我国国有部门与非国有部门工资决定机制差异的实证研究

本文利用微观调查数据对我国国有部门与非国有部门工资决定机制的差异进行了实证研究。研究发现,在市场化改革过程中,不论是机关事业单位还是国有企业,其人力资本的收益率不断提高,这表明人力资本的报酬机制在国有部门的工资决定中得到了强化。但是与非国有部门工资决定模式相比较,国有部门的工资决定依然带有较强的制度化特征。进一步对工资差异进行的布兰德-瓦哈卡(Blinder-Oaxaca)分解表明,国有部门与非国有部门之间长期存在一定程度的工资溢价。溢价的存在意味着工资对劳动生产率(或者说人力资本水平)的偏离,同时也意味着同质劳动在两个部门得到不同的报酬,即"同工不同酬"。这种现象的存在必然会降低劳动力市场的效率,同时也会带来资源的浪费。     

Balanced wage rate as a function of the capital endowment and market conjuncture

A balanced wage rate function is determined by the solution of a year balance equation with the coefficients of material consumption, capital amortization, labor use in the manufacturing sphere, and also with the income and payroll tax rates given by a statistics and a state budget. It is shown that the increase in the wage rate with respect to the balanced rate is possible only as a result of “eating up” the capital by the country population and state’s consumers demand. __________ Translated from Kibernetika i Sistemnyi Analiz, No. 5, pp. 158–172, September–October 2008.     

Computer skills, non-routine tasks, and wage premium: A longitudinal study

In this study, we investigate whether and how employees’ computer skills are rewarded in the workplace applying the theoretical lens of labor economics. Analyzing data from the Current Population Surveys for the period 1984–2003, we found strong evidence that employees are rewarded both for the depth as well as the breadth of their computer skills, and that the computer skills wage premium follows an inverted-U shape over time. We also found that the complementarity between computer skills and non-routine tasks is a major factor contributing to the wage premium, and that such contribution increases over time.     

基于广义数学期望算法模型的中国企业工资水平宏观调控评价研究

随着我国经济进入加速转型期,市场机制在劳动力资源配置中作用不断加大,我国企业工资水平宏观调控体系机制已成为繁复的工程系统。本文运用广义数学期望算法构建企业工资水平宏观调控评价体系,从经济发展,社会和谐,生活协调三个方面对中国企业工资水平宏观调控体系展开综合评价,分析存在的问题,为优化和完善中国企业工资水平宏观调控机制提供决策依据和政策建议。     

Cycles in economic systems with open labor markets

A dynamic macromodel of an economic system with a monopsonic labor market and variable labor resources is considered. The initiation conditions for classical business cycles are investigated for this model. Bifurcation analysis of the model is performed to estimate the effect of the minimum wage on the way such cycles form. The results of theoretical analysis are supplemented with numerical experiments. __________ Translated from Kibernetika i Sistemnyi Analiz, No. 4, pp. 48–72, July–August 2008.     

Toward a Non-Equilibrium Unemployment Theory

This paper presents a non-equilibrium, agent-based model of workers and firms, with on-the-job searching, endogenous entrepreneurial decisions and endogenous wage and income determination. Workers and firms are heterogeneous, and learn their strategy in the labor market. The model is able to reproduce a number of stylized facts generally accepted in labor economics and industrial organization, such as the Wage, Beveridge and Okun curve, and the skewness of wage, income and firm size distribution. Most interestingly, important stylized facts such as a negatively sloped Wage Curve and a constant returns to scale matching function emerge only out-of-equilibrium, during the adjustment processes toward the stationary state. Thus, from a theoretical point of view the model suggests that taking these stylized facts as “building blocks” of equilibrium models might be misleading. The results stress two additional points. From a methodological point of view, the use of non-equilibrium computational models allows for a more comprehensive investigation of the labor market, by considering the endogenous character of many relevant variables. From an empirical point of view, the joint determination of all aggregate relationships and their dependence on the equilibrium or non-equilibrium state of the system suggest to move from the investigation of empirical regularities in isolation one from the other to a joint analysis. JEL Classifications: J60, L11, C15. An erratum to this article can be found at     

Toward a Non-Equilibrium Unemployment Theory

This paper presents a non-equilibrium, agent-based model of workers and firms, with on-the-job searching, endogenous entrepreneurial decisions and endogenous wage and income determination. Workers and firms are heterogeneous, and learn their strategy in the labor market. The model is able to reproduce a number of stylized facts generally accepted in labor economics and industrial organization, such as the Wage, Beveridge and Okun curve, and the skewness of wage, income and firm size distribution. Most interestingly, important stylized facts such as a negatively sloped Wage Curve and a constant returns to scale matching function emerge only out-of-equilibrium, during the adjustment processes toward the stationary state. Thus, from a theoretical point of view the model suggests that taking these stylized facts as “building blocks” of equilibrium models might be misleading. The results stress two additional points. From a methodological point of view, the use of non-equilibrium computational models allows for a more comprehensive investigation of the labor market, by considering the endogenous character of many relevant variables. From an empirical point of view, the joint determination of all aggregate relationships and their dependence on the equilibrium or non-equilibrium state of the system suggest to move from the investigation of empirical regularities in isolation one from the other to a joint analysis. Unfortunately the uncorrected version of this article was published. Please find below the complete and corrected article. The online version of the original article can be found at .     

An uncertain price discrimination model in labor market

This paper investigates an uncertain price discrimination problem in labor market, in which the employee’s capability is his/her private information and characterized as an uncertain variable. To maximize the employer’s welfare, an uncertain price discrimination model in labor market is established. Moreover, a crisp equivalent form of the model is given, and the analytic solution is therefore obtained by employing variational method. This optimal solution shows that both the productivity and the wage are increasing with respect to the employee’s capability.     

Models of Two-Sided Monopolistic Competition on the Labor Market

Dynamic macromodels of an economic system with two-sided monopoly competition on the labor market are considered. Conditions for post-classical economic cycles to appear in such models and for the convergence of wage formation processes to Nash equilibrium are analyzed. The influence of technological innovations on the processes under study is analyzed.__________Translated from Kibernetika i Sistemnyi Analiz, No. 2, pp. 25–34, March–April 2005.     

Measuring Unemployment and Inflation as Wages Functions

The functions of unemployment and gross domestic product (GDP) deflator are determined depending on real wage rate for population involved in production, labor utilization rate, money supply, and money velocity. The GDP deflator is equal to the product of the production and money deflators. __________ Translated from Kibernetika i Sistemnyi Analiz, No. 3, pp. 103–117, May–June 2005.     

The rate of growth of wage rate as a function of unemployment rate

The rate of growth of wage rate is proportional to inflation and is an increasing function of unemployment rate. The unemployment rate growth increases inflation. The retention of a high inflation rate from year to year with a high unemployment rate leads to stagflation caused by a redundant amount of money in annual circulation and to the wage growth beyond the equilibrium wage.     

浅析EXCEL函数在工资薪金数据匹配中的应用

本文以工资薪金实务为背景,通过介绍EXCEL函数如何对庞大工资薪金数据的匹配,以实现数据匹配的速度和准确率,明显提高实际工作效率,对于目前的工资薪金管理工作具有一定的应用价值。     

A dynamic programming algorithm for days-off scheduling with sequence dependent labor costs

This paper presents a dynamic programming (DP) algorithm for solving a labor scheduling problem with several realistic days-off scheduling constraints and a cost structure that depends on the work sequence for each employee. The days-off scheduling constraints include the following: (1) each employee is assigned no more than three workdays per week, (2) each employee is assigned at least two consecutive off days per week, and (3) any work stretch cannot exceed four consecutive workdays. The sequence-dependent cost structure assumes that the daily wage of each employee depends on two factors: (1) whether the given workday is weekend or a regular workday, and (2) the sequence of work patterns assigned in previous days. A DP algorithm suited to instances of moderate size is used to determine the optimum work assignments that minimize the total labor cost, while satisfying the work demand under the stated constraints.     

基于B/S模式的中小型企业工资查询系统设计与实现

系统是基于B/S模式的中小型企业工资查询系统,采用ASP.NET+Access数据库技术,前台具有登录、工资查询和密码修改功能,后台具有工资数据导入、显示内容设置、权限设置、用户信息管理、月数的设置和单次工资数据的删除功能。     

Integrating Real and Financial Markets in an Agent-Based Economic Model: An Application to Monetary Policy Design

This article presents an agent-based integrated model of a real, financial, and monetary economy. The model is characterized by a monopolist firm that supplies a single homogeneous product in the goods market, hires workers in the labor market, and demands loans in the credit market; a trade union that sets the nominal wage; N heterogeneous households that buy the consumption good, provide the labor force, and trade the firm’s equity in the stock market; and a bank that lends money to the firm at an interest rate set according to a monetary policy strategy. The model is used to perform monetary policy experiments. A monetary policy rule which targets the gap between the current output and the potential output in the full employment case is investigated, studying the effects on the economy for different degrees of policy tightness. The monetary policy rule is compared to a random policy rule that conserves a similar structure. Results show that a tight monetary policy clearly over performs the random policy rule. Moreover, results corroborate the effectiveness of monetary policy in limiting inflation and increasing welfare.     

企业工资管理系统

最初的工资统计和发放都是使用人工方式处理,工作量大的时候,出现错误的机率也随之升高。本企业工资管理系统就是用电脑替代大量的人工统计和计算,完成众多工资信息的处理,同时使用电脑还可以安全、完整地保存大量的工资记录。企业工资管理系统是为个人提供工资查询服务,为企业提供工资计算、工资统计等服务。开发这个系统的目的就是帮助企业的财务主管部门提高工作效率,实现企业工资信息管理的系统化、规模化和自动化。     

企业工资管理系统

最初的工资统计和发放都是使用人工方式处理,工作量大的时候,出现错误的机率也随之升高。本企业工资管理系统就是用电脑替代大量的人工统计和计算,完成众多工资信息的处理,同时使用电脑还可以安全、完整地保存大量的工资记录。企业工资管理系统是为个人提供工资查询服务,为企业提供工资计算、工资统计等服务。开发这个系统的目的就是帮助企业的财务主管部门提高工作效率,实现企业工资信息管理的系统化、规模化和自动化。     

异地分布式工资发放系统的设计与实现

介绍了异地分布式工资发放系统的设计和实现，给出了系统的总体结构，并对其主要部分的原理和功能作了阐述。     

Flexible estimation of wage distributions in the presence of covariates

An estimator of conditional wage distributions based on a piecewise-linear specification of the conditional hazard function is proposed. Under a minimal set of assumptions, the estimator is flexible enough to capture almost any underlying relationship, and is not affected by the curse of dimensionality. It also allows us to derive estimates of the conditional Lorenz curves and Gini indices. The methodology is used to investigate the wage trends in Spain in 1994-1999. The estimation results provide evidence that there has been strong decreases in both the returns to schooling and the inequality indices for workers with low levels of experience; these decreases may partly be explained by the “overeducation” phenomenon, which intensified in this period.     

Calculating Gross Domestic Product as a Function of Labor and Capital

A model of calculation of gross domestic product (GDP) is determined with the use of macroeconomic regularities: the GDP is expressed in terms of the Cobb-Douglas production function depending on the number of workers and on the amount of capital in the production sphere; the function of real equilibrium wages depending on capital intensity of labor in the production sphere in case of full employment of population; the function of supply of labor depending on income from capital per head of population and on condition of maximum utility of housekeeping; the functions of demand for labor depending on real wages.