医学体数据三维可视化技术

医学体数据的可视化是科学计算可视化的重要研究领域,其处理过程包括体数据的获取、模型的建立、数据的映射、绘制等操作。论文对医学体数据可视化的相关技术进行了综述,讨论了医学体数据的结构模型和表示方法,全面地分析了医学体数据可视化中各种算法和技术的特点,及相关的加速技术,探讨了目前医学体数据可视化存在的问题及发展趋势。     

Recent Advances in Volume Visualization

In the past few years, there have been key advances in the three main approaches to the visualization of volumetric data: isosurfacing, slicing and volume rendering, which together make up the field of volume visualization.
In this survey paper we set the scene by describing the fundamental techniques for each of these approaches, using this to motivate the range of advances which have evolved over the past few years.
In isosurfacing, we see how the original marching cubes algorithm has matured, with improvements in robustness, topological consistency, accuracy and performance. In the performance area, we look in detail at pre-processing steps which help identify data which contributes to the particular isosurface required. In slicing too, there are performance gains from identifying active cells quickly.
In volume rendering, we describe the two main approaches of ray casting and projection. Both approaches have evolved technically over the past decade, and the holy grail of real-time volume rendering has arguably been reached.
The aim of this review paper is to pull these developments together in a coherent review of recent advances in volume visualization.     

体数据可视化的线绘制视频

提出一种线绘制视频的可视化方法．一方面,基于体数据和视点的重要性度量使视频能从更有效的视点来观察体数据,并且每帧图像都能对数据场的内容有很高的反映强度;与此同时,视点连续高效地变化,也有利于用户形成关于数据场内容的完整印象．与先进的基于线绘制的交互可视化方法相比,新方法的成像速度和可视化反映强度更高,能以更少的可视化图像达到对数据场内容更全面的认识．     

基于直接体绘制的三维数据场交互可视化系统SinoVis

文中描述了基于直接体绘制的三维数据场交互可视化系统SinoVis的系统设计框架与具体实现。SinoVis是一个纯软件的可视化分析系统,SinoVis绘制的图像精细,可视化参数的设置与调整方便灵活,可以在任意选择的体元分类转移函数下对规模为128^3～256^3的体数据实现高速交互绘制,在相当广泛的研究与工程领域里有潜在的应用价值。     

一种改进的机群SPMD编程模型静态任务分配算法

机群系统中，结点机差异及动态运行环境是导致系统运行状态不均衡的主要原因．提出了结点机差异及负载测量指标和方法．以SPMD编程模型中的单一并行任务为测试程序，在机群系统性能测试、分析的基础上，进行运行时间相同原则基础上的静态任务分配；在应用运行过程中，通过对并发线程运行状态测试，用已完成任务的高速设备重复执行低速机器未完成任务，选取最快运行结果．从而缩小不均衡因素的影响．以空间划分大规模Monte Carlo仿真问题为例进行算法实际测试，取得良好运行效果．     

一种动态网络负载平衡集群系统的实现

集群系统近年来在计算机网络中的应用越来越广泛,提供服务的负载分配算法对集群的性能有很大的影响。本文通过对集群系统中的负载平衡算法的研究,在Linux下实现了一种集群系统动态网络负载平衡算法。通过实验结果分析,此算法能够提高集群系统服务程序的运行性能。     

State-of-the-art in Large-Scale Volume Visualization Beyond Structured Data

Volume data these days is usually massive in terms of its topology, multiple fields, or temporal component. With the gap between compute and memory performance widening, the memory subsystem becomes the primary bottleneck for scientific volume visualization. Simple, structured, regular representations are often infeasible because the buses and interconnects involved need to accommodate the data required for interactive rendering. In this state-of-the-art report, we review works focusing on large-scale volume rendering beyond those typical structured and regular grid representations. We focus primarily on hierarchical and adaptive mesh refinement representations, unstructured meshes, and compressed representations that gained recent popularity. We review works that approach this kind of data using strategies such as out-of-core rendering, massive parallelism, and other strategies to cope with the sheer size of the ever-increasing volume of data produced by today's supercomputers and acquisition devices. We emphasize the data management side of large-scale volume rendering systems and also include a review of tools that support the various volume data types discussed.     

油藏数值模拟结果的三维图形显示

文章阐述了在SGI工作站上开发的三维图形显示软件的功能和实现方法,该软件具有界面友好、图形逼真、显示速度快等特点,实现了油藏数值模拟结果的三维显示。     

Wavelet-Based 3D Compression Scheme for Interactive Visualization of Very Large Volume Data

Interactive visualization of very large volume data has been recognized as a task requiring great effort in a variety of science and engineering fields. In particular, such data usually places considerable demands on run-time memory space. In this paper, we present an effective 3D compression scheme for interactive visualization of very large volume data, that exploits the power of wavelet theory. In designing our method, we have compromised between two important factors: high compression ratio and fast run-time random access ability. Our experimental results on the Visual Human data sets show that our method achieves fairly good compression ratios. In addition, it minimizes the overhead caused during run-time reconstruction of voxel values. This 3D compression scheme will be useful in developing many interactive visualization systems for huge volume data, especially when they are based on personal computers or workstations with limited memory.     

一种实时集群计算机系统动态负载平衡算法的研究

负载平衡是集群计算机并行计算的核心问题。该文在研究了多种非实时并行系统负载平衡算法后,根据实时集群系统的特点,提出了一种基于动态任务分配表的负载平衡算法,并对算法的设计思想和实现作了阐述。     

Dynamic Affinity Cluster Allocation in a Shared Disks Cluster

A shared disks (SD) cluster couples multiple computing nodes for high performance transaction processing, and all nodes share a common database at the disk level. In the SD cluster, a front-end router selects a node for an incoming transaction to be executed. An affinity-based routing can increase the buffer hit ratio of each node by clustering transactions referencing similar data to be executed on the same node. However, the affinity-based routing is non-adaptive to the changes of the system load. This means that a specific node would be overloaded if corresponding transactions rush into the system. In this paper, we propose a new transaction routing algorithm, named Dynamic Affinity Cluster Allocation (DACA). DACA can make an optimal balance between the affinity-based routing and indiscriminate sharing of load in the SD cluster. As a result, DACA can increase the buffer hit ratio and reduce the frequency of inter-node buffer invalidations while achieving the dynamic load balancing.     

机群系统的动态负载平衡方法研究

通过对机群系统中的动态负载平衡算法的研究,解决任务再分配时由于进程迁移而引起额外开销较大的问题,提出了一个有效的动态负载平衡算法。通过实验结果分析,可以证明此算法能够提高并行程序的运行性能。     

基于热点内容的下载服务Web集群动态负载均衡

文中针对提供下载服务的Web集群,提出了一种新的负载均衡方案,通过对热点内容的动态冗余来提高整个集群的性能,使整个集群达到负载均衡,并由仿真实验和具体的实例验证了文中提出的方案,证明了该方案的实际效果。     

基于数据场特征的直接体绘制方法

论文在数据点分类的基础上,采用不同的方式计算表面采样点和内部采样点的颜色,改进了物质单一的数据场的光线投射体绘制方法。对物体模型内部的各数据点,采用一种简单的颜色映射经验模型来求解,简化了数据场内部数据点颜色的计算,减少了计算量,提高了绘制效率。     

Linux下基于体绘制算法实现地震数据的三维可视化

论文针对地震数据量大且为结构化规则网格型体数据场的特点,根据地震解释的需要,对直接体绘制算法进行了简化和改进,利用OpenGL和Qt实现了Linux系统中地震数据的三维可视化,取得了较好的效果。     

适用于地震数据可视化的体绘制模型与算法

论文根据勘探数据量大、内部信息细节不重要等特点,应用了变密度粒子模型,使得分析人员能对油气藏的位置和储量等进行分析,从而能准确地确定钻井的位置,减少了风险。对传统的光线投射算法作了改进,对光线和体素立方体进行了离散化处理,以层为单位遍历数据场,大大地减少了绘制时间,节约了内存空间。     

基于读写任务分发的数据库集群服务器的实现

该文在LVS基础之上将网络中传送的数据包变成SQL语句,通过负载均衡器把任务均衡分发到数据库集群服务器中,从而提高了查询、更新效率和实现了负载均衡、数据同步;同时通过替换策略和更新策略消除了单负载均衡器的瓶颈问题。     

A repartitioning hypergraph model for dynamic load balancing

In parallel adaptive applications, the computational structure of the applications changes over time, leading to load imbalances even though the initial load distributions were balanced. To restore balance and to keep communication volume low in further iterations of the applications, dynamic load balancing (repartitioning) of the changed computational structure is required. Repartitioning differs from static load balancing (partitioning) due to the additional requirement of minimizing migration cost to move data from an existing partition to a new partition. In this paper, we present a novel repartitioning hypergraph model for dynamic load balancing that accounts for both communication volume in the application and migration cost to move data, in order to minimize the overall cost. The use of a hypergraph-based model allows us to accurately model communication costs rather than approximate them with graph-based models. We show that the new model can be realized using hypergraph partitioning with fixed vertices and describe our parallel multilevel implementation within the Zoltan load balancing toolkit. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first implementation for dynamic load balancing based on hypergraph partitioning. To demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach, we conducted experiments on a Linux cluster with 1024 processors. The results show that, in terms of reducing total cost, our new model compares favorably to the graph-based dynamic load balancing approaches, and multilevel approaches improve the repartitioning quality significantly.     

基于多数据元的新型配网智能可视化研究

本文基于多数据元实现了新型配网智能可视化设计,针对配网自动化改造工程,设计了配网智能可视化管控平台,着重探析了配网拓扑算法,并通过GIS平台构建了配网模型,规划了潮流计算算法。通过实现分析,得出结论,基于多数据元的新型配网智能可视化设计,不仅提高了工作人员的工作效率,降低了检修人员工作难度,还实现了数据价值与需求信息的筛选。     

一种测控通信平台的动态负载平衡服务研究

为了提高基于UDP协议的测控通信平台的稳定性、实肘性和数据处理能力,建立了动态负载平衡模型,提出了加权负载因子负载平衡算法。该算法利用CPU的使用率、当前的活动会话数、内存的使用率和剩余任务数来衡量服务器的负载,计算任务队列的剩余任务耗费值,并以此确定服务器的负载状态;进一步说明了负载平衡频率和负载平衡粒度控制策略,通过剩余任务耗费值的阈值、阈长和主辅关系的解除时机两个方面控制负载平衡频率,通过任务迁移量来控制负载平衡粒度。最后通过实验证明了该算法的有效性。