求解层状地基平面应变问题的解析层元法

提出了一个求解层状地基平面应变问题的解析层元法。从平面应变问题的基本控制方程出发,通过 Fourier 变换,并依据微分方程原理,推导出相应问题的解析解;基于该解析解,推导出平面应变问题的精确刚度矩阵,即解析层元;然后根据有限层法原理组合得到总刚度矩阵,通过求解总刚度矩阵形成的代数方程,得到层状地基平面应变问题在积分变换域内的解答;应用 Fourier 逆变换技术,得到物理域内的解。编制了相应的计算程序,讨论了土体的分层特性对地基沉降的影响。     

横观各向同性层状地基平面应变问题的解析层元解

从横观各向同性平面应变弹性体的基本控制方程出发,通过Fourier积分变换和Cayley-Hamilton定理推导出单层横观各向同性地基的传递矩阵,然后再通过矩阵变换求得单层地基的精确刚度矩阵,即解析层元解;根据有限层法原理组合得到总刚度矩阵,通过求解总刚度矩阵得到横观各向同性层状地基平面应变问题在积分变换域内的解答,应用Fourier逆变换得到物理域内的精确解。编制相应的计算程序,计算结果与有限元软件模拟结果吻合。算例分析表明土的分层特性和横观各向同性性质对土体变形有明显影响。     

解析层元法求解层状地基非轴对称荷载问题

从弹性层状地基非轴对称问题的解析解出发,推导出Hankel积分变换域内单层地基的解析层元,即对称的精确刚度矩阵;然后根据有限层法原理组合相邻层元得到总刚度矩阵,并结合边界条件,求解总刚度矩阵形成的代数方程,得到层状地基非轴对称问题在Hankel积分变换域内的解答;最后应用Hankel逆变换技术,得到物理域内的解。编制了相应的计算程序,分析了非轴对称荷载作用下多层地基沿径向的地表水平位移性状。     

多层地基轴对称弹性空间问题的解析层元解

从轴对称弹性空间问题的基本控制方程出发,推导出Hankel积分变换域内单层地基的精确刚度矩阵,即解析层元,然后按有限层法组装成多层地基的总体刚度矩阵。通过求解由总体刚度矩阵形成的方程组,得到该问题在Hankel积分变换域内的解,再通过Hankel积分逆变换,得到轴对称荷载作用下多层地基的精确解。编制了相应程序进行计算,通过与已有文献的结果及有限元计算结果比较,证明了所提方法的正确性;通过多层地基模型与均匀地基模型的比较,揭示了两者的差异。天然地基往往呈层状分布,各层土的物理性质差别较大,故与通常采用的均匀地基模型相比,成层地基模型更能真实地分析天然地基在轴对称荷载作用下的位移。     

解析层元法求解层状横观各向同性地基轴对称问题

提出了一个求解横观各向同性层状地基轴对称问题的解析层元方法。从弹性力学基本方程出发并利用 Hankel 变换,得到横观各向同性单层地基的传递矩阵解,进而推导出单层地基的解析层元刚度矩阵。利用有限元方法组装总体刚度矩阵,通过求解总体刚度矩阵,并采用 Hankel 逆变换的数值积分方法,可求出层状横观各向同性弹性体轴对称问题在物理域内的精确解。刚度矩阵元素中不存在正指数并具有对称的特点,不仅使计算过程简化,还提高了计算精度。最后文中给出了算例来证明推导结果的准确性。     

三维直角坐标系下分层地基的传递矩阵解

从直角坐标系下三维弹性力学问题的控制方程出发,构造出一组解耦变换,推导出非耦合的状态方程;利用二维Fourier变换以及Cayley Hamilton定理得到了单层地基的传递矩阵;然后根据边界条件和层间结合条件利用矩阵传递技术,得出了多层地基在任意荷载作用下的传递矩阵解。编制了相应的程序,并将数值计算结果进行了比较和分析。计算结果表明：对弹性半无限体地基模型而言,结果与前人的结果是吻合的;而且土的分层性对土中位移有比较显著的影响。     

多层渗透各向异性地基非轴对称固结分析

从渗透各向异性非轴对称固结基本方程出发,通过引入Fourier级数展开,对时间t、坐标r的Laplace-Hankel变换,再对坐标z的Laplace变换,得到四元一次方程组,解此方程组,并进行Laplace逆变换,得到了单层渗透各向异性地基非轴对称固结问题的传递矩阵,然后利用传递矩阵法,结合层间连续性条件和边界条件,得到了多层渗透各向异性地基非轴对称固结问题在积分变换域内的解。最后应用Laplace-Hankel逆变换技术得到非轴对称固结问题在物理域内的理论解;并编制出相应的计算程序,进行数值计算和分析,以讨论渗透各向异性对地基固结的影响。     

二维渗透各向异性多层地基Biot固结分析

从二维渗透各向异性Biot固结问题的基本控制方程出发,对时间t进行Laplace变换,对坐标x进行Fourier变换,构造出Laplace-Fourier变换域内的常微分方程,利用Cayley-Hamilton定理推导出单层地基的传递矩阵。根据传递矩阵的性质,并结合层间连续条件和边界条件,求得了二维渗透各向异性多层地基Biot固结问题在Laplace-Fourier变换域内的解,通过Laplace-Fourier逆变换可求得该问题物理域内的真实解。编制了相应的计算程序,并对数值计算结果进行了比较和分析。计算结果表明:土的渗透各向异性对固结过程中的地表位移有比较显著的影响。     

层状地基上预应力弹性板的竖向振动特性研究

基于解析层元法和经典弹性薄板理论,提出了一种求解层状地基与预应力弹性板竖向动力相互作用的计算方法。从地基的基本解和弹性薄板动力方程出发,借助Hankel积分变换,并结合地基与弹性板在接触面上的相容条件,得到变换域内地基与弹性板的动力耦合方程。通过求解耦合方程和数值逆变换,得到频域内预应力弹性板的位移解。与已有文献的结果进行对比,验证提出方法及计算程序的正确性及有效性。最后,通过算例分析,探讨了板–土刚度比和板径向预应力对预应力弹性板竖向动位移的影响。     

基于解析层元法的成层半平面地基移动荷载动力响应研究

解析层元法具有较高的计算效率和数值稳定性,为此基于解析层元法研究移动荷载作用下层状各向同性地基的平面应变动力响应问题。假定研究坐标系随移动荷载同步移动,移动荷载相对于移动坐标系处于相对静止状态,从而将移动荷载作用下的动力问题转化为准静态问题。结合移动坐标系下的控制方程和傅里叶变换方法,推导出单层有限厚度和半空间土体在傅里叶变换域内的解析层元。根据有限层法原理组装各土层的解析层元得到总刚度矩阵,再结合边界条件求解总刚度矩阵方程在积分变换域内的解。然后,利用傅里叶积分逆变换将变换域内的解答转换为物理域内的解。最后,通过算例验证本文理论的正确性,并分析荷载移动速度、荷载作用深度、成层性及地基加固厚度与加固效果等对成层地基动力响应的影响。研究表明:地基的竖向位移和竖向应力随荷载移动速度的提高而不断增大,当移动速度接近土体的剪切波速时,地基竖向位移和竖向应力均迅速增加;移动荷载作用下地基的成层性对土体的竖向位移有较大的影响,且主要受地基表层土体性质的影响;表层土体的加固对减小地基沉降有显著效果,随着加固效果的增加,地表沉降的减小量逐渐降低。     

Analytical layer-element solution for 3D transversely isotropic multilayered foundation

This paper presents a solution for 3D transversely isotropic multilayered foundations under external loading, for which the analytical layer-element method is used because it has good numerical stability due to its symmetry and no existence of positive exponents. Based on the basic equations for transversely isotropic elastic materials, an analytical layer-element, which describes the relationship between the displacements and stresses of 3D transversely isotropic single-layered foundations, is exactly derived in the transformed domain by applying the double Fourier transform technique and the Cayley–Hamilton theorem. Taking account of the continuity conditions between adjacent layers, the global stiffness matrix can be obtained by assembling the interrelated layer elements. The solutions in the physical domain can be obtained by a numerical Fourier inversion. Finally, numerical examples are carried out to verify the presented theory and to elucidate the effect of stratification on the deformation of a foundation.     

BEM analysis of elastic foundation beams on multilayered isotropic soils

This paper presents a boundary element method to analyze the elastic foundation finite beams on 2D plane-strain and 3D multilayered isotropic soils. Starting with the basic equations of elasticity and based on the Fourier transform, the transfer matrix of a single soil layer is derived. According to the boundary conditions and continuity conditions between two adjacent soil layers, the solution of multilayered elastic soils is obtained to be a kernel function of BEM analysis. The elastic foundation beam is modeled as a Bernoulli–Euler beam using the finite difference method. With the displacement and stress condition of coordination between beam and soil, the solution is acquired for beams resting on multilayered soils. Comparing the solution with the published data shows that the solution is in good agreement, and some numerical examples show that the beam behavior is affected vitally by soil–beam stiffness ratio and the stratification of soils.     

Non-axisymmetric Biot consolidation analysis of multi-layered saturated poroelastic materials with anisotropic permeability

To start with, an analytical layer-element (i.e., a symmetric stiffness matrix), which describes the relationship between the generalized displacements and the stress levels of a layer subjected to non-axisymmetric loading, is exactly derived in the transformed domain by the application of a Laplace–Hankel transform with respect to variables t and r, a Fourier expansion with respect to variable θ, and a Laplace transform and its inversion with respect to variable z, based on the governing equations of Biot’s consolidation of multi-layered saturated poroelastic materials with anisotropic permeability. The analytical layer-element experiences considerable improvement in computation efficiency and stability, since it only contains negative exponential functions in its elements. In addition, a global stiffness matrix for multi-layered saturated poroelastic media is obtained by assembling the interrelated layer-elements based on the continuity conditions between adjacent layers. By introducing the boundary conditions and solving the global stiffness matrix, the solutions in the Laplace–Hankel transformed domain are obtained, and the final solutions can be recovered by a numerical inversion of the Laplace–Hankel transform. Finally, numerical examples are presented to verify the theory and to study the effect of the property of anisotropic permeability on vertical displacements and excess pore pressure. The calculation results show that the property of anisotropic permeability has a great influence on the process of consolidation.     

利用刚度矩阵法求解多层弹性半空间体的温度应力

从热弹性力学的基本方程出发,采用Hankel 积分变换和Laplace 积分变换等数学手段,首先推导出了单层弹性半空间轴对称体的温度应力问题的刚度矩阵,然后按传统有限元的方法组成总体刚度矩阵。通过求解由总体刚度矩阵所构成的代数方程组,再对其进行Hankel 和Laplace 积分逆变换就可解出在外荷载和温度联合作用下多层弹性半空间轴对称问题的解析解。由于刚度矩阵的元素中不含有正指数项,计算时不会出现溢出的现象,从而克服了传递矩阵法的缺点。在推导过程中,因不用事先人为的选择应力函数,使得问题的求解更加合理,同时也为进一步研究这类问题如湿度场、动力学等奠定了理论基础。最后,文中还给出了计算实例来证明推导结果的正确性。