电火花线切割五轴联动加工运动规律及仿真研究

为研究空间曲面的加工过程和规律,提出电火花线切割五轴加工计算机仿真技术研究方法.分析了空间曲面电火花线切割加工的特点及运动规律,建立了电火花线切割多轴加工系统运动的数学模型.通过运行相应的仿真程序,可以在计算机上直接观察到电火花线切割加工的全部过程,获得了比较理想的仿真结果.仿真所得到的理想加工参数为复杂零件加工提供了理论基础.从而拓宽了电火花线切割加工的工艺范围,解决了空间曲面零件的加工难题.     

空间曲面电火花线切割CAD/CAM系统

为解决高速走丝电火花线切割机床加工空间曲面的难题,实现大锥度空间复杂曲面零件的加工,以空间曲面数学模型和数控模型为基础,开发了一种计算机辅助设计/计算机辅助制造(Computer aided design/computer aided manufacturing,CAD/CAM)系统.其硬件系统以研制的数控转摆摆工作台为核心装置,并与现有高速走丝电火花线切割机床结合,组成空间曲面线切割加工系统.其软件系统可以根据上下导线的参数方程进行分析计算,建立空间曲面的三维模型,自动生成NC加工代码,进行加工仿真和空间曲面零件的加工.利用本系统进行典型空间复杂曲面零件的加工试验,结果表明加工结果与仿真结果基本相似.此外,还分析数控模型以及回摆间隙角对加工误差的影响.这些工作为解决高速走丝电火花线切割加工空间曲面的难题打下基础.     

空间曲面线切割多轴联动加工系统开发及应用

开发了能实现空间曲面零件电火花线切割加工的多轴联动加工系统,分析了系统的组成和运动参数。依据空间解析几何直纹曲面形成原理,建立了五轴联动加工的数学模型体系,获得了五轴联动加工三导线曲面零件的数学模型。研制了多轴联动加工系统的执行机构转摆摆数控工作台及数控系统,加工出理想的实验样件。解决了空间曲面零件的加工难题,拓宽了高速走丝电火花线切割加工的应用范围。该方法在模具制造及空间曲面零件加工中得到广泛应用。     

线切割五轴联动加工技术开发与仿真

为解决复杂曲面零件的加工难题,开发了以"转、摆、摆数控工作台"为核心的复杂曲面电火花线切割加工系统.分析了复杂曲面线切割加工的运动规律,提出电火花线切割五轴加工计算机仿真技术研究方法.通过运行相应的仿真程序,可以在计算机上直接观察到电火花线切割加工的全部过程,获得了比较理想的仿真结果.开发出一套加工性能稳定的五轴联动电...     

工件超声振动电火花线切割复合加工试验研究

借助ANSYS软件对变幅杆、夹具和工件进行整体的动力学研究,设计了一套超声振动电火花线切割复合加工装置。在相同加工参数下,分别采用工件超声振动电火花线切割复合加工和传统的电火花线切割加工对45钢进行切割试验。试验结果表明:与传统的电火花线切割加工相比,超声振动电火花线切割复合加工的效率提高了约15%,表面粗糙度减小了约10%。     

高速走丝线切割加工质量的改善与提高

深入分析了影响电火花线切割加工工件表面质量的各种因素，提出了改善并提高电火花线切割加工精度和表面质量的措施和方法。     

复杂曲面零件电火花线切割加工系统研究

开发了以新型翻转式自动分度数控回转工作台为核心的复杂曲面电火花线切割加工系统。阐明了系统的运动规律,建立了通用数学模型,并进行了计算机仿真和样件加工实验研究。利用该数控回转工作台,采用二维加工信息流控制技术,与国产高速走丝电火花线切割机床相结合,从根本上解决复杂曲面零件高速走丝电火花线切割加工的关键技术问题,大幅度提高了线切割加工的加工质量和生产效率。该方法在模具制造中得到了良好的应用。     

电火花线切割车削机床的研究及实现

介绍了数控电火花线切割车削机床的机械结构及利用旋转主轴进行的加工.电火花线切割车削机床利用数控线切割机床新增加的旋转轴,不仅可以加工大锥度的圆台,还可以加工形状复杂的空间曲面零件.为解决快走丝电火花线切割加工空间曲面的难题打下基础,具有较高的应用和推广价值.     

新型中走丝线切割工作液的研制

根据中走丝电火花线切割加工的特点,研制出一种新型中走丝电火花线切割工作液。分析了中走丝电火花线切割工作液性能对加工的影响,探讨了工作液的组成和各种添加剂的选择。加工试验表明,研制的走丝电火花线切割工作液符合中走丝电火花线切割加工特性和防锈要求,能在高加工效率下加工得到较高表面质量的工件。     

电火花线切割加工工艺的特点

1 引言 线切割加工是电火花线切割加工的简称,是用线状电极(钼丝或钨丝)靠电火花放电来对工件进行切割.     

Reconfigurable robotic machining system controlled and programmed in a machine tool manner

Industrial robots represent a promising cost-effective and flexible alternative for some machining applications. This paper describes the concept of reconfigurable robot multi-axis machining systems for machining the complex parts of light materials with lower tolerances having freeform surfaces. For the basic configuration of a five-axis robotic machining system, the robot modeling approach is shown in detail as well as the prototype of developed control system with programming in G-code. The experimental robotic machining system has been verified by successful machining of several test work pieces.     

复杂曲面零件在线检测与误差补偿方法

复杂曲面零件的高精度加工与精密检测一直是数字化制造领域的研究热点。为提高复杂曲面零件的加工精度、检测精度,提出一种集数控机床在线检测、加工误差分解与补偿加工为一体的集成化方法。介绍集成化在线检测方法及补偿系统的基本原理,分析数控加工后曲面零件测点数据的误差组成,提出一种基于空间统计分析的加工误差分解方法,在建立基于B样条曲面的确定性曲面回归模型的基础上,对回归模型残差进行空间独立性分析,分解出系统误差和随机误差,进而通过数控代码的修改,实现零件加工过程的系统误差补偿。列举一个曲面零件的加工与检测实例,进行方法有效性验证。通过加工工件的在线检测、误差分解、代码修改及补偿加工等环节,实例零件的加工精度有了大幅提高,而该系统的检测精度也通过与三坐标测量机(Coordinate measuring machine, CMM)检验结果的对比,得到了有效验证。     

复杂曲面的数控加工误差分析

针对复杂曲面的多轴数控加工,应用数学知识建模,从理论上分析了平底铣刀刀具加工复杂曲面时的误差,得出了影响数控加工精度的主要因素并提出了误差补偿方法,为控制多轴数控加工的误差提供了理论依据与补偿算法,对高精度复杂曲面的数控加工具有借鉴意义。     

自动机异形零件空间曲面精密加工工艺研究

火炮自动机中的关键零件一般具有型腔复杂,精度、硬度(洛氏硬度45HRC～50HRC)要求高的特点,属于高精度、高硬度难加工零件,特别是零件上的空间曲面槽更是机械加工的难题.以某火炮自动机中的关键件——滑板为典型实例,探索外形不规则、具有复杂型腔零件的高精度空间椭圆曲面槽加工工艺,从工艺流程、工艺装置和刀具设计以及具体操...     

EQUIVALENT NORMAL CURVATURE APPROACH MILLING MODEL OF MACHINING FREEFORM SURFACES

A new milling methodology with the equivalent normal curvature milling model machining freeform surfaces is proposed based on the normal curvature theorems on differential geometry. Moreover, a specialized whirlwind milling tool and a 5-axis CNC horizontal milling machine are introduced. This new milling model can efficiently enlarge the material removal volume at the tip of the whirlwind milling tool and improve the producing capacity. The machining strategy of this model is to regulate the orientation of the whirlwind milling tool relatively to the principal directions of the workpiece surface at the point of contact, so as to create a full match with collision avoidance between the workpiece surface and the symmetric rotational surface of the milling tool. The practical results show that this new milling model is an effective method in machining complex three- dimensional surfaces. This model has a good improvement on finishing machining time and scallop height in machining the freeform surfaces over other milling processes. Some actual examples for manufacturing the freeform surfaces with this new model are given.     

A generating method for digital gear tooth surfaces

Based on the theories of digital conjugate surface and gear meshing, a generating method for digital gear tooth surfaces (DGTS) is demonstrated in this paper. The research focuses on the conjugate motion between the DGTS, represented by discrete points, and the cutter figuration determined by analytic function in the manufacture process. Conjugate points in the cutter section corresponding to the discrete points on the digital surface and conjugate movements are solved. Automated sequence arrangements of the generating movement parameters have been performed and the discrete generating movements are interpolated in a continuous conjugate motion along the order. Strategies of error analysis and error compensation are also discussed in this paper. Computer-simulated examples of the generating machining of involute DGTS and non-standard shaped DGTS, the parameters of machining motions and real tooth surfaces verify the developed method. The research develops a new idea for the machining of DGTS, which breaks the limitations of conventional approaches based on analytic surfaces. It is of important theoretical and practical value to manufacture digital surfaces. Our method is not only be applicable in generating machining of discrete DGTS and analytic gear tooth surfaces with complex geometric design, but also in contributing to the processing of discrete digital cam and other 3-D digital surfaces .     

Using rotary contact method for 5-axis convex sculptured surfaces machining

The 5-axis tool positioning strategy named rotary contact method (RCM) for sculptured surfaces machining has been developed in our previous paper (Wengang Fan et al., J Manuf Sci E-T ASME 134(2):021004.1-021004.6, 2012). The RCM finds the optimal tool positions by rotating the tool backward based on the offset surface instead of the design surface, and can generate big machined strip width without gouging. However, the RCM only deals with concave sculptured surfaces machining well at present, and the special property of convex sculptured surfaces machining has not been fully exploited. To resolve this problem, the general convex sculptured surfaces machining using the RCM is implemented in this paper. Firstly, the tool position error distribution for different tool feed directions is deeply investigated. It is concluded that the best tool feed direction is collinear with the maximum direction of curvature, which is completely opposite to the case for concave sculptured surfaces machining. Then the relationship between the key parameters in the RCM and the tool position error distribution as well as the tool path generation is totally discussed. Finally, machining simulation and cutting experiment of a convex sculptured surface example are performed. The results show that the RCM can apparently raise the efficiency of manufacturing process by contrast with the algorithm in the software UG for convex sculptured surfaces machining.     

中点误差控制宽行加工算法

现有的几种利用圆环形切削刃刀具实现五轴宽行加工刀轨生成算法在计算曲率突变曲面时存在刀心波动问题,不利于提高加工效率和保证加工质量。通过分析现有宽行加工算法刀位调整过程,认为产生刀心波动的两个理论因素:行宽致波动量和刀轴致波动量,其中行宽致波动量是由于相邻两刀位行宽大小不一致导致的刀心波动量,刀轴致波动量是由于曲面曲率变化导致刀具的旋转自由度变动产生的刀心波动量。虽然存在两者异号相抵的情况,但也存在同号时增大刀心波动的情况。鉴于问题复杂性,从理论上消除行宽致波动量产生的刀心波动出发,提出中点误差控制刀位优化算法,该算法中的刀心波动仅由刀轴致波动量产生。算法以有效特征线段中点定位刀具,以最大加工行宽为目标,对刀具姿态进行优化。编制了计算程序并对某种螺旋桨试件进行试切试验。通过与Sturz算法和多点法(Multi-point method,MPM)结果比较,验证该算法在减小刀心波动、改善刀轨光顺性和提高加工效率方面的有效性。     

TOOL PATH SELECTION STRATEGIES FOR COMPLEX SCULPTURED SURFACE MACHINING

High performance machining of complex free form surfaces is very critical in many different industries. In this research, an advanced mathematical model of cutting forces that is based on the kinematics and mechanics of the 3D sculptured surface machining is integrated with CAM packages in order to predict the complex tool-workpiece engagements and machining forces for any tool path. Machined 3D free form topographies and distributions of errors between the desired CAD and machined surfaces are also predicted in advance. Now, an evaluation of different tool path strategies for 3D complex sculptured surfaces can be made. Theoretical simulations of forces and surface topographies for different tool paths are presented and compared with experimental measurements.     

TOOL PATH SELECTION STRATEGIES FOR COMPLEX SCULPTURED SURFACE MACHINING

High performance machining of complex free form surfaces is very critical in many different industries. In this research, an advanced mathematical model of cutting forces that is based on the kinematics and mechanics of the 3D sculptured surface machining is integrated with CAM packages in order to predict the complex tool-workpiece engagements and machining forces for any tool path. Machined 3D free form topographies and distributions of errors between the desired CAD and machined surfaces are also predicted in advance. Now, an evaluation of different tool path strategies for 3D complex sculptured surfaces can be made. Theoretical simulations of forces and surface topographies for different tool paths are presented and compared with experimental measurements.