大型燃煤电站锅炉干式与湿式排渣系统对比分析

介绍了大型电站锅炉近年应用较多的风冷干式排渣机系统,进行了干式排渣系统与湿式排渣系统的对比试验。通过对锅炉排烟温度、灰渣可燃物含量和锅炉效率的对比,掌握采用干式排渣系统对锅炉的影响。为大型机组排渣系统的选择提供参考和借鉴。     

600MW超临界“W”火焰锅炉劣质煤稳燃技术探究

针对600MW超临界W火焰锅炉燃烧劣质煤时存在低负荷燃烧不稳定、锅炉结焦、燃烧效率低、受热面超温、炉渣及飞灰含碳量高等问题，以直流狭缝式燃烧器W火焰锅炉为研究对象，通过改进吹灰方式，调节燃烧器乏气缩孔开度、煤粉细度、磨煤机出口风温、热风温度，并结合二次风配比、燃尽风开度及制粉系统与氧量实时协同优化调整。调整后的运行结果表明：低负荷锅炉燃烧不稳定、水冷壁超温得到解决，热负荷分布更均匀，炉渣及飞灰含碳量明显降低，锅炉效率得到提升。     

除渣系统改造对锅炉排烟温度的影响分析

华电国际邹县发电厂^#6锅炉除渣系统由湿除渣改为干除渣后,出现了锅炉排烟温度升高的现象。通过对比改造前、后的相关参数,找出了排烟温度升高的原因,提出了具体的解决方案和应对措施。     

大型污泥消化工程热水系统的设计优化研究

热水系统作为污泥消化工程一个必不可少的子系统,其正常可靠的运行具有十分重要的意义。结合国内最大的污泥消化工程——上海市白龙港污泥消化工程,考虑锅炉稳定运行因素、锅炉启动保护因素、消化池供热温度精确控制因素及整个热水系统运行可靠性因素,对热水系统的设计进行了优化,并为防止污泥在热交换器中的板结采取了相应的技术措施,取得了较好的系统运行效果。     

300MW烟煤机组全烧褐煤燃烧调整优化

云南华电昆明发电有限公司2×300 MW烟煤机组锅炉全烧褐煤过程中存在安全问题严重、制粉系统出力不足、锅炉效率低、超温、排烟温度高及发电负荷低等问题,影响机组的安全经济运行。为了提高机组的运行经济性,结合燃用褐煤的特点在燃烧过程中采取了改变锅炉氧量、一次风压、燃烧器摆角,合理吹灰等燃烧调整手段。     

超临界锅炉屏式过热器受热面超温原因分析及对策

华电宿州发电有限公司#1机组直流锅炉在第1次检查性大修后出现屏式过热器出口A侧经常超温的现象。分析认为,造成锅炉受热面金属温度高的最直接诱因是#1锅炉炉内燃烧行程拉长,火焰中心上移。对#1锅炉风烟及燃烧系统进行优化后,屏式过热器左侧壁温得到了有效控制。     

锅炉深度利用烟气余热变能级系统的原理与设计

介绍了锅炉深度利用烟气余热变能级系统的原理、技术路线和节能量计算特点,分析了深度降低烟温的技术和经济性能,论述了该系统利用低品位烟气加热锅炉送风和高品位烟气加热汽轮机凝结水的概况,在获得更大排挤功的同时,可常年对空气预热器的冷端进行保护。该系统与常规低压省煤器相比,可降低供电煤耗0.5~0.6 g/(k W·h),提高空气预热器冷端综合温度30~40℃,实现冬季锅炉送风加热零汽耗,适用于原排烟温度相对较低的烟气余热深度回收。     

超超临界锅炉燃油系统故障分析

针对华电国际邹县发电厂四期工程超超临界锅炉供油泵以及燃油系统自2007年以来运行出现的油枪部件泄漏率高、供油系统回油温度高、油枪及打火杆卡涩等问题,从系统的布置方式、设备的结构、设计、安装以及运行维护等方面,分析了造成以上问题的原因,结合已经进行的治理和改造经验,提出了预防措施和建议。     

锅炉排烟温度高的影响因素及处理措施

山东百年电力发展股份有限公司＃5机组由于大比例掺烧劣质煤，锅炉排烟温度一直偏高。对影响排烟温度的各项要素逐一分析，通过调整运行方式，有效降低了锅炉排烟温度，提高了锅炉效率。     

锅炉及供热系统的节能问题

在能源消耗系统中,锅炉及供热系统占有很大的比重。据不完全统计,其年耗煤量约占我国煤炭产量的三分之一。因而提高锅炉的热效率,降低锅炉及供热系统的热损耗,是缓解我国能源供需之间不平衡的一个重要途径。     

对IGCC电站中废热锅炉技术的探讨

废热锅炉是IGCC电站中气化岛中的关键设备，采用废热锅炉对煤气化后合成气的显热进行有效回收能够显著提高IGCC机组的发电效率。废热锅炉的放热工质同时具有高温、高压、强还原性3个特点，其中辐射式废热锅炉的高温腐蚀、密封和排渣问题以及对流式废热锅炉的积灰、堵塞和磨损问题是废热锅炉技术研究中需要重点解决的难点问题。对IGCC电站废热锅炉研究和设计中的几个关键问题进行了总结和分析，并提出了相应的解决意见。     

Results of heat tests of the TGE-435 main boiler in the PGU-190/220 combined-cycle plant of the Tyumen’ TÉTs-2 cogeneration plant

Special features of operation of a boiler operating as a combined-cycle plant and having its own furnace and burner unit are descried. The flow of flue gases on the boiler is increased due to feeding of exhaust gases of the GTU into the furnace, which intensifies the convective heat exchange. In addition, it is not necessary to preheat air in the convective heating surfaces (the boiler has no air preheater). The convective heating surfaces of the boiler are used for heating the feed water, thus replacing the regeneration extractions of the steam turbine (HPP are absent in the circuit) and partially replacing the preheating of condensate (the LPP in the circuit of the unit are combined with preheaters of delivery water). Regeneration of the steam turbine is primarily used for the district cogeneration heating purposes. The furnace and burner unit of the exhaust-heat boiler (which is a new engineering solution for the given project) ensures utilization of not only the heat of the exhaust gases of the GTU but also of their excess volume, because the latter contains up to 15% oxygen that oxidizes the combustion process in the boiler. Thus, the gas temperature at the inlet to the boiler amounts to 580°C at an excess air factor α = 3.50; at the outlet these parameters are utilized to T _out = 139°C and α_out = 1.17. The proportions of the GTU/boiler loads that can actually be organized at the generating unit (and have been checked by testing) are presented and the proportions of loads recommended for the most efficient operation of the boiler are determined. The performance characteristics of the boiler are presented for various proportions of GTU/boiler loads. The operating conditions of the superheater and of the convective trailing heating surfaces are presented as well as the ecological parameters of the generating unit. __________ Translated from élektricheskie Stantsii, No. 12, December 2006, pp. 26–32.     

锅炉水冷壁高温腐蚀的原因及对策

胜利发电厂^#1锅炉在2008年7月小修期间,发现锅炉水冷壁管存在大面积高温腐蚀现象,经检查共有129根水冷壁管减薄超标,小修期间予以更换。通过对该厂^#1锅炉水冷壁管高温腐蚀现象的分析,找出了产生高温腐蚀的原因,制订了防范措施,消除了锅炉安全运行的隐患。     

1000MW超超临界锅炉声波测温技术的特点及应用

炉膛内部温度是控制炉内燃烧过程的一个关键参数。介绍了声波测温系统的工作原理和基本特点,分析了其首次在国内1000MW超超临界锅炉的应用情况及常见问题,可为该项技术在其他超超临界机组上的应用提供参考。     

以蒸汽泵作为锅炉主力给水泵的尝试

通常锅炉房给水泵拖动方式多采用电动方式,汽动泵仅作为备用泵使用,锅炉富余蒸汽或工业抽汽驱动小汽轮机拖动给水泵,排汽入除氧器作加热蒸汽,可降低运行成本提高经济效益。以水城钢铁（集团）动力厂新建的130t／h燃气锅炉为实例,将汽动泵作为主力给水泵进行了运行尝试,其方法可供同行参考。     

Characteristics of temperature-compensator fillers in convective shafts of boiler units

Results of investigations of the physico-mechanical and aerodynamic characteristics of granular materials used as channel fillers in the temperature compensators of convective shafts of boiler units are presented. Possible causes of influxes of air into gas conduits of the boiler through a sand compensator are analyzed. A multilayer procedure is proposed for filling of the bulk compensator, and computational relationships are presented for determination of the height of each layer and its aerodynamic resistance. Results of the investigations were implemented at the Krasnoyarsk TéTs-2 thermoelectric power station (TEPS) during assembly of the No. 6 BKZ-500-140 boiler. __________ Translated from élektricheskie Stantsii, January, 2007, No. 1, pp. 31–35.     

Parameters of Acid Solution in a Drum Boiler Cleaned by the Method of “Etching”

A method for determining the parameters of acid solution in waterwall tubes of a drum boiler based on chemical analysis of the solution drained from the boiler is described. By the data of full-scale testing the condensation of low-potential steam fed into the waterwalls for heating the washing solution substantially affects the temperature of the solution, the concentration of the acid, and the efficiency of chemical cleaning of the tubes over the height of the boiler.     

热电锅炉配风调节阀设计及控制系统研究

以热电厂锅炉配风为例，从提高热电厂锅炉配风系统的经济性和安全性方面考虑，通过设计全新结构的调节阀和设计合适的调节监控系统，使调节阀的流量特性尽可能地为等百分比流量特性，更准确地实现对调节阀的调节，并且设计出可行的配风监控系统，使调节阀能够根据风道内的温度和风速实现给定调节运动。     

光纤测温在大型水轮发电机上的应用

随着水电机组单机容量越来越大,发电机的安全稳定运行显得越来越重要.探讨了如何检测发电机重要部位(汇流环管和线棒)的温度,分析总结了目前两种光纤测温形式的最新进展和测温特点.工程实践表明,点式光纤测温用于大型水轮发电机温度检测是可行的和有效的手段.     

Development and study of boilers with a ring furnace using different coals

This is a critical analysis of the profiles of boilers with nontraditional ring furnaces for 330 and 600MWunits operating with different coals. The ANSYS FLUENT mathematical simulation software has been used in this work. Data on the temperature distributions in the boiler, the nitrogen oxide concentrations, and a large amount of other simulation results and calculations are presented which are important for further improvements in the technology of boilers with ring furnaces.