机械镀锌镀层钝化与耐蚀性能研究

    对机械镀锌层分别用三价铬、稀土和六价铬进行了钝化处理,利用盐雾试验和电化学测试对不同钝化膜的耐蚀性与电化学行为进行了比较研究.盐雾试验结果表明,稀土与三价铬钝化处理的效果均已超过传统的六价铬钝化,比六价铬钝化膜的耐蚀性提高了一倍以上;稀土钝化膜的耐蚀性最好,三价铬钝化膜的耐蚀性仅次于稀土钝化膜的.电化学测试表明,三价铬、稀土和六价铬钝化膜都能够不同程度地抑制腐蚀的阴极电极反应,抑制阴极反应程度最大的是稀土钝化膜,其次是三价铬钝化膜,最小的是六价铬钝化膜.三价铬与稀土钝化工艺的环保和良好的防腐效果使其具有良好的应用前景.     

锌铝铬膜的防腐性能与机理

通过SEM ,XRD ,EDS ,盐腐蚀试验 ,热腐蚀试验和电化学测试等研究了锌铝铬膜的防腐蚀性能与机理。结果表明 ,该膜层耐中性盐腐蚀性能至少优于镀锌钝化层 4倍。至于锌铝铬膜层的抗腐蚀机理可能在于锌和铝粒子的电化学保护、铬的表面钝化和锌铝铬化合物保护层的屏蔽等作用 ,3者的协同作用结果赋予该膜层优异的耐腐蚀性能     

产品介绍

随着人们环保意识的不断增强,镀锌钝化已逐步从六价铬向三价铬转化,而且钝化膜的耐蚀性要求也越来越高。ZG—203是无六价铬、无氧化剂、无氟化物的全新蓝白钝化剂,符合国际市场的需求。钝化膜外观为纯蓝色,镀层厚度大于8μm时可通过48h,甚至更长的盐雾腐蚀而不出现腐蚀,其装饰效果更佳。钝化液可用于滚镀和挂镀,使用周期长,可通过加入浓缩液来分析和调整。     

高择优取向碱性锌酸盐镀锌层的耐蚀性

采用盐水浸泡试验,电化学测试和盐雾试验研究了碱性锌酸盐体系中获得的高择优取向镀锌层和随机取向镀锌层的耐蚀性能,对比了不同取向镀锌层三价铬和六价铬钝化膜的耐蚀性;采用盐雾试验对比了两种取向镀锌层和氰化镀锌层的耐蚀性。结果表明,高择优取向镀锌层的耐蚀性优于随机取向镀锌层;两种取向的镀锌层经三价铬钝化比六价铬钝化耐蚀性要好;经三价铬钝化处理后的高择优取向镀锌层耐盐雾时间可达720h。     

一种环保型锌合金无氰镀镉工艺

在锌合金基体表面上从内到外依次制备锌镍合金预镀层、无氰镀镉层、三价铬铬钝化层和纳米封闭层。锌镍合金预镀层采用碱性锌镍合金电镀工艺,或采用酸性锌镍合金电镀工艺制备。按照GB/T 10125-1997《人造气氛腐蚀试验盐雾试验》进行中性盐雾试验1728 h,镀件表面无白色腐蚀物生成;按照JB 2111-1977《金属覆盖层的结合强度试验方法》测定,镀层没有出现起泡和脱落。这种镀层结构具有优异的耐蚀性和良好的结合力,克服了采用氰化预镀铜和六价铬钝化存在高毒性的技术缺陷,具有较好的市场前景。     

热镀锌层钛盐钝化膜耐蚀性能的研究

以钛盐为主盐,加入双氧水、硝酸(磷酸)、络合剂等配制无铬钝化液,经钝化后在镀锌层表面获得一层均匀的无铬钝化膜.通过电化学试验、盐雾腐蚀试验、大气暴露试验等测试手段对比研究了铬酸盐钝化膜、钛盐钝化膜、镀锌层的耐蚀性能以及影响钝化膜耐蚀性的因素.结果表明:镀锌层经钛盐钝化后耐蚀性能明显改善,在中性盐雾箱内可以通过48 h连续喷雾而不产生白锈.     

压铸锌合金用三价铬钝化液的开发和应用

分析了一种高效、环保压铸锌合金用三价铬钝化液的主要成分及其操作工艺条件,优化了钝化液工作的参数,包括钝化液pH值、钝化温度和钝化时间的影响.研究结果表明,经三价铬钝化液处理后的锌合金,其钝化膜层均匀,色泽白亮、略显淡蓝色,耐中性盐雾腐蚀时间超过96h;该三价铬钝化液不仅有利于减轻原六价铬钝化液中六价铬对环境的污染,而且价格便宜、操作工艺简单.     

环保彩锌镀层在NaCl介质中的腐蚀行为研究

采用Tafel直线外推法、加速腐蚀试验,研究了环保彩锌镀层在NaCl溶液中的腐蚀行为,利用扫描电镜和能谱分析表征彩锌镀层的腐蚀形貌和腐蚀产物。结果表明:随着NaCl浓度的升高,彩锌镀层腐蚀电流密度增大;在-1.2~-0.7 V区域内,彩锌镀层发生阳极钝化;镀锌层的3价铬钝化膜可阻碍Cl-腐蚀,在随后的加速腐蚀试验所产生的腐蚀产物可再次阻碍Cl-腐蚀;由于Cl-存在强吸附和强穿透性,使得钝化膜产生破裂并使Zn腐蚀;随着时间的增加,在Cl-的进一步作用下,钝化膜被破坏殆尽,甚至有些已经侵入基体形成Zn-Fe原电池加速了Zn的腐蚀。     

户外大气加速腐蚀试验机的研制

研制了大气加速腐蚀试验机,经过户外大气加速腐蚀试验和自然暴露腐蚀试验,两种试验Q235钢的腐蚀规律相同,并具有相同的腐蚀产物。Q235钢经过加速腐蚀试验,其腐蚀失重明显大于自然暴露腐蚀试验,使用大气加速腐蚀试验机进行材料腐蚀试验,具有加速性和可行性。     

纯锌在我国热带海洋大气环境耐蚀寿命预测模型

采用周浸加速腐蚀试验模拟纯锌在热带海洋大气环境的腐蚀行为,通过对比腐蚀形貌、腐蚀产物、腐蚀动力学等定性和定量地评价周浸试验与户外大气暴露腐蚀试验的相关性。结果表明:周浸腐蚀试验后,纯锌的腐蚀形貌、腐蚀产物组成及腐蚀动力学均与实际海洋大气环境暴露结果具有较好的相关性;通过灰色关联分析法分析发现采用2%Na Cl溶液模拟万宁大气、5%Na Cl溶液模拟西沙大气兼具模拟性和加速性;采用周浸加速腐蚀试验方法建立纯锌在万宁、西沙两种海洋大气环境下服役的耐蚀寿命预测模型,分别为Twn=95.23t 1.01、Txs=841.60t 0.16。     

The factor time at the formation and development of the passive layer in the atmosphere

Passive layers on high alloyed chromium nickel steels protect the metal from corrosion. The protective effect of the passive layer, however, does not immediately exist after the final surface treatment. Some time is necessary to form the protective layer. The exposure conditions are also decisive for the formation and further development of the passive layer besides the surface treatment. Samples of different chromium nickel steels are pickled and active passivated before they are exposed under laboratory conditions and in outdoor climates at different locations. The state of the corrosion resistance of the surface is determined with electrochemical noise measurements after different exposure times. The decreasing activity of the surface with an increasing exposure time indicates the further formation process of the protective qualities of the passive layer. An index which quantifies the state of the surface at the time of the measuring is calculated from the measured potential and potential noise signals. With these results, the development of the passive layer can be assessed and the corrosion resistance of the metal can then be estimated.     

Preparation and Corrosion Resistance of Silicate Passivation Film Formed on Galvanized Zn Coatings

In this paper,one kind of silicate passivation technics was reported and by which method silicate passivation film on galvanized Zn coatings with satisfactory property was got.Zn coatings were prepared by conventional plating technics.The solution composition and operating conditions of passivation are:sodium silicate 10-30 g/L,H2SO4 5 mL/L,HNO3 5 mL/L,H2O2 5-20 mL/L,pH 1.5-2.5,passivation time 5-30 s,temperature 25℃.The corrosion resistance of galvanized Zn coatings with different passivated technics were investigated by NSS corrosion test and compared with Zn coatings treated by Cr(VI)and Cr(III).The silicate passivation film can keep no rust for 72 h and obviously shows the best property.Surface morphologies of galvanized Zn coatings with different passivated method were got by metallurgical microscopy,and the silicate passivation film shows the most uniform surface,and has the least micro-hole.All the results show that silicate passivation technics can provide galvanized Zn coatings superior anti-corrosion performance and simultaneously avoid the pollution of chromium,so this technology has a wide application in future.     

微弧氧化陶瓷层后处理技术的研究现状及展望

微弧氧化陶瓷层表面孔隙的存在加速了陶瓷层的腐蚀,后处理技术有效地提高了微弧氧化陶瓷层的耐蚀性、耐磨性和功能性。本文介绍了水热处理、溶胶凝胶技术、化学镀和有机涂覆技术等在微弧氧化陶瓷层后处理中的应用情况,展望了微弧氧化陶瓷层的后处理技术的发展方向和前景。     

金属覆盖层的大气曝露试验

通过金属覆盖层的自然曝露试验、玻璃框下的曝露试验、人工加速试验、腐蚀形貌和腐蚀产物分析,考核了不同金属覆盖层的防蚀性能,筛选出了耐酸雨的经济有效防护体系。试验表明：加强工艺控制是先进有效防护体系发挥其效能的关键。其研究结果对汽车、摩托车、户外装饰及防护等具有重要参考价值。     

The Structure and Protective Properties of Zinc and Nickel Alternate Electrodeposits

A NEW TYPE of coatings consisting of a large numberof laminar deposits has been the keen subject of muchresearch,because these layered-structure coatingspossess improved properties or novel phenomenon suchas increased mechanical strength,micro-hardness,giantmagnetoresistance and corrosion resistance[1"6'.Thesecoating systems with individual layers making upoverall structure are also called compositionallymodulated multilayer(CMM)coatings'3"5'.In view ofthe plating historical use of surface…     

65Mn高弹性垫片的机械镀锌研究

目的克服65Mn高弹性垫片电镀锌产生的氢脆问题。方法采用机械镀锌方法在65Mn高弹性垫片表面制备了镀锌层,采用目测法观察镀层的外观及镀层完整情况,采用硫酸铜试验分析镀层厚度的均匀性,采用划格试验法测试镀层的结合强度,采用铁试剂方法检测镀层的孔隙率,通过预紧固检测分析了镀液p H值对镀后垫片氢脆的影响,采用中性盐雾实验法检测了钝化对镀层耐蚀性能的影响。结果制备的机械镀锌层表面平滑,覆盖完整,无起皮、漏镀等缺陷。镀层呈灰亮色,厚度均匀,具有足够的致密度。当镀液环境的p H值较低时(1~2和2~3),施镀过程造成一定程度的氢脆隐患;镀液环境的p H值为3~4时,机械镀锌垫片不会发生裂纹或断裂。结论施镀时,镀液环境的p H值调整为3~4,或垫片在镀锌后装配前自然放置1~2周,采用机械镀锌的方法可消除65Mn高弹性垫片镀锌过程中的氢脆现象。钝化处理可推迟或防止65Mn高弹性垫片机械镀锌层白锈的产生。     

镁合金防蚀处理的研究现状及动向

讨论了镁合金的耐蚀性影响因素，综述了镁合金化学处理、阳极氧化、有机涂层、金属镀层以及激光表面处理、离子注入和物理气相沉积等工艺的特点，膜层的结构与性能；分析了国内外镁合金防蚀处理的研究现状及应用前景。     

硫酸盐电镀三价铬镀层性能研究

为对硫酸盐体系三价铬镀层性能进行更深入的了解,分析了电镀时间对镀层厚度、表面形貌和镀层耐蚀性的影响.采用X射线荧光光谱仪、体视显微系统对镀层厚度和形貌进行了测试;通过CASS试验、Tafel曲线和EIS曲线测试,对采用不同电镀时间制备的三价铬镀层及六价铬镀层的耐蚀性进行了分析.试验结果显示:三价铬镀层厚度基本随电镀时间的增加而线性增加;电镀时间达到10min时,镀层表面形貌由微孔变为微裂纹状,镀层耐蚀性最好;硫酸盐体系三价铬镀层的耐蚀性与六价铬镀层的耐蚀性相当.可见,硫酸盐体系三价铬镀层具有优良的耐蚀性.     

Technology of antique imitation for surface of nonmetal artworks

Two different technologies, electro-brush plating and arc spraying, were employed to deposit copper film and brass coating on the surface of nonmetal artworks, respectively. The principles of the oxidizing corrosion and coloring were researched. The nonmetal artworks attain vivid and ancient bronze effect by the surface deposition and surface coloring processing. By using this technology, the problems of difficulty-to-plating copper and difficulty-to-archaizing for the large outdoor sculptures and other artworks can be solved, and it has prospective application due to low investment.