基于组件的算法测试系统的建模与实现

为构建一个通用的信息融合算法测试系统,采用组件技术,定义通用的接口规范,使得在不同平台不同环境下开发的算法在符合接口规范的条件下,完全与系统兼容.在后期的算法的维护和改进过程中,接口不变的情况下只对内部处理进行修改,就能够实现算法的再测试,形成一个有利于算法开发与研究的辅助平台.     

Coherence & autonomy: issues in the evaluation of an open learning project

Abstract  This paper will elaborate some of the key areas of interest in the evaluation of the JITOL, a project funded under the European Community DELTA initiative. The purpose of the JITOL (Just in Time Open Learning) project is to develop and evaluate a learning environment for the professional development of individuals. The environment is based upon information technology consisting of telematic network linking and making available computer resources, including data and knowledge bases, and using conferencing and communications software to facilitate access to human tutors and co-learners.
The three domains in which testing and validation of the JITOL model will take place represent areas in which real user/learner interest is already evident. From the point of view of evaluation, the JITOL project is characterized in such a way that it raises some particular challenges.     

日趋重要的信息价值完整性

本文介绍了信息完整性的概念,结合信息系统模型详细地阐述了信息完整性的内涵,并提出了信息完整性技术及信息完整性技术产品所必须包括的组成部分。     

Strategy, IT applications for planning and control, and firm performance: The impact of impediments to IT implementation

Our study examined the association among strategy, the extent of IT applications to 12 planning and control functions, and firm performance. Special attention was paid to the moderating effect on these relationships of 15 technical, human, and organizational impediments to IT implementation. We analyzed survey data obtained from 296 Taiwanese companies, supplemented by financial data from publicly disclosed financial reports. Results indicated that strategy significantly influenced the extent of IT applications for planning and control. In turn, the extent of IT applications had a significant direct effect on firm performance, while the direct effect of strategy was insignificant. The relationship between strategy and the extent of IT applications, and between the latter and firm performance were both stronger when the level of impediments to IT implementation was low. The findings went beyond these general relationships to reveal systematic differences in the specific IT applications and impediments of firms pursuing different strategies.     

火电厂信息化建设的几点看法

介绍了信息技术在火电厂应用情况,并提出了建议。     

Efficient indexing of interval time sequences

Time sequences, which are ordered sets of observations, have been studied in various database applications. In this paper, we introduce a new class of time sequences where each observation is represented by an interval rather than a number. Such sequences may arise in many situations. For instance, we may not be able to determine the exact value at a time point due to uncertainty or aggregation. Such observation may be represented better by a range of possible values. Similarity search with interval time sequences as both query and data sequences poses a new challenge for research. We first address the issue of (dis)similarity measures for interval time sequences. We choose an L₁ norm-based measure because it effectively quantifies the degree of overlapping and remoteness between two intervals, and is invariant irrespective of the position of an interval when it is enclosed within another interval. We next propose an efficient indexing technique for fast retrieval of similar interval time sequences from large databases. More specifically, we propose: (1) to extract a segment-based feature vector for each sequence, and (2) to map each feature vector to either a point or a hyper-rectangle in a multi-dimensional feature space. We then show how we can use existing multi-dimensional index structures such as the R-tree for efficient query processing. The proposed method guarantees no false dismissals. Experimental results show that, for synthetic and real stock data, it is superior to sequential scanning in performance and scales well with the data size.     

An information architecture for a performance management framework by collaborating SMEs

Recently, much attention has been given to performance management within collaborative environments resulting in a wide variety of performance measurement/management frameworks. However, practically all of these frameworks present a common gap regarding the information treatment needs that support these frameworks. This issue is even more important in the case of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) due to their special characteristics. For that purpose, this paper presents an approach called Global Performance Management (GPM) Framework composed of a methodology, an information architecture and a technological solution, focusing mainly on the information architecture. The methodology guides SMEs when defining, developing, deploying and operating the GPM framework. The information architecture consists of a set of elements that support the tasks of collection, treatment and analysis of the used information, which complement the methodology to build a real model for the GPM framework. Finally, the technological solution bridges the engineering and conceptual environment, with the real-world operational and executable environment, following the path defined by the methodology. The information architecture was applied to two European pilots, achieving satisfactory results, which are highlighted in the paper as well as the main barriers encountered and solutions provided.     

信息化社会发展历程的回顾与展望

本文第一部分介绍了西方国家信息化发展的基本过程,并且对未来可能出现的信息化社会做了一些可能性分析和推测;在第二部分,主要介绍了我国信息化发展的主要内容;文章最后提出了未来信息化发展将出现的几个趋势。     

Extending technology usage to work settings: The role of perceived work compatibility in ERP implementation

Spanning over three decades and hundreds of studies, researchers have generated models, that examined user perceptions of technological attributes presumed to influence intention to use IT and consequent usage behavior. While these theories have provided reasonable explanations of IT usage across a broad range of technological and task settings, they did not address the role of IT in organizations, though they have been tested in organizational contexts, the models have not been modified to fit the context of organizational work. Current models are good at explaining IT usage in personal-settings, but they have not adequately examined the role of IT in organizations and thus have limited explanatory power in such settings. Furthermore, organizations deploy IT both to maximize its usage and to derive performance benefits from it. However, current IT usage models generally only consider IT usage as the dependent variable, without examining its performance impact. We extended IT usage models to include the role of IT's perceived work compatibility in shaping users’ IT usage intention, usage, and performance in work settings. The model was empirically validated using a field survey of 138 users of ERP systems in 62 firms in China.     

智能化信息检索技术的分析及设计

随着人们对信息化技术的要求提高,信息化检索技术也呈现智能化的发展,研究智能化信息检索技术能够提升人们在信息检索中的便捷性,获得更好的信息服务。同时,信息检索设计涉及复杂的专业技术,提升信息检索的智能化也是信息设计的重要内容。本文主要分析了信息检索技术的基础理论,并针对信息检索技术的发展趋势及要求进行了阐述,最后研究了智能化信息检索技术设计,从而为信息检索技术的发展提供理论参考。     

网络环境下精品课程教师信息技术能力培养研究

2003年4月教育部下发了《教育部关于启动高等学校教学质量与教学改革工程精品课程建设工作的通知》,要求全国高等学校启动教学质量与教学改革工程精品课程建设工作。广大教师积极参与其中,努力建设自己所教授的课程,力争成为精品课程。但是,在精品课建设当中,由于专业教师信息技术能力欠缺,使课程建设遇到了瓶颈。本文从分析精品课教师具备信息技术能力的必要性入手,指出精品课教师应该具备的信息技术能力,最后提出精品课教师在网络环境下提高信息技术能力的途径。     

电子化供应链研究的国际动态与述评

电子化是供应链管理发展的一个主旋律, 由于信息技术的发展与支持作用, 使供应链管理的各种思想与理论得到实现。首先从电子化供应链的数据管理与通信基础技术( 电子数据交换EDI/ Internet、产品数据管理PDM、扩展标记语言XML) 和电子化供应链的应用技术( 企业资源计划ERP、供应商与客户资源管理系统) 两个层面全面系统地综述了国际研究动态, 评述了研究现状中存在的不足; 然后指出目前电子化供应链研究存在的两个问题: 影响电子化供应链采用因素及供应链结构与电子化匹配关系与绩效评价问题; 最后讨论了今后可能研究的方向。     

Extending the information delivery manual approach to identify information requirements for performance analysis of HVAC systems

Heating, Ventilation and Air-Conditioning (HVAC) systems account for more than 15% of the total energy consumption in the US. In order to improve the energy efficiency of HVAC systems, researchers have developed hundreds of algorithms to automatically analyze their performance. However, the complex information, such as configurations of HVAC systems, layouts and materials of building elements and dynamic data from the control systems, required by these algorithms inhibits the process of deploying them in real-world facilities. To address this challenge, we envision a framework that automatically integrates the required information items and provides them to the performance analysis algorithms for HVAC systems. This paper presents an approach to identify and document the information requirements from the publications that describe these algorithms. We extend the Information Delivery Manual (IDM) approach so that the identified information requirements can be mapped to multiple information sources that use various formats and schemas. This paper presents the extensions to the IDM approach and the results of using it to identify information requirements for performance analysis algorithms of HVAC systems.     

一种先进的信息组织和使用方式

信息的组织和使用方式是直接关系到提升管理信息系统性能的主要因素之一。要提升MIS系统的系统响应、数据吞吐和数据安全性能,有三种主要途径：升级硬件;使用更强大的数据库;改进信息组织和使用方式。提出一个使用自由软件来构建MIS平台以提高MIS系统整体性能的可能性,并在此基础上实现了一种基于自由软件的信息组织和使用方式－－ABS。由于这种方式突破了传统的信息组织和使用的不足之处,因此基于这种方式构建MIS系统可整体提高系统的性能。     

一种新型的P2P信息检索系统性能评估方法

对等计算作为学术界和工业界的关注焦点,其在实践中的重要应用主要是信息资源共享.但随着对等计算信息检索系统的广泛应用,如何对其进行客观公正的评价,确定有效、实用的评估标准已迫在眉睫.于是,在以上趋势背景下,文章经过详细研究分析对等计算的信息共享系统后,指出目前P2P信息检索系统面临的实现机制和关键技术问题.之后,经过认真总结和分析,勾勒出评价系统性能的四项指标体系,提出系统性能评估的CTL定律,这对P2P信息检索系统的评价和开发将具有实际指导意义.同时,在此基础上确定今后对等计算信息检索系统研究工作的重点--关键技术及其相应策略.     

信息安全风险管理绩效研究

分析了当前风险管理的现状和所面临的问题,并通过风险确认,提出了一个风险管理效率判别模型,以对风险管理方案进行判别,找出最佳的风险管理方案.通过分析进一步指出了基于信息资产提供业务的风险管理投资和安全事件损失的联系,并对其有效性进行了验证.实验结果表明,此方法是行之有效的.     

Accounting for information technology in corporate acquisitions

Corporate acquisitions have become key elements in strategic planning for many companies. Historically, analysts of corporate acquisitions have emphasized strategic and organizational factors in evaluating candidates for friendly takeovers. Since company data and information technology (IT) are as much a management resource as are the financial and human resources for the combined firm, the authors propose that IT fit should be explicitly considered in analysis of corporate acquisitions. An assessment of IT fit will refer to the IT environments of the two joining firms, the IT contribution each firm can bring to the combined firm, and the role that IT should play both in negotiating the acquisition price and in integrating the joining firms.     

信息化时代教学模式

本文从信息化时代的教学出发，结合信息化教学的优点及如何进行信息化教学，探讨了信息化时代教学资源应用。     

浅议电子政务在政府信息公开中的作用

该文通过电子政务和政府信息公开的概念,以及我国电子政务的现状及发展出示,阐述了电子政务如何在政府信息公开中发挥作用和需要解决的问题。     

论网络信息保密安全维护

网络信息泄露及其给信息安全带来的安全隐患愈来愈受到人们的普遍关注。本文分析了当前网络信息泄露的四种表现,并就维护信息保密和防止信息泄漏的提出了对策。