SiCp增强铝基复合材料与芳纶纤维增强摩擦材料摩擦副摩擦学特性与模型研究

对 Si Cp含量为 2 0 % (vol% )的铝基复合材料和芳纶纤维增强摩擦材料组成的摩擦副在干摩擦条件下的摩擦学特性进行了试验研究。试验表明 :摩擦副的摩擦系数受 Kevlar增强摩擦材料的热分解温度所控制 ,当温度低于2 0 0℃时 ,摩擦系数随滑动速度和温度增大而增大 ,并处于较高水平 ;当温度高于 2 0 0℃时 ,摩擦材料发生热分解 ,摩擦系数急剧下降到较低水平。摩擦材料具有磨损量和磨损率随滑动速度增加而减小的明显特征 ,摩擦副具有良好的耐磨性。建立了描述该摩擦副摩擦特性的数学模型。并用其解释了实验中的摩擦学现象。     

层状WC/TiC陶瓷刀具材料与轴承钢的摩擦磨损性能

采用雾化-喷覆液膜-干燥工艺及真空热压烧结技术制备了层状WC/TiC陶瓷刀具材料,在干摩擦条件,将其与GCr15轴承钢进行了摩擦磨损实验,研究了不同滑动速度和不同载荷对其摩擦系数和磨损量的影响规律,并对其摩擦磨损后的表面形貌进行了分析。结果表明:在相同载荷条件下,材料的摩擦系数和磨损量均随滑动速度的升高而减小,当滑动速度为12m/min时,材料的摩擦系数和磨损量最小,其值分别为0.276和0.68×10^-3mm^3;在相同滑动速度条件下,材料的摩擦系数和磨损量也均随载荷的增大而减小,载荷为120N时,材料的摩擦系数和磨损量最小,其值分别为0.157和0.58×10^-3mm^3;材料的磨损机理主要是粘着磨损和磨粒磨损。     

SiCp/AI有机摩擦材料摩擦磨损特性研究

对20%Vol SiCp/AI复合材料与有机摩擦材料组成的摩擦副的摩擦磨损特性进行了试验研究.试验表明:该摩擦副在不同的速度情况下都具有平稳的摩擦系数.摩擦系数在一定速度范围内随速度增加而减小,而在超过一定速度后随速度增加而增大.对摩擦系数随速度变化的机理进行了讨论.     

SiCp／Al有机摩擦材料摩擦磨损特性研究

对２０％Ｖｏｌ ＳｉＣｐ／Ａｌ复合材料与有机摩擦材料组成的摩擦副的摩擦磨损特性进行了试验研究。试验表明：该摩擦副在不同的速度情况下都具有平稳的摩擦系数。摩擦系数在一定速度范围内随速度增加而减小，而在超过一定速度后随速度增加而增大。对摩擦系数随速度变化的机理进行了讨论。     

橡胶线接触摩擦规律的研究

由于橡胶磨损机理与摩擦机理之间密切相关,因此,对橡胶摩擦机理及其规律的了解将有助于深入了解橡胶磨损机理.本文通过对橡胶在线接触下摩擦机理和规律的研究发现:橡胶线接触的主要摩擦机理是粘附,橡胶线接触的摩擦系数随时间周期性变化,并随法向载荷增大而略有下降,且基本不随滑动速度而变化.     

接触力和转速对螺杆泵定子材料摩擦磨损 性能影响研究

螺杆泵转子与定子间的接触力及其转速对螺杆泵定子的使用寿命至关重要。本文以采油螺杆泵定子常用材料,即氢化丁腈橡胶(HNBR)弹性体材料为研究对象,研究接触力和转速对螺杆泵定子弹性体材料摩擦磨损性能的影响。采用摩擦磨损试验研究不同接触力和转速下HNBR弹性体材料的摩擦系数,并采用失重法分析试验试样的体积磨耗率;利用扫描电镜(SEM)观察摩擦磨损试验后试样磨痕微观形貌变化,采用衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱(ATR-FTIR)技术分析不同接触力和转速下试样表面分子结构变化。试验结果表明,接触力和转速对HNBR弹性体材料的摩擦系数和体积磨损率均有重要影响,摩擦系数随接触力的增加而减小,随滑动速度的增加呈先增加后减小的趋势,HNBR材料的体积磨损率随接触力和转速的增加均会减小;SEM分析表明,试样的磨痕微观形貌发生了明显的变化,接触力越大,HNBR材料的粘着磨损越严重,随着转速升高,磨粒磨损加剧;ATR-FTIR结果表明,摩擦会导致橡胶材料大分子链断裂,HNBR表面仲酰胺分子链发生交联反应,接触力和转速的增加均会促进该反应的进行。     

摩擦焊接初始阶段的摩擦机制及摩擦系数

对影响摩擦焊接初始阶段温度场的摩擦机制及摩擦系数进行了实验研究。结果表明：在摩擦焊接初始阶段，摩擦表面的摩擦机制主要为粘着摩擦，在外缘区域存在着氧化摩擦。文中还通过回归方法建立了ＧＨ２１３２材料摩擦焊接初始阶段摩擦系数与摩擦压力、摩擦速度及表面温度之间的经验公式。     

电梯滑动导靴系统摩擦及能耗测量

介绍了一种测试电梯滑动导靴系统摩擦及能耗的实验装置和方法,并针对不同的导靴产品进行了能耗及摩擦特性测定及分析。研究结果表明,接触压强越大,导靴摩擦系数越小;摩擦系数随滑动速度增大呈先上升后下降的趋势;导靴的结构对于摩擦系数、摩擦能耗也有一定的影响。     

Ti6Al4V/WC-Co干摩擦性能研究

利用Optimal SRV高温摩擦磨损试验机,研究干摩擦条件下钛合金(Ti6Al4V)对硬质合金(WC-Co)的摩擦学性能.研究了载荷、温度与滑动速度对摩擦过程的影响,通过磨损区微观形貌表征分析了磨损机理.结果表明:Ti6Al4V与WC-Co的摩擦系数波动剧烈,产生了严重的黏滑摩擦,且随着载荷、温度与滑动速度的增加,黏...     

摩擦带弹性滑动率与摩擦损失效率计算及实验

摩擦带传动应用广泛,但由于弹性滑动的存在,传动效率并不理想。基于弹性体欧拉公式推导出含带离心力影响的弹性滑动率表达式,得出影响弹性滑动的因素为初拉力、小带轮动角、摩擦系数及皮带的弹性模量、横截面积;采用积分原理得到带与带轮摩擦损失总功率的计算式,指出采用弹性模量较大值材料的皮带及控制带速可降低摩擦损失功率;推导了摩擦损失效率关于弹性滑动率的关系式,并通过PC-B型皮带传动实验台实验验证。研究结果表明:弹性滑动是导致效率损失的主要因素;摩擦损失效率与弹性滑动率成非线性正相关。上述研究为带传动理论研究和工程应用奠定了基础。     

Tribological Behavior of NiAl–1.5 wt% Graphene Composite Under Different Velocities

The progress in aerospace field requires a new NiAl matrix composite that can stand against wear and decrease the energy dissipation through decreasing friction. In this study, the tribological behavior of NiAl–1.5 wt% graphene composite is investigated at room temperature under a constant load of 12 N and different sliding velocities. The results show that the friction coefficient and wear rate increase with increasing sliding velocity from 0.2 to 0.4 m/s due to the adhesion between the sliding bodies and tearing of the graphene layer. The friction coefficient and wear rate tend to decrease at a sliding velocity of 0.6 m/s as a result of severe plastic deformation and grain refinement of the worn surface. However, at 0.8 m/s the friction coefficient reaches a minimum value and the wear rate increases and changes the wear mechanism to fatigue wear. It can be concluded that various wear mechanisms lead to different tribological performance of NiAl–1.5 wt% graphene composite.     

Objective Characterization on the Dynamic Friction Coefficient of Disc Brake

As the most significant parameter for evaluating the friction state of disc brakes, the friction coefficient was characterized solely by its average and stability coefficient, which cannot accurately represent its dynamic variation characteristics during braking. In this article, a new characterization parameter set consisting of an overall and a partial characteristic parameters subset was established to characterize the dynamic variation in friction coefficient of disc brakes. Moreover, the influence of braking conditions on these new parameter sets was studied by tribological experiments. Several simulated braking experiments were carried out and the dynamic variation rules were observed. Secondly, a new characterization parameter set including eight parameters (mean value, stability coefficient, energy coefficient, end point of rapid rising, starting and end points of the up-tail, trend coefficient, and catastrophe coefficient) was established. Finally, the influence of initial braking velocity and braking pressure on these parameters and its mechanism was analyzed by braking experiments. It is concluded that the parameter set established in this article can be used to characterize the dynamic variation rules of the friction coefficient of disc brakes more objectively and comprehensively.     

Effect of Impregnation of Iodine Complex on Friction of Anodic Oxide of Aluminum

Polyvinyl pyrrolidone-Iodine complex (PVP-I) molecules were impregnated into the anodic oxide of an aluminum disk specimen. It was rubbed against a silicon nitride ball specimen using a ball-on-disk type friction test rig. Over the limited range of parameters studied (load: 0.2-1.0 N, sliding velocity: 0.6 mm/s, and sliding distance: 1-7 m), the coefficient of friction decreased to a value as low as 0.01 from values of 0.3 to 0.7 for the anodic oxide surface. Single-crystal iodine rubbed against silicon nitride showed a coefficient of friction of 0.1. The low coefficient of friction is attributed to the thin PVP-I film on the relatively hard anodic oxide. The mechanism of coefficient of friction reduction is the same as that of a thin soft film on a hard substrate.     

Experimental Study on the Friction Characteristics of Lasertex Steel Sheets During Metal Forming Process

The surface of steel sheets used in the metal-forming process discussed in this article was textured by a laser-ablation technique. Differently shaped craters are formed in a patterned structure on the steel surface by controlling the pulsed-laser power density, pulse-repetition rate, and pulse duration. Lasertex sheets formed by this process have unique friction characteristics because of the uniform surface roughness and valley-biased topography. The friction of lasertex sheets was studied using a metal-forming bench test rig. Influencing factors, including surface roughness and sliding velocity, were studied under lubricated conditions. The friction of lasertex sheets was compared with that of shot-blasted sheets. The results showed that the coefficient of friction of the lasertex sheet under dry friction decreases with an increase in surface roughness and changes little with varying sliding velocity. With lubrication, the coefficient of friction of the lasertex sheet rises with an increase in surface roughness and decreases with an increase in sliding velocity. Lasertex sheets were found to have lower friction coefficients than shot-blasted sheets over the rage of surface roughness and sliding velocity investigated.     

Stribeck Curve Under Friction of Copper Samples in the Steady Friction State

The friction and wear of a pure copper block (99.98 wt% Cu) against a hardened steel disc were studied. The effect of sliding velocity and load on the friction coefficient and wear rate of Cu samples during steady tests was studied. Elasto-hydrodynamic (EHL), mixed (ML) and boundary lubrication (BL) regions were analyzed using the Stribeck curve. The lubrication number of Schipper, Z, was used in the analysis of the Stribeck curve. The transitions from one lubrication region to another are discussed. The mixed EHL region is characterized by stable low values of the friction coefficient, wear rate and temperature. Straight asperity contact is the dominant mechanism under friction of Cu–steel pair in the BL region. High-friction coefficients and wear rates, thin lubricant films and large wear grooves indicate straight asperity contact between rubbed surfaces in the BL region. Although the dominant mechanisms in the mixed EHL and BL regions are different in principle, a steady friction state is preserved in both cases. It is expected that the steady friction state in the BL and mixed EHL regions is associated with deformation and fracture of surface layers but these process occur at different scale levels. It was shown that under friction of Cu–steel pair, two types of ML regions are observed. The first is the stable steady friction of mixed EHL with low values of the friction coefficient and wear rate. The second type of the ML region is the region of unstable friction and wear when a decrease of lubricant film leads to a change of external (roughness, temperature, friction and wear) and internal (strain and stress) parameters. It was found out that a transition to the unstable ML region occurs within a narrow range of Z parameter under definite values of the load and sliding velocity.     

石墨—金属摩擦副的静摩擦系数

对三种石墨材料与金属Ｃｕ１７Ｎｉ２配对摩擦副的静摩擦系数进行了测试。,测定了不同温度,载荷,润滑方式下的静摩擦系数。试验发现：温度对静摩擦系数的影响较小;油润滑条件下的静摩擦系数最小。     

The effect of glycosaminoglycan depletion on the friction and deformation of articular cartilage

Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) have been shown to be responsible for the interstitial fluid pressurization of articular cartilage and hence its compressive stiffness and load-bearing properties. Contradictory evidence has been presented in the literature on the effect of depleting GAGs on the friction properties of articular cartilage. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of depleting GAGs on the friction and deformation characteristics of articular cartilage under different tribological conditions. A pin-on-plate machine was utilized to measure the coefficient of friction of native and chondroitinase ABC (CaseABC)-treated articular cartilage under two different models: static (4 mm/s start-up velocity) and dynamic (4 mm/s sliding velocity; 4 mm stroke length) under a load of 25 N (0.4 MPa contact stress) and with phosphate-buffered saline as the lubricant. Indentation tests were carried out at 1 N and 2 N loads (0.14 MPa and 0.28 MPa contact stress levels) to study the deformation characteristics of both native and GAG-depleted cartilage samples. CaseABC treatment rendered the cartilage tissue soft owing to the loss of compressive stiffness and a sulphated-sugar assay confirmed the loss of GAGs from the cartilage samples. CaseABC treatment significantly increased (by more than 50 per cent) the friction levels in the dynamic model (p < 0.05) at higher loading times owing to the loss of biphasic lubrication. CaseABC treatment had no effect on friction in the static model in which the cartilage surfaces did not have an opportunity to recover fluid because of static loading unlike the cartilage tissue in the dynamic model, in which translation of the cartilage surfaces was involved, ensuring effective biphasic lubrication. Therefore the depletion of GAGs had a smaller effect on the coefficient of friction for the static model. Indentation tests showed that GAG-depleted cartilage samples had a lower elastic modulus and higher permeability than native tissue. These results corroborate the role of GAGs in the compressive and friction properties of articular cartilage and emphasize the need for developing strategies to control GAG loss from diseased articular cartilage tissue.     

Friction and wear of self-mated SiC and Si3N4 sliding in water

The friction and wear of self-mated SiC and Si₃N₄ with different initial roughness sliding in water were investigated with pin-on-disk apparatus at normal load of 5 N and sliding speed of 120 mm/s in ambient condition. It was found that, for self-mated Si₃N₄, the wear mechanism for surface smoothening to obtain low friction was tribochemical wear, but for self-mated SiC, it changed from mechanical wear into tribochemical wear with increasing sliding cycles. After running-in in water, self-mated Si₃N₄ exhibited lower steady-state friction coefficient than self-mated SiC did. For these two ceramics, initial and steady-state friction coefficients were hardly dependent on initial roughness. Initial roughness mainly affected the running-in period. The larger the initial roughness, the longer the running-in period, but the running-in period was much shorter for self-mated Si₃N₄ at each initial roughness than that for self-mated SiC.