中国农业残余生物质能利用对策研究

生物质能已成为缓解当今能源短缺的重要可再生能源,在研究比较生物质利用技术和中国农业残余生物质资源特点的基础上,分析了中国生物质利用技术的发展潜力和产业化前景,提出了生物质能利用的对策及建议。     

中国生物质能源与生物质利用现状与展望

分析了生物质能源与生物质利用在解决我国面临的能源危机、三农问题、环境问题上的作用，以及其在可持续发展和循环经济中的地位。总结国内外生物质能源和利用的现状，阐述了我国未来生物能源和生物质利用的发展方向和目标，展望和预测了生物质能源与生物质利用的途径，并对生物质产业发展的组织形式提出建议。     

生物质能源开发新技术

分析了生物质能源和生物质利用在解决能源危机及环境问题上的重要作用,介绍了生物质能转化利用的主要途径:热化学转化及生物化学转化技术.总结了国内外生物质能源利用的现状,阐述了我国未来生物质能源的发展方向和目标.     

中国需要新的国家能源战略

叙述了中国能源的形势,以生物质能源为主导是发展可再生能源的大趋势以及中国生物质能源所具有的资源优势,指出,以生物质为主导是其特质所决定的,应将生物质能源提升到应有的战略高度以及发展固体生物质燃料、燃料乙醇、产业沼气的前景,提出,建设绿色“三田”、兴办生物质能源中小型企业以及中国“十二五”期间发展生物质能源的政策等建议。     

发展林业生物质能源缓解能源供应紧张

林业生物质能源利用的现状及大力发展林业生物质能源的重要意义,分析了林业生物质能源发展缓慢的原因及存在的问题,提出了加快发展林业生物质能源的有效措施,供有关人员或企业在实际应用中参考。     

天津市农村生物质能利用现状及发展趋势分析

在对天津市农村生物质能实地调研的基础上,对天津市生物质资源量及利用现状进行了分析,表明天津市发展生物质作为农村居民炊事燃料具有较大的发展空间;对当前天津的农村住宅生物质能源利用模式进行了归纳和总结,并对农村生物质能源在项目建设及管理等方面的存在问题进行了探讨。结合我国能源发展现状及天津市"十二五"发展规划,从新农村建设与能源规划的角度统筹考虑,对天津市农村生物质能的发展趋势、利用趋势及生物质发展与城乡规划布局的关系三个方面进行了分析和设想,表明生物质能在新农村建设中的积极作用。     

2007生物质能技术研讨会暨项目推介会将召开

生物质能源是未来最有希望的能源之一,受到人们极大的关注。随着全球经济社会的发展,特别是中国经济的快速发展,对生物质能提出了更为紧迫的需求。生物质能源具有资源种类丰富、生物量大、分布广泛、可再生等特点。因此大力发展和利用生物质能源,对于保证国家能源的安全,实现能源结构多元化、改善生态环境、促进社会主义新农村建设、增加农民收入具有十分重要的意义。     

中国农村生物能源利用的CO2排放量估算与空间分析

中国作为世界能源消费大国,同时也是农业大国,其生物质能源利用在农村能源消费构成中占据很大比重。文章采用排放因子法对2010年中国各省(市\区)农村生物质能源利用的CO2排放量进行了估算,利用ArcGIS对估算结果进行空间分析,运用空间统计方法,在Geoda平台上分析各地区碳排放量的空间自相关性。结果表明:秸秆和薪柴的利用对农村生物能源利用的CO2排放量有重要贡献,沼气所占比例较小。在空间分布特征上,生物质能源利用的CO2排放量呈现出中西高、东南偏低的分布特征。     

2007生物技能技术研讨会暨项目推介会将召开

生物质能源是未来最有希望的能源之一，受到人们极大的关注。随着全球经济社会的发展，特别是中国经济的快速发展，对生物质能提出了更为紧迫的需求。生物质能源具有资源种类丰富、生物量大、分布广泛、可再生等特点。因此大力发展和利用生物质能源，对于保证国家能源的安全，实现能源结构多元化、改善生态环境、促进社会主义新农村建设、增加农民收入具有十分重要的意义。     

“双碳”背景下生物质能源的发展现状与建议

生物质能源的发展和利用对于中国实现“碳达峰、碳中和”目标具有重要意义。从法律法规、政策、行业成本、技术发展、人才培养等角度分析了生物质能源行业的现状与问题。针对存在的问题,建议从完善法律法规、强化科技创新、制定和实施适当的行业标准与政策、打造健全的政策体系以及加强人才培养等方面多措并举,助推生物质能源产业的高质量发展。在实现“双碳”目标的进程中,生物质能源将成为一个重要组成部分和战略性选择。     

贵州生物质能的开发利用现状及发展前景

生物质能一直是人类赖以生存的重要能源,随着石化燃料的日益匮乏及环境污染的日益恶化,生物质的开发利用越来越受到世界各国的关注,发展生物质能产业对贵州经济可持续发展具有重要的意义。介绍了生物质能资源、特点及其开发利用技术,阐述了贵州生物质能的开发利用现状其发展前景,提出了贵州生物质能开发利用的存在问题及发展对策。     

山东省农村地区生物质利用情况调查报告

农村地区作为生物质资源的主要产源,其对生物质的利用起着关键作用。为了进一步了解生物质在农村地区的利用现状,为生物质利用技术的发展提供参考,我们对山东省部分农村地区做了调查。结果表明,由于不同地区产业模式的不同导致生物质资源种类、利用方式存在差异,但将生物质作为燃料燃烧在农村地区是最普遍的利用形式;在工业型农村地区生物质利用设备也有创新发展,但从总体来说生物质能在总用能中所占比例依然低下。     

Biomass and biogas energy in Thailand: Potential, opportunity and barriers

Biomass has been traditional energy source in rural Thailand for decades. Country modernization, instead of reducing the biomass energy consumption, has continuously increased its utilization for both households and production of modern energy. While the GDP/capita was triple during 1980–1996, the biomass energy consumption increased by 68%, and expected to be higher as signaled by the increasing number of new biomass power plants. The legal and financial support frameworks to increase renewable energy utilization was launched in 1992 aiming for the country to depend less on imported energy, which at present accounted for 7% of GDP. In this paper, biomass and biogas energy situation in Thailand is presented. Resource potential, the promotion program and its success and failure were analyzed to suggest new policy option recommendation. The amount of agricultural residues is about 61 million ton a year, of which 41 million ton, which is equivalent to about 426 PJ of energy, was unused. The most promising residues are rice husk, bagasse, oil palm residue and rubber wood residue, merely due to their availability at the mills, which heat–power cogeneration is feasible. Biogas resources are from industrial wastewater and live stocks manure, which have potential of 7800 and 13,000 TJ/y, respectively. Instead of having the legal and financial support frameworks, the success of biomass energy program in Thailand is doubtful. Discussion on mechanisms and measures based on the past policy, which has been implemented for over a decade, is presented. From lessons learned we propose new policy approach to, in our opinion, overcome the biomass energy utilization barrier in Thailand.     

Biomass energy in North American policies

The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of biomass energy in the federal government policies of Canada, Mexico and the USA on the development and utilization of biomass energy. These policies span the entire spectrum from poor to excellent. One of the main driving forces displacing fossil fuels today is environmental issues. But there are still major barriers that are affected by government policies and that must be overcome to facilitate the displacement of large amounts of fossil fuels by biomass. Among these are development of large-scale systems that can supply sustainable amounts of biomass energy and biofuels at competitive prices, and nationwide distribution systems that simplify consumer access. These and other barriers must ultimately be addressed if any federal government decides to institute policies to help establish large-scale biomass energy markets. Otherwise biomass energy utilization will continue to rely on government subsidies and will be limited to niche markets for many years until oil depletion and supply disruptions become a fact of life. This indeed may turn out to be the third oil shock in the 21st century.     

生物质能的气化能转化及其作用

世界上生物质资源十分丰富,对其进行现代化的利用,有利于减少环境污染、促进能源结构调整,因此引起国际上普遍重视。生物质能可用两种方法转化气化能,微生物法转化生物质能可获得高热值的沼气,而热解法则具有速度快、适应性广的特点。当前两种方法都有广泛的应用,代表着生物质能应用的主流。     

Oil palm biomass as a sustainable energy source: A Malaysian case study

It has been widely accepted worldwide that global warming is by far the greatest threat and challenge in the new millennium. In order to stop global warming and to promote sustainable development, renewable energy is a perfect solution to achieve both targets. Presently million hectares of land in Malaysia is occupied with oil palm plantation generating huge quantities of biomass. In this context, biomass from oil palm industries appears to be a very promising alternative as a source of raw materials including renewable energy in Malaysia. Thus, this paper aims to present current scenario of biomass in Malaysia covering issues on availability and sustainability of feedstock as well as current and possible utilization of oil palm biomass. This paper will also discuss feasibility of some biomass conversion technologies and some ongoing projects in Malaysia related to utilization of oil palm biomass as a source of renewable energy. Based on the findings presented, it is definitely clear that Malaysia has position herself in the right path to utilize biomass as a source of renewable energy and this can act as an example to other countries in the world that has huge biomass feedstock.     

秸秆气化炉的研究与探讨

分析了当前的能源现状和形势，阐述了我国发展生物质能的必要性及其重要的现实意义，并对气化特性、热裂解的应用技术进行了总结，发展秸秆气化炉是适应我国可持续发展目标的需要。     

Analysis of a feasible polygeneration system for power and methanol production taking natural gas and biomass as materials

Co-utilization of natural gas and biomass is a successful way to make efficient use of them for chemical production and power generation, for biomass is rich in carbon while natural gas is rich in hydrogen. The present paper therefore proposes a new polygeneration system taking biomass and natural gas as materials for methanol production and power generation. The new polygeneration system can achieve the optimal ratio of H₂ to CO for methanol production by adjusting input ratio of natural gas to biomass without any energy penalty. Thus, the suggested system can eliminate CO to H₂ shift process and CO₂ remove process, which can avoid material and energy destruction; however, those processes are otherwise necessary in individual biomass to methanol plant. Moreover, the new system eliminates the CO₂ addition process; however, the addition of CO₂ is necessary in individual natural gas to methanol plant, which causes extra energy penalty. This system combined chemical production and power generation together, in order to achieve the cascaded utilization of chemical and physical energy of natural gas and biomass. In a further way, we investigated the key processes, to maximize the utilization of energy and improve system performance.     

黑龙江省生物质发电的发展及前景

绍介了黑龙江省生物质情况,目前生物质电厂所燃用的部分生物质燃料元素分析及生物质电厂的发展建设情况,阐述了生物质电厂应建设小型热电厂,以提高生物质的利用率,同时对生物质电厂的发展前景进行了展望。     

Hydrogen production from biomasses and wastes: A technological review

Biomass and organic solid waste are considered as very potential alternative energy sources in the future, leading to the realization of a clean and CO₂-free energy system. Therefore, the effective conversion of biomass and organic solid waste to a secondary energy source is urgently demanded. In addition, hydrogen is considered very promising among the secondary energy sources due to its advantages of cleanliness, wide range of conversion and utilization technologies, high energy efficiency, and high gravimetric energy density. This paper reviews several possible routes and key conversion technologies of biomass and organic solid waste to hydrogen. Recent progress related to biological and thermochemical conversion technologies is described. Thermochemical route includes gasification, pyrolysis, steam reforming, partial oxidation, and thermochemical cycle; while biological route covers fermentation (dark and photo), biophotolysis (direct and indirect), enzymatic, and microbial electrolysis. In addition, several challenges regarding the conversion and utilization of biomass and organic solid waste to hydrogen are also discussed in order to clarify the feasibility of biomass and the organic solid waste-based hydrogen economy.