浊度比法测定乳化蜡稳定性研究

以中国石油抚顺石油一厂生产的58号全精炼蜡为主要原料,SP-60、TW-80等为乳化剂,采用剂在油中法制得了乳化蜡。首次采用浊度比法对乳化蜡稳定性进行分析,并将其结果与室温静置法相比较。结果表明,用浊度比法判定乳化蜡的稳定性简单快捷、准确性高,具有很高的实用价值。通过浊度比方法考察了乳化温度、乳化时间、HLB值和乳化水用量四种工艺条件对石蜡乳液制备的影响。实验结果表明,制备乳化蜡的优化配方及工艺条件为：乳化温度70 ℃,乳化时间为50 min,复配乳化剂的HLB值为10,乳化水用量为75％。     

高含蜡石蜡乳状液的研制及影响因素探讨

以石蜡为主要原料,采用剂在油中法制备了石蜡乳状液.考察了乳化剂类型和用量、乳化水用量、乳化温度、乳化时间、搅拌速度对石蜡乳化效果的影响.结果表明,复配乳化剂优于单一乳化剂,且复配-Ⅱ型乳化剂效果最好.并确定了最佳乳化工艺条件:复配-Ⅱ型乳化剂用量10%,乳化水用量65%～70%,乳化温度90℃,乳化时间30min,搅拌速度1000r/min.在此条件下,石蜡乳状液蜡含量为30%～35%,具有较好的稳定性和分散性.     

催化裂化原料用重油乳化工艺的研究

为改善催化裂化原料油雾化状况,降低结焦和干气收率,将原料重油进行乳化。考察了重油乳化过程中的乳化剂选择、复配以及乳化工艺条件,结果表明,采用S_1(Span-40)乳化剂和以该乳化剂为主的S_1-O_3(OP- 10)二元、S_1-O_3-T_2(Tween-60)三元复配乳化剂具有较好的乳化性能,乳化油稳定时间超过9 d;适宜的乳化工艺条件为:乳化温度70～80℃,掺水量10%(质量分数),乳化剂用量0.75%～1.0%(质量分数),乳化时间为40 min。     

RFCC进料乳化工艺研究

介绍了RFCC进料乳化工艺实验室研究。应用亲油亲水平衡理论,模拟工业生产装置,筛选出分散剂和乳化剂的类型及用量。试验证明,带有一定量亲水基团、用量在4％的分散剂与用量在1．6‰、原油亲水平衡值(HLB)为7．45的复合乳化剂是最佳匹配;搅拌机转速大于2000r／min、时间30min、温度80℃是最佳操作条件。在上述条件时,物系在80℃下稳定时间大于7天;0．3MPa下高温汽化温度120℃;粒径小子5μm。     

造纸用改性石蜡乳液的研制

为降低石蜡乳液中乳化剂的用量,采用氧化聚乙烯蜡对58~#石蜡进行物理改性,并借助乳化剂A制备了改性石蜡乳液。利用单因素法考察了配方组成、乳化时间、乳化温度和搅拌速率对改性石蜡乳液性能的影响。结果表明:改性石蜡乳液的较佳配方为氧化聚乙烯蜡/58~#石蜡/乳化剂A/水(质量比)=2.4/21.6/6/70,在乳化时间为3 min、乳化温度为80℃、搅拌速率1 100 r/min条件下制得的改性石蜡乳液的颜色、固含量、pH值、粒度和稳定性均满足造纸用石蜡乳液的基本要求。     

无助乳化剂的非离子型石蜡乳液的制备

采用机械搅拌与均质机联用的方法,以58#全精炼切片石蜡为原料进行制备石蜡乳液的实验,考察乳化剂、乳化剂用量、乳化温度、乳化水用量和乳化时间等因素对石蜡乳化效果的影响。实验结果表明,复配乳化剂比单一乳化剂的乳化效果好;对石蜡乳化效果影响大小的顺序是乳化剂用量>乳化温度>乳化水用量>乳化时间;制备石蜡乳液的最佳条件为:m(Span-80)∶m(Tween-80)=2∶3、乳化剂用量9%(w),乳化温度80℃,乳化时间40 min,乳化水用量74%(w),搅拌转速1 000 r/min,在此条件下所得石蜡乳液的平均粒径为1.36μm。     

幼苗移栽抗旱保活用乳化蜡的研制

以水作为稀释剂,三乙醇胺等几种表面活性剂为乳化剂,石蜡为原料,制备了幼苗移栽抗旱保活用乳化蜡。通过优化得到最佳配方:乳化时间40 min,搅拌速度为500~700 r／min,w(石蜡)=1.4％~1.8％,w(微晶蜡)=0.5％~1％,w(硬脂酸)=0.5％~1.2％,w(三乙醇胺)=0.4％~0.7％时得到乳化蜡产物。经使用后可在幼株表面形成一层极薄的蜡膜,从而减少水分的蒸发而保证其成活率。可使幼苗成活率达98％以上。     

主成分分析法在超声波乳化柴油制备中的应用

 首次采用主要成分分析(PCA)法, 分析了在用超声波设备制备乳化柴油过程中的乳化剂HLB值、掺水率、乳化剂用量、乳化温度、超声波声强、超声波作用时间等6个因素对乳化柴油稳定性的影响. 结果表明, 乳化剂的HLB值、乳化温度和超声波作用时间是影响乳化柴油稳定性的主要因素. 经实验验证表明, 主成分操作参数控制方程具有一定的可靠性. 因此, 通过优化模型, 可以在较少实验次数下得到稳定性较好的乳化柴油(分层时间大于40h), 可为超声乳化实验提供理论依据.     

国内乳化蜡的研究及应用进展

介绍了乳化石蜡的类型及制备方法,讨论了乳化剂、乳化温度、乳化时间及搅拌速率对乳化蜡稳定性的影响;评述了乳化蜡在国内纺织工业、人造板工业、造纸工业、上光剂、农业及乳化炸药等行业的研究及应用进展;分析了国内乳化蜡的市场前景,指出中国发展乳化蜡的方向是实现产品的系列化和规模化。     

乳化蜡的研究及应用

介绍了乳化蜡的制备,讨论了乳化剂、乳化温度、搅拌速度和乳化时间对乳化蜡的性能影响。评述了乳化蜡在造纸、农业、上光剂和乳化炸药行业中的研究及应用;指出了国内乳化蜡的现状和未来发展方向。     

Improvement of Emulsified Automobile Polish Wax

Abstract

Modified paraffin wax instead of natural bee wax has been used in the modified research of the automobile polish wax formula. The influence of the quality fraction of self-prepared emulsifier and thickener, as well as the emulsified craft conditions such as emulsified temperature, emulsified time, and agitate speed, on the emulsified wax performance were investigated separately. The results indicated that with the paraffin wax and the modified paraffin wax as the raw material, the quality fraction of the compound emulsifier was 2.1 ~ 2.5 wt% and the quality fraction of the thickener was 2.9 ~ 3.4 wt% at the technical condition of the emulsified temperature 85°C, the emulsified time of 40 min, and the agitate speed of 1000 r/min. The emulsified wax product was the translucent and neutral white emulsion with the blue light. The product would still be stable when it is laid aside for more than 60 ds. This emulsified wax was the raw material for automobile polish wax, which contained paraffin wax and the modified paraffin wax at 15 ~ 20 wt%. The emulsified automobile polish wax was prepared by adding some other surface active agents, luminous agent, and other promoters. This product would allow for cleaning, polishing, and waxing at the same time and operate easily with good effects.     

石蜡微乳液影响因素的考察

石蜡微乳液是由58#石蜡、离子和非离子表面活性剂制备而成。影响石蜡微乳液粒径的因素有乳化剂用量、乳化温度、乳化时间、搅拌速度、pH值和助表面活性剂。实验结果表明：乳化温度在75-85℃时对石蜡微乳液的粒径影响不大;而其它因素对石蜡微乳液的粒径影响较大。制备石蜡微乳液的最佳工艺条件为：w（乳化剂）=6%,乳化温度为80℃,乳化时间为40min,pH为8,搅拌速度约600r/min,助表面活性剂为正戊醇。在此条件下,可以制备粒径为97nm、半透明的石蜡微乳液。     

The Emulsification of Oxidized Wax With a Co/SBA-15 Catalyst

The mesoporous molecular sieve catalyst Co/SBA-15 was synthesized by two steps synthesis method, based on which oxidized wax was prepared. The emulsification of oxidized wax was carried out by employing Span-80, Tween-80, and stearic acid as compound emulsifier. The results showed that when the mass ratio of Span-80, Tween-80, and stearic acid was 5.5:3.6:0.9, emulsifying temperature was 75°C, emulsifying time was 55 min, emulsifier amount was 7.3%, and water consumption was 69.96%. The emulsion performance of oxidized wax was improved greatly compared with ordinary paraffins.     

A Process for the Preparation of Emulsified Wax

With the use of petroleum wax and oxidized petroleum wax as raw material and by appraising and screening emulsifier, the effects on stability of emulsifying wax such as emulsifier type, quantity, stirring speed, emulsifying time, and emulsifying temperature are discussed. The experiment results show that the mass ratio of petroleum wax and oxidized petroleum wax is 15-25%; the mass ratio of mixed emulsifier CC is 7-8%; and the best emulsifying process conditions are an emulsifying temperature of 90°C, an emulsifying time of 40 min, and a stirring speed of 700-1000 r/min. The emulsified wax obtained subsequently has better stability, dispersivity, and property.     

A Process for the Preparation of Emulsified Wax

Abstract

With the use of petroleum wax and oxidized petroleum wax as raw material and by appraising and screening emulsifier, the effects on stability of emulsifying wax such as emulsifier type, quantity, stirring speed, emulsifying time, and emulsifying temperature are discussed. The experiment results show that the mass ratio of petroleum wax and oxidized petroleum wax is 15–25%; the mass ratio of mixed emulsifier CC is 7–8%; and the best emulsifying process conditions are an emulsifying temperature of 90°C, an emulsifying time of 40 min, and a stirring speed of 700–1000 r/min. The emulsified wax obtained subsequently has better stability, dispersivity, and property.     

石蜡微小乳化液的制备研究（Ⅱ）

对节能型剂相乳化法制备的石蜡微小乳化液的工艺,乳化剂及助乳化剂的选择和得和配等进行了较为细致的考察。所制备的石蜡微小乳化液用造纸施胶剂,具有良好的效果。     

铅笔制造用乳化蜡的研制

介绍了铅笔制造工艺中乳化蜡的作用。以58号半精炼石蜡为原料,通过乳化剂的筛选、乳化条件的选择,研制成功铅笔制造用乳化蜡,产品质量达到国内领先水平。     

造纸用阳-非离子型石蜡乳液的制备

为提高非离子型石蜡乳液的覆盖性,先采用非离子型乳化剂吐温-60、司潘-60为主乳化剂乳化58#石蜡制备非离子型石蜡乳液,然后添加助乳化剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵制备阳-非离子型石蜡乳液。利用单因素法考察了配方组成、乳化时间、乳化温度和搅拌速度对乳液的粒径大小及分布、分散性和稳定性等的影响,确定了水、58#石蜡、吐温-60、司潘-60、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵的最佳用量分别为乳液质量的69.8%,20.9%,6.3%,2.7%,0.3%,得到了最佳制备条件:乳化时间为20 min,乳化温度为95℃,搅拌速度为1300 r/min。该条件下制得的阳-非离子型石蜡乳液的平均粒径0.199μm、固含量31.86%等满足造纸用石蜡乳液的基本要求,可用于造纸工业。