马钢2 500m3高炉炉壳焊接工艺

通过对高炉炉壳采用的BBS03钢板进行焊接的工艺评定，确定了其焊接方法。焊后焊缝经超声波100％探伤检查，达到一级焊缝标准，外观检查为优，证明高炉炉壳的焊接工艺是可行的。     

硬质合金滑块在轧钢加热炉中的应用

在蓄热式加热炉中，采用4Cr25Ni20Ti硬质合金滑块作为滑轨，为了解决异种钢焊接、工作环境恶劣、焊接变形严重等问题，尽量减小焊接变形，保证焊接质量。采用局部加热焊接及焊后变形法。滑轨在炉内不平行放置，检测发现，无焊接缺陷，消除了钢坯黑印现象，满足了生产要求。     

JFE钢铁开发成功易焊接高强度中板

JFE钢铁开发成功的易焊接高强度钢板已正式上市。JFE钢铁针对高强度钢板焊接时在焊接部易生成硬化区导致易开裂和影响高速焊接的缺点，经研究后采取了轧后快速冷却以细化晶粒提高强度技术，从而减少了高强度钢板中加入合金元素，同时减少了钢中的夹杂物，使钢板抗拉强度保持60kg／mm^2的基础上，焊接部强度得到保证，为快速焊接以降低施工费用创造了条件。     

Ti—15V—3Cr—3Sn—3Al合金焊接点的老化加速

焊接点会发生局部塑性变形，同时焊接后以较高的温度复原，最后冷却至室温。其焊接点特异的热形变滞后现象会影响老化行为。Ｔｉ－５Ｖ－３Ｃｒ－３Ｓｎ－３Ａｌ合金在焊接点显示出老化加速。在本研究中，我们在热形变过程的基础上弄清了此合金的老加速机理。经焊接及其后的冷却后，在焊接点存在着特殊的显微结构，局部的塑性变形会形成平面状的和块状的散乱边比纹显微结构，这种塑性变形是以焊接后的热应力为起因，由冷却时在位错成     

一号高炉炉壳的自保护焊接

对一号高炉炉壳应用半自动药世焊丝自保护焊，经焊前试验和对炉壳焊后质量采用超声波探伤抽检，结果表明，自保护焊的焊接质量较好，焊接速度比手工焊快两倍。     

日本千叶厂三号热带轧机的中间坯焊接技术

日本川崎钢铁公司千叶厂为在３号热带轧机上采用无头轧制技术，要求在短时间内对粗轧机中间坯进行焊接并使其具有稳定的焊接强度。为此，该厂开发了感应加热＋对焊方式的中间坯焊接技术。这种焊接方式首先是将需焊接的前一根中间坯的尾端和后一根中间坯的前端对置并隔开微小距离，然后在板厚方向上垂直地外加交变磁场。由交变磁场诱发的感应电流因集肤效应优先流到焊接面上并加热焊接面。焊接部位达到熔融温度后，将后一根中间坯对焊到前一根中间坯上，同时挤出在焊接界面上产生的氧化铁皮。所用感应器的结构是从中间坯宽度方向的两侧以Ｃ形…     

高强度粉末冶金零件的电阻凸焊组合

研究了Ｆｅ－Ｃ－Ｃｕ－Ｎｉ－Ｍｏ系高强度粉末冶金零件的电阻凸焊工艺以及焊前和焊后热处理对焊接强度的影响。结果表明，粉末冶金制品在适当的焊接规范下表现出良好的可焊性。在本实验条件下，最佳焊接参数为：电极压力Ｐ＝０．３ＭＰａ；焊接电压Ｕ＝６．０Ｖ；焊接时间ｔ＝０．５５ｓ。焊前的预热处理不利于提高焊接性能，焊后经８６０℃淬火及２００℃回火有利于改善焊区的显微组织，提高焊接强度。电阻凸焊工艺已成功应用于轿     

40Cr钢的恒温超塑性焊接

探讨了利用情理温超塑性实现４０Ｃｒ钢固相焊接的可行性及影响因素，并对超塑焊接接头及组织进行了观察与分析，试验表明，经超细化处理后的４０Ｃｒ钢在超塑性变形温度及应变速率范围内经短时超塑压接即可实现接头力学性能与基体相同的固相焊接。     

大型电机转子背套焊接工艺探索与实践

介绍了一种大型电机转子背套焊接方法——经改进的磷铜焊条手弧焊，其具有焊接质量好，耗时少，推广价值高等显著特点，经实践检验，效果明显。     

36CrNiMo4钢惯性摩擦焊接头的韧性研究

研究了３６ＣｒＮｉＭｏ４钢惯性摩擦焊接头焊缝焊后状态为单一的马氏体组织条件下，经６５０℃回火处理后的韧性。     

锆钢复合板设备结构设计分析

分别从插入式和安放式结构的强度、制造过程及焊接对复合板的影响等方面进行比较,分析了如何合理设计锆钢复合板设备接管与设备壳体的连接结构。在锆钢复合板设备管口设计时,如果在加工过程中能保证安放式结构全焊透,或者焊接完成后有镗孔条件的,应优先采用安放式结构;对接管锆衬里的设计,一方面应尽量少采用在密封面上用螺钉紧固的结构,而采用焊环与钢法兰直接钎焊的连接结构,另一方面当工作温度超过150℃时,对于公称直径大于100mm的管口,设备内部盖板应优先采用翻边结构;设计检漏嘴时,应考虑检漏嘴通气、检漏和信号孔的多重用途下进行设置,总结出检漏嘴设置的几项原则。     

Pharmaceutical container/closure integrity. I: Mass spectrometry-based helium leak rate detection for rubber-stoppered glass vials

The development of mass spectrometry-based leak detection for pharmaceutical container integrity was undertaken to provide an alternative to microbial challenge testing. Standard 10-mL vials were modified to contain pinholes (0.5 to 10 microns) by affixing micropipettes with epoxy into 2-mm vial side wall holes. The absolute leak rate was determined using vials that were sealed in a tracer (helium) environment with butyl rubber stoppers and crimps. Alternatively leak rates were determined using vials that were sealed in room air and exposed to tracer under pressure (charging or bombing). Tracer leak rates were measured with mass spectrometry leak rate detectors. The absolute leak rate was correlated the squared nominal leak radius which suggested that the mode of gas flow through the glass pipette leaks was more turbulent than viscous even at low leak rates typically associated with viscous flow. The minimum observed absolute leak rate was about 10(-6.6) std cc/sec and was likely due to helium permeation through the rubber stoppers. Heat-stressed rubber stoppers did not affect the baseline absolute leak rate. Adsorption of helium tracer to the test unit surfaces was found to confound baseline leak rate measurement reliability but was eliminated as a source of variation by exposing the test units to ambient air for > or = 12 hours. The absolute leak rate and the leak rate measured after charging were related in a mathematically predictable way.     

Controlled temperature tissue fusion: argon laser welding of rat intestine in vivo. Part one

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Thermal denaturation of proteins is recognized as a rate process governed by the local temperature-time response. Since rate processes are exponential with temperature, laser-assisted tissue welding was performed with and without temperature feedback control (TFC) to investigate the efficacy of temperature feedback in enhancing the photothermal welding process in vivo. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS: An automated system was developed for temperature feedback controlled laser irradiation. An experimental device incorporating co-aligned laser delivery and temperature detection was used to perform argon laser welded (with and without TFC) enterotomies. The weld strength and histology of laser welded and control sutured enterotomies were compared in an in vivo rat model. Animals (n = 41) were sacrificed at 1, 3, 7, and 21 days postoperatively, and the anastomotic site was removed for bursting/leaking pressure measurements and histological examination. RESULTS: Laser-welded (with and without TFC) and control sutured anastomoses in surviving animals healed comparably. Some laser-welded anastomoses without TFC ruptured spontaneously (4 out of 15) leading to the animals' death within the first 24-36 hours postoperatively. None of the animals in the other groups had this problem (control suture 0/6; laser with TFC 1 leak/8). The bursting/leaking pressures of the laser welded anastomoses were not significantly different than those of the sutured controls. CONCLUSION: TFC improves the quality of laser-welded rat intestinal anastomoses in vivo in the critical first postoperative 36 hours.     

2 unusual cutaneous T-cell lymphomas with extracutaneous involvement

The effects of neonatal endotracheal tube (ETT) leakage on inspiratory compliance (Ci) and resistance (Ri) were examined using a lung model with constant compliance. An air leak was created at the end of an ETT. Flow was measured at, above and below the leak by a hot wire anemometer and a pneumotach. Tidal volume (VT) was derived from digitally integrated flow. Pressure was measured at the side port of the ETT adaptors above and below the leak. Percent of air leak (% leak) was defined as the difference between inspiratory volume above (VTa) and below (VTb) the leak divided by VTa and multiplied by 100. Ci and Ri were analyzed conventionally and by linear regression. Percent error of Ci was defined as the difference between inspiratory compliance above the leak (Cia) and below the leak (Cib) divided by Cia and multiplied by 100. The results showed that the inspiratory time (Ti) of the ventilatory setting is the most important factor for determining %leak. Percent error of Ci is in proportion to %leak. The change in inspiratory resistance is complicated, depending on the ventilatory setting, leak site resistance and the method of analysis. This study demonstrates the origin of the computational error in breaths with ETT leakage diagramatically and by use of mathematics. It suggests that air leakage may contribute to a high variability in compliance and resistance measurements.     

填埋场防渗效果检测的重要性分析

在分析填埋场HDPE膜渗漏原因和介绍渗漏检测技术的基础上,对某垃圾填埋场进行了渗漏预测,得出渗漏量占渗滤液总量的3．67％．7LHDPE膜防渗层渗漏检测的重要性,并阐明了渗漏检测和维护修补减少的渗漏污染对应的价值将远大于检测和修补的投资。     

Frequency Domain Analysis for Detecting Pipeline Leaks

This paper introduces leak detection methods that involve the injection of a fluid transient into the pipeline, with the resultant transient trace analyzed in the frequency domain. Two methods of leak detection using the frequency response of the pipeline are proposed. The inverse resonance method involves matching the modeled frequency responses to those observed to determine the leak parameters. The peak-sequencing method determines the region in which the leak is located by comparing the relative sizes between peaks in the frequency response diagram. It was found that a unique pattern was induced on the peaks of the frequency response for each specific location of the leak within the pipeline. The leak location can be determined by matching the observed pattern to patterns generated numerically within a lookup table. The procedure for extracting the linear frequency response diagram, including the optimum measurement position, the effect of unsteady friction, and the way in which the technique can be extended into pipeline networks, are also discussed within the paper.     

05CuPCrNi钢等离子弧焊焊接接头的组织与力学性能

 为了研究等离子弧焊在焊接薄板耐候钢时的优越性,对2 mm厚 05CuPCrNi耐大气腐蚀钢分别进行等离子弧焊与MAG焊(熔化极活性气体保护电弧焊)对接焊接,然后对焊接接头分别进行拉伸、弯曲、金相、硬度等试验,通过与MAG焊焊接接头的组织与力学性能对比,结果表明,与MAG焊相比,等离子弧焊时05CuPCrNi耐大气腐蚀钢焊接接头强度相对提高约6%,焊接接头组织为更均匀且细小的铁素体＋珠光体,并无MAG焊中出现的粗大块状铁素体及贝氏体,焊接热影响区较小,焊接接头弯曲性能良好,硬度值及硬度分布情况与MAG相近且无软化现象。     

Research on the Welding Process of 590MPa Grade High Strength Automobile Beam Steel

590 MPa automobile beam steel strips are used mainly to manufacture the longitudinal beam of trucks.It’s welding properties are critical to the safety of truck.The microstructure and mechanical properties of welding joints processed by CO 2 arc welding with different welding parameters were studied.The results showed that the welding joints were weak when welding heat input were small and the non metal inclusions were found in the weld joints when welding heat input are big.The quality of the welding joints is good enough at 170A of the arc current and 24V of the arc voltage.Keeping the other welding parameters fixed,the incomplete fusion defect occurred in the welding joint with backward welding,but the quality of the welding joint is good with forward welding.     

液氯泄漏事故扩散范围预测

文章对液氯泄漏事故中氯气泄漏的范围用数学模型进行计算,并根据不同的泄漏量、泄漏时的风向、泄漏时间利用数学软件编程进行计算机画图,能迅速估算出不同条件下氯气泄漏的影响范围,对液氯泄漏时的预警有很好的实用效果.     

A study on weldability of zinc-coated steel sheets in lap joint configuration

The weldability of Zn-coated steel sheets 0.7 mm thick was investigated using resistance spot welding process. The effect of welding current, welding time and holding time on weld nugget characteristics, microstructure, and mechanical properties was discussed. Then, the possibility of replacing this welding process with laser beam welding was outlined. In this respect, quality of weld joints as a function of zinc removal by grinding prior to welding was evaluated. It is found that resistance spot welding current and time are the most significant parameters in affecting both expulsion and Zn-induced porosity. Expulsion was avoided and Zn-induced porosity was reduced with the decrease in welding current and/or welding time. Zn-induced porosity was completely eliminated by zinc-removal by grinding prior to welding. The best weld joint concerning nugget characteristics, soundness and tensile shear strength was obtained using welding current of 10 kA, weld cycle of 20, holding cycle of 18. Unlike resistance spot welds, high quality of CO₂ laser welds free from Zn-induced porosity could be made without zinc removal by grinding before welding.