智能复合材料研究进展

智能复合材料作为一种新型高技术材料,兼具结构与功能双重特性。根据近几年来智能复合材料的研究现状,本文介绍了几种主要的智能复合材料:形状记忆复合材料、自修复智能复合材料、压电智能复合材料、电/磁流变智能复合材料及纤维素智能复合材料,简述了智能复合材料领域当前研究热点,介绍了该领域中存在的一些问题,展望了智能复合材料的发展前景。     

聚合物复合材料技术的现状与新动向

介绍了玻璃纤维增强复合材料、碳纤维增强复合材料、天然纤维增强复合材料、芳香族聚酰胺纤维增强复合材料的生产情况,重点讨论了纳米纤维复合材料、生物基复合材料、高性能聚合物复合材料的研发进展,对国内聚合物复合材料的发展提出了建议。     

阻尼复合材料发展状况

本文简要阐述了阻尼复合材料的阻尼机理,分别介绍了树脂基阻尼复合材料、金属基阻尼复合材料、橡胶阻尼复合材料、树脂—金属基阻尼复合材料、压电导电新型阻尼复合材料,以及几种阻尼复合材料的研究发展状况。     

聚苯胺导电复合材料研究进展

综述了聚苯胺(PANI)/金属氧化物复合材料、PANI/盐类复合材料、PANI/碳复合材料、PANI/聚合物复合材料及其他复合材料的国内外研究进展,在此基础上,展望了导电复合材料的发展趋势。     

木塑复合材料的研究进展

介绍了木塑复合材料界面相容性的改善方法和复合材料的加工工艺,概括了木塑复合材料的性能,探讨了我国木塑复合材料存在的问题,并展望了木塑复合材料的发展前景。     

也谈“认识复合材料,用好复合材料”——复合材料可设计思想的理解

本文以事例和对复合材料可设计思想的理解,对"认识复合材料,用好复合材料"进行了阐述,呼吁广大复合材料从业者以创新的思想正确认识和使用复合材料。     

复合材料失效分析程序与方法探讨

随着复合材料用量的增加,复合材料失效问题也日益突出。本文在对国内外复合材料失效分析调研与国内大量的复合材料案例分析的基础上,借鉴金属材料失效分析的经验,建立了复合材料失效分析程序,详细介绍了复合材料失效分析中常用的方法,为从事复合材料失效分析的人员制定方案、判断断裂性质及查找失效原因提供思路与技术支持。     

短纤维/橡胶复合材料挤出成型的试验研究

研究短纤维用量和排列取向对短纤维/橡胶复合材料性能的影响。结果表明:在恒定的挤出工艺条件下,短纤维用量对短纤维/橡胶复合材料物理性能的影响呈规律性变化;当短纤维用量为3份时,复合材料综合物理性能最佳。短纤维取向的复合材料物理性能和耐磨性能优于短纤维非取向复合材料,但短纤维取向复合材料的回弹性低于短纤维非取向复合材料。     

谈生产生活中形形色色的复合材料

复合材料是以一种材料为基体,另一种材料为增强体组合而成的材料。各种材料在性能上互相取长补短,产生协同效应,使复合材料的综合性能优于原组成材料而满足各种不同的要求。根据目前复合材料的开发运用状况,本文分别介绍了碳纤维增强复合材料、玻璃纤维增强材料、高分子基复合材料、陶瓷基复合材料和金属基复合材料。其中包括这些常见复合材料的基本结构、功能特性和应用范围,以及发展前景。     

热塑性复合材料的制造技术与应用

众所周知,复合材料简单地可划分为两个类型:一是热固性复合材料;一是热塑性复合材料。热固性复合材料得到广泛应用。进入21世纪,热塑性复合材料越来越被人们重视。特别是民用产业显得格外突出。据估计,目前全球热塑性复合材料已占复合材料总量的30%。1纤维增强热塑性复合材料的优点随着热塑性复合材料在航天、航空、汽车及其他领域应用的不断发展,热塑性复合材料逐渐被人们所认识,并成为复合材料研究开发的重点之一。纤维增强热塑性复合材料具有以下优点:⑴预浸料可长期保存。热塑性复合材料由于聚合反应已经完成,因此预浸料保存期比较长。…     

Electrical conductivity of carbon fibers/ABS resin composites mixed with carbon blacks

In this article, the electrical conductivity of composites with different ratios of carbon fiber (CF) content to carbon black (CB) content was studied. The CF content is the main factor to determine the resistivity of the composites filled with CF and CB. The conduction mechanism for this kind of composite is discussed. From comparison of the resistivity of the composites filled with CF and CB with that of the composites filled with CF only, it is shown that using CB as a substitute for part of the CF in CF-filled composites can decrease the production cost, but hardly change the conductivity. The optimum substitution amount is 5% when CF content is beyond 10% in the composites. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料的抗电弧烧蚀性能研究

用3D编织方法及2.5D编织方法制备出碳纤维增强环氧树脂基复合材料,并采用扫描电镜、硬度计、电阻测量仪进行表征。研究发现:随着复合材料编织密度的增加,复合材料的硬度、电导率变大,抗电弧烧蚀性能也随之变好,即运用3D编织的方法制备碳纤维增强环氧树脂基复合材料的抗电弧烧蚀性能比2.5D编织的复合材料的性能更加优良。     

Water absorption behavior and its effect on tensile properties of ethylene–propylene–diene–terpolymer/polypropylene/filler ternary composites: a preliminary study

The water absorption behavior of white rice husk ash (WRHA) and silica filled ethylene-propylene-diene-terpolymer/polypropylene (EPDM/PP) ternary composites was studied with special reference to filler type, test specimen preparation (die cut or molded), and dynamic vulcanization of elastomer phase. The water uptake of composites was recorded as a function of them over 40 days of immersion period in distilled water. The influence of final water uptake on tensile properties of the composites was also studied. White rice husk ash filled composites and molded composites exhibit lower water uptake when compared to silica and die cut composites, respectively. All vulcanized composites showed lower water uptake than the unvulcanized composites. After the immersion period in water, tensile properties of unvulcanized composites were almost unaffected while vulcanized composites exhibit an increase in the tensile properties. None of the composites reached the equilibrium state within the immersion period. The results of this preliminary study suggest the importance of in-depth study of water absorption–tensile property correlation of this ternary system over a large span of time till the equilibrium state is reached. It is further revealed that the water absorption behavior depends on the characteristics of the test specimen used.     

纤维增强热塑树脂基复合材料界面问题

界面在高分子复合材料中占有很大比例,界面相互作用力的强弱决定着高分子复合材料的性能和应用,因此高分子复合材料的界面改性研究有着十分重要的意义。本文对树脂基复合材料中的结晶型热塑树脂复合材料界面和非结晶型热塑树脂复合材料界面问题进行了讨论和总结。     

Durability of thermomechanical pulp fiber-cement composites to wet/dry cycling

Previous research efforts on pulp fiber-cement composites have largely concentrated on kraft pulp fiber composites. In this research program, thermomechanical pulp (TMP) fibers were investigated as an economical alternative to kraft pulp fibers as reinforcement in fiber-cement composites. Prior to wet/dry cycling, TMP composites exhibited increased first crack strength, but lower peak strength and lower post-cracking toughness, as compared to unbleached and bleached kraft pulp composites at equivalent fiber volume fractions. It is believed that this behavior can be attributed to the lower tensile strength and shorter fiber length of TMP fibers as compared to kraft fibers. After 25 wet/dry cycles, TMP composites showed losses in first crack (peak) strength and post-cracking toughness. However, TMP composites exhibited a slower progression of degradation during wet/dry cycling than composites containing bleached or unbleached kraft fibers.     

聚苯硫醚/氧化锌晶须复合材料的研究

研究了制备聚苯硫醚/氧化锌晶须复合材料的方法，探讨了经表面处理后的氧化锌晶须与聚苯硫醚在熔融剪切状态下的共混工艺条件，并对复合材料的力学性能和电学性能及微观结构进行了表征。结果表明，氧化锌晶须含量、偶联剂的选择及复合材料制备工艺对复合材料的性能有较大影响；由导电型氧化锌晶须制得的聚苯硫醚/氧化锌晶须复合材料可用作高性能抗静电材料。     

SiC基高性能材料的研究进展

作为先进高温结构陶瓷材料的典型代表SiC烧结体材料具有优良的性能,应用十分广泛,但是,单一的SiC烧结体材料的断裂韧性低和难以烧结致密的缺点使得其应用受到一定的限制。近年来,研究SiC材料在结构材料方面的应用大多倾向于SiC基复合材料方向发展。本文介绍了纤维补强型和颗粒弥散增强型SiC基复合材料近五六年来的研究情况。     

Evaluation of the moulding process for production of short-fibre-reinforced C/C-SiC composites

For the production of C/C-SiC brake discs via the liquid silicon infiltration method (LSI), the hot pressing process is the state of art technique for the moulding of the CFRP composites. This technique consists of several manual steps which increase production cost. The overall cost can be reduced by implementing injection moulding process.In this paper the influence of the moulding process (hot pressing, injection moulding) on the properties of semi-finished and final products during the production of short-fibre-reinforced C/C-SiC composites by means of the LSI process are examined. The starting polymer is chemically characterised. Carbon-fibre-reinforced plastic (CFRP) composites are fabricated by hot pressing, as well as injection moulding process. The CFRP composites are converted into porous C/C composites by pyrolysis. Liquid silicon is infiltrated to form dense C/C-SiC composites, which are further investigated during the course of this paper. Significant differences in properties of the composites are discussed.     

离子液体中制备碳纳米管复合材料的研究

与传统的溶剂相比,离子液体作为一种新型的绿色环保溶剂及优良电解质,在碳纳米管复合材料制备中得到了广泛的应用.对近年来利用离子液体合成出的碳纳米管/金属复合材料、碳纳米管/纤维素复合材料、碳纳米管/聚合物复合材料,以及在高分子离子液体、离子液凝胶中制备的碳纳米管复合材料进行了综述,介绍它们的优势及特点.对今后离子液体在碳...