350 MW机组锅炉燃尽风的调整对锅炉结焦及NOx生成的影响分析

随着国家对火力发电机组环保排放要求的不断提高,近几年新建燃煤机组均采用低氮燃烧技术,通过低氮燃烧器与锅炉燃尽风配合调整降低锅炉出口NOx的生成,但燃尽风的调整必然影响锅炉出口烟气温度,影响锅炉结焦。主要研究分析了某电厂350 MW超临界机组运行过程中锅炉燃尽风对锅炉结焦及NOx生成的影响,并组织不同工况下燃尽风调整试验,一方面控制锅炉结焦的发展,另一方面降低锅炉出口NOx的生成。所提及的调整方式对其它同类型机组燃尽风的控制有一定的借鉴作用。     

用单回路调节器实现过热蒸汽流量的温度、压力补偿

为了实现锅炉给水全程调节，减少锅炉启停过程中，过热蒸气的温度、压力较大变化对蒸汽流量的影响，本文提出了一种用单回路调节器进行温度、压力补偿的方法，并给出了实用程序及模块实验方法。     

锅炉炉膛温度模糊PI控制器的设计

锅炉控制系统中的蒸汽压力控制,具有滞后、非线性、时变等特点,常规PID控制算法难以满足控制要求.本文设计的炉膛温度模糊控制器,采用模糊控制-PI串级控制方式实现对蒸汽压力的控制,在实际应用中取得了良好的控制效果.     

火电厂 600 MW超临界机组协调控制系统的分析研究

对火电机组的控制系统进行分析比较,对600 MW超临界机组及其协调控制系统的特点进行综述.了解超临界机组运行特性;分析火电机组协调控制系统基本设计思想和设计方法.在Matlab环境下,封装控制逻辑块,搭建控制逻辑,对实际电厂600 MW超临界机组协调控制方案进行分析研究,了解火电机组协调控制系统常用方案及实现方法,对实际机组的协调控制系统进行具体的分析.     

600MW等级超临界空冷汽轮机结构特点分析

古交电厂二期采用东方汽轮机厂制造的600MW超临界直接空冷机组,空冷600MW汽轮机采用成熟的、通过运行考验的湿冷600MW汽轮机的高中压缸,低压缸和末级叶片以300MW等级的空冷机组低压缸模块做为原型机,适应高背压、背压变化幅度大、变化频繁的运行特点,其零部件适应温度变化而产生的热胀冷缩,满足机组安全可靠、经济运行。通过对照国内其他汽轮机厂制造的600MW超临界直接空冷机组的结构特点,从而了解600MW超临界机组在提高机组经济性、高温材料选材、安全运行上所采取共性的措施进行分析。     

RH真空处理装置预热枪控制系统

RH预热枪系统的主要功能是烘烤真空槽和浸渍管。系统由基础自动化级和过程控制级两级系统构成,其中基础自动化级采用西门子PLC控制器和WinCC上位监控站。在分析了预热枪的工艺过程和控制要求的基础上,实现了按流量模式和曲线加热模式烘烤真空槽的功能。针对温度控制系统的大滞后特点采取了温度一流量串级PID控制方案,严格控制真空槽的升温速度,使真空槽的升温过程符合耐火材料的特性,达到了温度的精确控制。该系统已投入使用,运行情况良好。     

350 MW机组锅炉布袋除尘器布袋失效的原因分析及预防

研究分析了某电厂350 MW超临界机组运行过程中锅炉布袋除尘器布袋失效问题,并对其产生的原因进行了分析,提出了相应的预防措施,对火电厂同类型布袋除尘器布袋失效的分析与处理有一定的借鉴作用。     

350MW超临界机组锅炉氧化皮脱落的分析与防治

炉管氧化皮脱落在超临界机组中是一个比较普遍的问题。能源中心350MW超临界锅炉发生屏式过热器、高温过热器泄漏事件,组织分析后确定这两起锅炉泄漏与炉管氧化皮脱落堆积有关。为控制此类事故发生,减少经济损失,本文主要对机组运行中炉管氧化皮脱落的原因进行分析,并在此基础上提出针对性的预防和治理措施,为火力发电厂机组运行提供借鉴和参考。     

超临界机组协调控制策略的分析与改进

针对超临界直流炉协调控制系统的特点,具体分析了超临界机组协调控制系统的三种典型控制策略;提出了按功率指令进行前馈控制作为汽轮机与锅炉之间的平衡信号,以及前馈一反馈控制结构、非线性环节等控制方式对超临界机组协调控制系统控制策略的改进思路,使控制系统既能迅速适应机组负荷变化的要求.又能保证机组稳定运行.     

超临界机组锅炉排烟温度的影响因素分析

文章以某公司5号、6号机组配置的超临界直流锅炉排烟温度高问题为主要研究对象,从理论分析、运行调整等方面进行全面分析.对实际工况与设计偏差进行量化分析论证,得出该锅炉排烟温度异常升高的主要原因,彻底解决了烟温异常造成的能耗增加问题,为降低超临界机组锅炉排烟温度提供了参考和示例.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of rates of infection of two methods of emergency ventricular drainage

The rates of infection of two methods of external ventricular drainage in use at Atkinson Morley's Hospital--namely, (a) percutaneous drainage with Rickham reservoirs and (b) tunnelled ventriculostomies--were compared in this retrospective review. Percutaneous drainage of CSF with Rickham reservoirs was associated with a 27% rate of infection as identified by positive microbiological cultures; tunnelled ventriculostomy catheters had a 10% infection rate. The difference in the infection rate between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.015). Other variables examined, including the age and sex of the patients and the reasons for ventricular drainage, were not associated with an increased rate of infection. Most infections from either method were caused by a coagulase negative staphylococcus. The average duration of ventricular drainage before identification of positive cultures was 5.7 days for Rickham reservoirs and 6.0 days for ventriculostomies.     

浅析《野草》的版画特征

鲁迅先生一生热爱美术作品,对版画中木刻兴趣尤甚.<野草>作为其"写心之作",亦呈现出一些与木刻版画一致的审美特征:一是具有木刻版画的色彩特征,多对比、多冷色,有阴郁的美感;二是具有木刻版画的力度特征,环境描写、人物刻画处处刀锋毕现,遒劲有力,有一种"力之美".     

四辊破碎机车刀架的改造

针对四辊破碎机车刀架车削中存在的几个问题,详细介绍了电动车刀架的结构和工作原理,建立主要设计参数的数学表达式,并进行适当的分析。改造后,这种电动车刀架运行平稳、可靠、方便、省力,取得了预期的效果。     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

Comparison of the results of surgical and conservative treatment of fractures of the diaphysis of the tibia

In this paper is treated the fundamental problematic of the fracture of the diaphysis of the tibia and the therapeutic results after the conservative and operative treatment are confronted. Among 518 patients with 433 open fractures and 35 with closed fractures of the diaphysis of the tibia, successful treatment of more 2/3 was obtained in the period from 1968 to 1972. Following our casuistics and literature, whose results are similar, we find out that the average total treatment of the osteosynthesis of the fracture of the diaphysis was shortened for 2,5 months depending upon the type and the localisation of the fracture. Apolied methods of the operative and conservative and conservative treatment in relation to the velocity of the medical cure as well as to the extreme anatomical-functional results are analised. We noticed that osteosynthesis, made by the intermedullary nail and the extension of the canals or by a small AO table, by the achieved stability makes conditions of immediate motions and an early rehabilitation. Because of that it gives the best functional results.     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

参与式农业基地建设行动方案设计

为了编制实用性强的基地建设行动方案,首先,确定参与式发展的主体,搭建一个"决策框架";其次,针对行动目标,提出不同参与主体,如管理者、农民、消费者等团队与个人的目标及行动内容;最后,工作应向重塑伙伴式合作关系,挖掘农民自我发展潜力,完成三大角色的转换,打造农业基地文化等方向推进.