乳油中的应用

[目的和方法]基于甜菜安、甜菜宁、精喹禾灵的化学性质,用溶剂-表面活性剂共享系统开发了上述3者的新型复配乳油配方。[结果]新配方在自动分散性上表现优良,稳定性符合国家产品标准要求,对禾本科和阔叶杂草的都有较高防效。[结论]溶剂-表面活性剂共享系统的开发取代了苯类和异氟尔酮、N-甲基吡咯烷酮等高风险有机溶剂在传统乳油中的应用,对当前环保型乳油制剂的发展具有推动作用。     

绿色环保植物源溶剂OD-1在农药乳油配方中的应用研究

研究了环保溶剂OD-1的应用对2%甲维盐乳油的稳定性影响和增效作用。分别以室内饲养的小菜蛾和甜菜夜蛾为试虫,比较了应用不同溶剂的2%甲维盐乳油的防效。结果以OD-1为溶剂的2%甲维盐乳油的防效达100%,比市售以苯类作为溶剂的甲维盐乳油防效高。     

诺普信绿色农药制剂开发又一次跨出坚实一步

随着行业政策和产业规划的贯彻实施,在可预见的未来,当前仍约占50%市场份额的100万吨乳油产品将被绿色乳油及其它环保制剂所替代。根据相关预测,由此将带来天然植物油溶剂等非芳烃类环保溶剂在农药领域约30万吨/年的市场容量,市场前景广阔。     

农药行业呼唤绿色溶剂

<正>农药原药无法直接使用,必须加工成制剂才能应用到农业生产。农药制剂在原药的基础上,通过加入分散剂、助剂以及溶剂等原辅料,经研制、复配、加工而制成。近年来,我国农药制剂年产量约200万吨,其中乳油产量约占50%,使用溶剂30万～40万吨,其中绝大部分是苯、甲苯、二甲苯等高挥发性芳烃。去年10月,工信部发布《农药乳油有害溶剂限量标准》,对二甲苯、甲苯、苯、甲醇和N,N'-二甲基甲酰胺等5种有害溶剂     

精细化学品N-甲酰吗啉市场有潜力

N-甲酰吗啉是制备芳烃的优良抽提溶剂：近年来随着芳烃产量与需求量急剧增加，化学工业精细化率不断提高，对芳烃的质量要求越来越高：以苯为例，由于料苯中含有一些与苯的沸点相近的烷烃和易与苯形成共沸体系的庚烷、环己烷、二甲基戊烷、甲基环己烷等物质，若采用普通的精馏法是难以分离的，因此国内外成功开发出汽提精馏或液-液萃取工艺，     

GF敌敌畏乳化剂乳化分散性研究

配制了一种新型农药乳化剂（ＧＦ），并选择出与之合适配伍的溶剂，大大改善了敌敌畏乳油的分散性。     

敌敌畏复产工艺概述及存在问题的探讨

详细讨论了原敌敌畏生产工艺中敌百虫碱解、脱苯、调制等工序中存在的问题,并提出了较为完善的改进措施。     

Influence of the elementary composition of Kuznetsk Basin coal on the yield of coking products

The yield of coking products from Kuznetsk Basin coal concentrates is investigated as a function of their elementary composition. The yield of coking products (coke, coal tar, and raw benzene) is plotted against the content of the main elements in the coal’s organic mass (carbon and hydrogen). The basic laws governing the yield of those coking products are established.     

Verfahren zur Anreicherung von Stearidonsäure

Preparation of Stearidonic Acid Concentrates Fatty acids of the n-3 series are precursors of the biochemical synthesis of prostaglandins which are known as inhibitors of blood platelet aggregation. The parent compound of this series, α-linolenic acid (ALA), is transformed to stearidonic acid C18:4 δ6.9, 12.15 (SA) by catalysis by the liver enzyme δ6-desaturase. SA is found in few natural materials such as fish oils and blackcurrent seed oil (BCO) and only at low concentrations. In this context the oil extracted from entrails of squids caught in warm-water seas is reported to present an interesting source of arachidonic acid with contents of up to 8%. A two-step procedure was developed for the preparation of SA concentrates with 15% SA was obtained by urea fractionation. Simultaneously the γ-linolenic acid (GLA) concentration was increased to 80%. Subsequent separation of SA from GLA was carried out by preparative HPLC yielding SA concentrates with a purity of ≧ 90%. These SA concentrates were used for a comparative investigation of the inhibiting effects of some polyunsaturated fatty acids such as GLA, ALA or eicosapentaenoic acid on blood platelet aggregation. It was found that, compared with the other fatty acids. SA inhibits more specifically the aggregation stimulated by thrombine.     

Biomarker analysis of stored blood products: emphasis on pre-analytical issues

Millions of blood products are transfused every year; many lives are thus directly concerned by transfusion. The three main labile blood products used in transfusion are erythrocyte concentrates, platelet concentrates and fresh frozen plasma. Each of these products has to be stored according to its particular components. However, during storage, modifications or degradation of those components may occur, and are known as storage lesions. Thus, biomarker discovery of in vivo blood aging as well as in vitro labile blood products storage lesions is of high interest for the transfusion medicine community. Pre-analytical issues are of major importance in analyzing the various blood products during storage conditions as well as according to various protocols that are currently used in blood banks for their preparations. This paper will review key elements that have to be taken into account in the context of proteomic-based biomarker discovery applied to blood banking.     

Aqueous sodium dichromate oxidation of Australian vitrinite concentrates

The aromatic structures present in vitrinite concentrates from Australian coals covering a range of rank have been investigated by aqueous sodium dichromate oxidation followed by analysis of the products by g.c.-m.s. Only 13 relatively simple aromatic carboxylic acids, principally the di- and triacids of benzene, combined in widely different proportions constituted the oxidation products. The largest compound found was a monoacid of naphthalene. There was no obvious pattern to be observed in the nature of the oxidation products that was consistent with the concept of coal maturation as a process of increasing aromatization. However, in agreement with earlier work, substantial yields of polynuclear aromatic compounds were obtained when two US coals and an Australian solvent-refined coal were similarly oxidized. It is suggested that this difference arises principally from the geological origins of the Australian samples.     

气相色谱法测定敌敌畏·氯氰菊酯复配乳油

采用弱极性填充分析柱和程序升温的气相色谱方法对敌敌畏·氯氰菊酯复配乳油中两活性组分进行测定,氢火焰离子化检测器检测,双内标定量。通过对两有效成分的线性关系、精密度和回收率试验,获得了满意的结果。测定敌敌畏和氯氰菊酯的线性相关系数分别为1.0000和0.99995,标准偏差分别为0.37和0.019,相对标准偏差分别为1.96%和0.85%,平均回收率分别为99.23%和99.51%。     

苯生产过程中重大危险源辨识及管理

精苯装置是以焦化苯（主要由苯、甲苯、二甲苯和苯乙烯组成）为原料,在催化剂作用下,经高温高压加氢处理后产生高纯度苯产品,其工艺条件复杂危险性大,具有高温、高压、易燃、易爆、有毒、有腐蚀等危险因素,因此对该装置生产过程中存在的重大危险源进行辨识,并提出安全管理对策。     

Integration of coal pyrolysis process with iron ore reduction:Reduction behaviors of iron ore with benzene-containing coal pyrolysis gas as a reducing agent☆

An integrated coal pyrolysis process with iron ore reduction is proposed in this article. As the first step, iron oxide reduction is studied in a fixed bed reactor using simulated coal pyrolysis gas with benzene as a model tar compound. Variables such as reduction temperature, reduction time and benzene concentration are studied. The carbon deposition of benzene results in the retarded iron reduction at low temperatures. At high temperatures over800 °C, the presence of benzene in the gas can promote iron reduction. The metallization can reach up to 99% in20 min at 900 °C in the presence of benzene. Significant increases of hydrogen and CO/CO2 ratio are observed in the gas. It is indicated that iron reduction is accompanied by the reforming and decomposition of benzene. The degree of metallization and reduction increases with the increasing benzene concentration. Iron oxide can nearly completely be converted into cementite with benzene present in the gas under the experimental conditions. No sintering is found in the reduced sample with benzene in the gas.     

H2O2、金属离子等对Cr（Ⅵ）离子光催化还原及对敌敌畏农药光催化氧化的影响

以Cr(Ⅵ）离子、敌敌畏农药作为污染物的代表，研究了H2O2、金属离子等对Cr(Ⅵ）离子光催化还原及对敌敌畏农药光催化氧化的影响。结果表明，加入少量的H2O2对Cr(Ⅵ）离子的光催化还原起阻碍作用，对敌敌畏农药的光催化氧化起促进作用；加入少量的Cu^2 对Cr(Ⅵ）离子光催化还原及对敌敌畏农药的光催化氧化均起促进作用；加入Zn^2 ,Na^ 对Cr(Ⅵ）离子及敌敌畏农药的光催化降解均无明显的影响；加入甲醇、甲苯对Cr(Ⅵ）离子的光催化还原起促进作用，对敌敌畏农药的光催化氧化起阻碍作用。探讨了H2O2、金属离子等对Cr(Ⅵ）离子光催化还原及对敌敌畏农药光催化氧化影响的机理。     

Kinetics of benzene hydrogenation by supported nickel at low temperature

A study of the kinetics of benzene hydrogenation at low temperatures is described which confirms and completes the present fragmentary information available in the literature. Such analysis may also be useful for the purposes of using the reaction as a model system in studies of reaction engineering problems. The results are consistent with a Rideal mechanism for the hydrogenation, proceeding via the molecular addition of hydrogen to adsorbed benzene. The very strong adsorption and the range of conditions over which zero order kinetics with respect to benzene are found support the π-bonding theory for benzene chemisorption.