Ultrasonic Nondestructive Testing of Superplastic Solid-State Welding Joint for Different Steels

Ｔｈｅｊｏｉｎｉｎｇｏｆｔｗｏｓｏｌｉｄ ｍｅｔａｌｓｃａｎｂｅｓｕｃｃｅｓｓ ｆｕｌｌｙｍａｄｅｂｙｗｅｌｄｉｎｇｉｎｓｕｐｅｒｐｌａｓｔｉｃｓｔａｔｅ ,ｉｎｗｈｉｃｈｔｈｅｍｅｔａｌｓａｒｅａｃｔｉｖａｔｅｄｗｉｔｈｌｏｗｄｅｆｏｒｍａｔｉｏｎｓｔｒｅｓｓ,ｈｉｇｈ ｐｌａｓｔｉｃｄｅｆｏｒｍａｂｉｌｉｔｙｅｔｃｔｈａｔｉｓｓｕｐｅｒ ｐｌａｓｔｉｃｓｏｌｉｄ ｓｔａｔｅｗｅｌｄｉｎｇ .Ａｓａｎｅｗｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ ,ｉｔｈａｓａｂｒｉｇｈｔａｎｄａｔｔｒａｃｔｉｖｅｆｕｔｕｒｅ ,ｆｏｒｅｘａｍ…     

Application of BAIRD Photoelectric Spectrometer in Quantitative Analysis of Iron and Steel

ＡｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎｏｆＢＡＩＲＤＰｈｏｔｏｅｌｅｃｔｒｉｃＳｐｅｃｔｒｏｍｅｔｅｒｉｎＱｕａｎｔｉｔａｔｉｖｅＡｎａｌｙｓｉｓｏｆＩｒｏｎａｎｄＳｔｅｅｌＳｕＺｈｉ①ＡＢＳＴＲＡＣＴＢＡＩＲＤＳＰＥＣＴＲＯＶＡＣ２０００（ＤＶ５）ｃｏｎｓｉｓｔｉ...     

Effect of Fluorides and Cerium Dioxide Additives onEP and Antiwear Performance of Grease

ＥｆｆｅｃｔｏｆＦｌｕｏｒｉｄｅｓａｎｄＣｅｒｉｕｍＤｉｏｘｉｄｅＡｄｄｉｔｉｖｅｓｏｎＥＰａｎｄＡｎｔｉｗｅａｒＰｅｒｆｏｒｍａｎｃｅｏｆＧｒｅａｓｅＬｉａｎＹａｆｅｎｇ（连亚锋）（ＧｕａｎｇｚｈｏｕＭａｃｈｉｎｅＴｏｏｌＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈＩｎｓｔｉ...     

Photoacoustic Spectral Analysis of f-f Transitions of Neodymium Compounds with TFA and HFA

Ｔｈｅｐｈｏｔｏａｃｏｕｓｔｉｃ（ＰＡ）ｍｅａｓｕｒｅｍｅｎｔｈａｓｂｅｎｗｉｄｅｌｙｕｓｅｄｔｏｉｎｖｅｓｔｉｇａｔｅｔｈｅｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌａｎｄｐｈｙｓｉｃａｌｐｒｏｐｅｒｔｉｅｓｏｆａｌｍｏｓｔａｌｋｉｎｄｓｏｆｓａｍｐｌｅｓｗｈｉｃｈｗｅｒｅ...     

Influence of Surface Gas-Phase Rare Earth Permeation Plus Laser Melting Solidification on Microstructure and Corrosion Resistance of Pure Iron

Ａｓｏｎｅｐｒａｃｔｉｃａｌａｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎｏｆｓｕｒｆａｃｅｍｏｄｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎｂａｓｅｄｏｎｌａｓｅｒｔｅｃｈｎｉｑｕｅ ,ＲＥ ｌａｓｅｒａｌｌｏｙｉｎｇｈａｓｂｅｅｎｗｉｄｅｌｙｉｎｖｅｓｔｉｇａｔｅｄａｎｄｒｅｐｏｒｔｅｄ[1] .Ａｌｔｈｏｕｇｈｔｈｅｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔｏｆｓｕｒｆａｃｅｇａｓ ｐｈａｓｅＲＥｐｅｒｍｅａｔｉｏｎｈａｓｂｅｅｎｐｒｏｖｅｄｔｏｂｅｅｆｆｅｃｔｉｖｅｏｎｉｍｐｒｏｖｉｎｇｓｕｒｆａｃｅｈａｒｄｎｅｓｓ ,ａｂｒａｓｉｖｅｒｅｓｉｓｔａｎｃｅａｎｄｃｏｒｒ…     

Bibliography of Science and Technology of Rare Earths Published in China(1996)

ＢｉｂｌｉｏｇｒａｐｈｙｏｆＳｃｉｅｎｃｅａｎｄＴｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙｏｆＲａｒｅＥａｒｔｈｓＰｕｂｌｉｓｈｅｄｉｎＣｈｉｎａ（１９９６）Ａｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎ２７０Ｓｙｎｔｈｅｓｉｓａｎｄｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓｔｉｃｓｏｆｄｉｅｌｅｃｔｒｉｃｃｅｒａ...     

Mechanism of Annealing Softening of Rolled or Forged Tool Steel

ＲｅｃｅｎｔｌｙｍａｎｙｄｏｍｅｓｔｉｃｆａｃｔｏｒｉｅｓｐｒｏｄｕｃｅｔｏｏｌｓｔｅｅｌｓａｃｃｏｒｄｉｎｇｔｏＡｍｅｒｉｃａｎｏｒＧｅｒｍａｎｓｔａｎｄａｒｄｓ ,ｆｏｒｅｘａｍｐｌｅ ,Ｈ13,Ｓ5 ,Ｓ7,Ｄ2 ,Ａ6ａｎｄＸ4 5ＣｒＮｉＭｏ4ｅｔｃ .ｗｈｉｃｈｒｅｑｕｉｒｅａｎｎｅａｌｉｎｇａｆｔｅｒｒｏｌｌｉｎｇｏｒｆｏｒｇｉｎｇｆｏｒｓｏｆｔｅｎｉｎｇ .Ｔｈｅｒｅｑｕｉｒｅｍｅｎｔｓｆｏｒｈａｒｄｎｅｓｓａｒｅｖｅｒｙｓｔｒｉｃｔｆｏｒｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｉｎｇ .Ｕｓｕａｌｌｙ ,ｔｈｅｈａｒｄｎｅｓｓｉｓ…     

Structure of Sn Doped AB_5 Non-Stoichiometric Hydrogen-Absorbing Alloys-Ⅰ

ＡＢ5 ｔｙｐｅａｌｌｏｙｓａｒｅｗｉｄｅｌｙｕｓｅｄａｓｔｈｅｎｅｇａｔｉｖｅｍａｔｅｒｉａｌｓｏｆｎｉｃｋｅｌｍｅｔａｌｌｉｃｈｙｄｒｉｄｅｂａｔｔｅｒｉｅｓ (Ｎｉ ＭＨ )ｂｅｃａｕｓｅｏｆｔｈｅｅｘｃｅｌｌｅｎｔｐｅｒｆｏｒｍａｎｃｅｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓｔｉｃｓｏｆｒａｐｉｄａｃｔｉｖａｔｉｏｎ ,ｈｉｇｈｅｎｅｒｇｙ ｓｔｏｒａｇｅｄｅｎｓｉｔｙ .Ｗｉｔｈｔｈｅｄｅｖｅｌｏｐ ｍｅｎｔｏｆｅｌｅｃｔｒｉｃｅｑｕｉｐｍｅｎｔｗｏｒｋｉｎｇａｔｌａｒｇｅｃｕｒｒｅｎｔ ,ｔｈｅｄｉｓｃｈａｒｇｅｒ…     

Study on F-F Transitions of Powdered Neodymium Compounds by Photoacoustic Spectroscopy

ＴｈｅｐｈｏｔｏａｃｏｕｓｔｉｃｅｆｆｅｃｔｗａｓｆｉｒｓｔｏｂｓｅｒｖｅｄａｂｏｕｔａｃｅｎｔｕｒｙａｇｏｂｙＢｅｌｌＡＧ .Ｉｔｓａｐｐｌｉｃａ ｔｉｏｎｓｔｏｇａｓｅｏｕｓａｎａｌｙｓｉｓｈａｖｅｂｅｅｎｎｕｍｅｒｏｕｓ .Ａｕｓｅｆｕｌｌａｂｏｒａｔｏｒｙｉｎｓｔｒｕｍｅｎｔｓｕｉｔａｂｌｅｆｏｒｔｈｅｉｎｖｅｓｔｉｇａｔｉｏｎｏｆｓｐｅｃｔｒａｌｐｒｏｐｅｒｔｉｅｓｏｆｔｈｅｒｍａｌｌｙｔｈｉｃｋｓａｍｐｌｅｓｗａｓ ,ｈｏｗｅｖｅｒ ,ｏｎｌｙｄｅｖｉｓｅｄｄｕｒ ｉｎｇｔｈｅ 1 970′ｓ .Ｓｏ…     

Electrode Characteristics of MmNi_5－type Alloys for Nickel－metal HydrideBatteries

ＥｌｅｃｔｒｏｄｅＣｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓｔｉｃｓｏｆＭｍＮｉ_５－ｔｙｐｅＡｌｌｏｙｓｆｏｒＮｉｃｋｅｌ－ｍｅｔａｌＨｙｄｒｉｄｅＢａｔｔｅｒｉｅｓＧｅｎｇＭｉｎｇ－Ｍｉｎｇ（耿鸣明）（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＰｒｅｃｉｓｉｏｎＡｌｌｏｙ，Ｃｅｎｔｒ?..     

Mg对Zn--11%Al合金镀层凝固组织及合金层生长的影响

将工业纯铁分别在510℃的Zn-11% Al、Zn-11% Al-1.5% Mg、Zn-11% Al-3% Mg和Zn-11% Al-4.5% Mg合金熔池中进行不同时间的热浸镀,使用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪等仪器设备,研究Mg含量对Zn-11% Al合金镀层凝固组织和镀层中Fe-Al合金层生长的影响.结果表明:Zn-11% Al合金镀层凝固组织由富Al相和Zn/Al二元共晶组成;随着Zn-11% Al-x% Mg合金中Mg含量的增加,合金镀层的凝固组织中逐渐出现Zn/Al/MgZn₂三元共晶、块状MgZn₂相和Al/MgZn₂二元共晶.四种合金镀层中合金层主要由Fe₂Al₅Zn_x和FeAl₃Zn_x相组成,合金层的厚度随浸镀时间的增加而增加,Mg含量的增加使Fe-Al合金层生长速率指数和生长速率降低.在Zn-11% Al合金镀层中Fe-Al合金层形成的初期,可形成致密稳定的Fe-Al化合物层;热浸镀120 s后,扩散通道的移动使Fe-Al化合物层失稳破裂.Zn-11% Al-x% Mg合金中Mg元素可明显推迟液Zn进入镀层中Fe-Al合金层的时间,使Fe-Al合金层更加稳定和致密.      

Influence of Nd and Y additions on the corrosion behaviour of extruded Mg-Zn-Zr alloys

To improve the corrosion resistance of wrought magnesium alloys through rare earth (RE) additions, the corrosion behaviour of Mg-5Zn-0.3Zr-xNd (x=0, 1, and 2; wt%) and Mg-5Zn-0.3Zr-2Nd-yY (y=0.5 and 1; wt%) alloys in a 5wt% NaCl solution was investigated using immersion test and electrochemical measurements. The results of immersion test show that Mg-5Zn-0.3Zr-2Nd alloy exhibits the best corrosion resistance among the tested alloys. Electrochemical measurements show that secondary phases in RE-containing Mg-5Zn-0.3Zr alloys behave as less noble cathodes in micro-galvanic corrosion and suppress the cathodic process. The additions of Nd and Y into Mg-5Zn-0.3Zr alloy also improve the compactness of the corrosion product film and are beneficial to the corrosion resistance.     

锌铝共晶合金丝研制

对含铝５％φ６ｍｍ的锌铝共晶合金丝进行了试验研究，解决了粗坯难于盘圆及生产过程中的增强锌铝合金塑性甚至超塑性的问题。阐述了合金丝的生产工艺，讨论了过程影响因素，文章最后概括了生产技术条件，为锌铝共晶合金丝的生产奠定了技术基础。     

微量稀土元素Tb、La掺杂对Fe-Al合金结构和磁致伸缩性能的影响

为了研究微量稀土元素Tb和La掺杂对Fe81Al19合金结构和磁致伸缩性能的影响及影响机制,采用真空电弧熔炼法制备了Fe81Al19、Fe81Al19La0.1和Fe81Al19Tb0.1三种铸态合金。用X射线衍射仪(XRD)和扫描电镜联合能谱仪(SEM/EDS)分析了合金的微结构。用振动样品磁强计(VSM)和磁致伸缩测量仪测试了合金的磁性能和磁致伸缩系数。结果表明,Fe81Al19合金由单一的bcc结构A2相组成,而掺杂稀土后的Fe81Al19Tb0.1和Fe81Al19La0.1合金均由bcc结构的A2主相和少量富稀土相组成。稀土Tb和La的掺杂使Fe81Al19合金沿<100>晶向择优取向,且Fe81Al19Tb0.1合金择优取向更加明显。此外,三种合金的磁化功大小排序为:Fe81Al19Tb0.1> Fe81Al19La0.1> Fe81Al19。表明稀土元素掺杂导致Fe-Al合金具有更大的磁晶各向异性,且Tb的掺杂效果更加明显。磁致伸缩系数测试表明,与Fe81Al19合金相比,稀土掺杂合金的磁致伸缩系数明显增大,而且Fe81Al19Tb0.1合金的磁致伸缩系数增大的更加明显,大约是Fe81Al19合金的3.2倍,为86×10^-6。稀土掺杂合金磁致伸缩系数增大的原因主要源于掺杂稀土使Fe-Al合金沿<100>晶向择优取向和稀土导致合金具有高磁晶各向异性。     

Effect of Rare Earths on Solidification Microstructure and High Temperature Mechanical Property of Sn60-Pb40 Solder alloy

Ｓｎ6 0 Ｐｂ40ｓｏｌｄｅｒａｌｌｏｙｉｓｗｉｄｅｌｙｕｓｅｄｆｏｒｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｎｉｃｐａｃｋａｇｉｎｇ .Ｔｈｉｓａｌｌｏｙｈａｓａｋｉｎｄｏｆｍｉｃｒｏｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｔｆｒｏｍｔｈｅｔｙｐｉｃａｌｌａｍｅｌ ｌａｒｃｏｌｏｎｙｏｗｉｎｇｔｏｉｔｓｃｏｍｐｏｓｉｔｉｏｎｄｅｐａｒｔｕｒｅｆｒｏｍｔｈｅｒｅａｌｅｕｔｅｃｔｉｃｐｏｉｎｔＳｎ6 3 Ｐｂ37.Ｄｕｒｉｎｇｔｈｅｓｏｌｉｄｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎｐｒｏｃｅｓｓ ,ｔｈｅｐｒｉｍａｒｙＰｂ ｒｉｃｈｐｈａｓｅｗｉｌｌｂｅｓｕｒｒｏｕ…     

稀土镁合金的研究进展

从防氧化、除氢、合金流动性、细化品粒与强化作用等方面概括稀土元素在镁合金中的作用，综述稀土镁中间合金，铸造、变形稀土镁合金与快速凝固稀土镁合金的最新研究动向与成果，并简介发展非品镁合金与镁合金的超塑性研究的巨大潜力。     

机械镀Zn-2%RE-Al复合镀层的性能

采用机械镀工艺制备了Zn-2%RE-Al复合镀层。利用金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜观察分析Zn-2%RE-Al复合镀层的表面形貌和断口形貌,并对其孔隙率、致密度、结合强度及耐腐蚀性能等进行检测,分析添加铝粉对镀层综合性能的影响。研究结果表明：铝能够改善镀层的耐蚀性能,提高镀层的致密性;镀层耐蚀性随铝添加量增加呈降低趋势;当铝加入量为1%时,Zn-2%RE-Al镀层耐蚀性最好,致密性最高,是1种综合性能较好的防护性镀层。     

Effect of erbium on microstructures and properties of Mg-Al intermetallic

The effect of the rare earth element Er on the microstructures and properties of Mg-Al intermetallic were studied in this experiment. Metallographic and X-ray diffraction（XRD） results showed that the microstructures of Mg-Al-Er alloys varied with Er content. The Mg-44Al-0.5Er and Mg-43.8Al-1.0Er alloys were both composed of Mg17Al12 matrix and Al3 Er phase, whereas Mg-43Al-3.0Er and Mg-42Al-5.0Er were composed of Mg17Al12 matrix, Al3 Er phase, and Mg-Mg17Al12 eutectic. The Mg-42Al-5.0Er alloy showed the highest microhardness, and the values remained nearly stable as Er content increased from 1.0 wt.% to 5.0 wt.%. The dispersed second phase Al3 Er caused the grain refinement of the Mg-Al-Er alloy, which was the main reason for the improvement in microhardness. The corrosion resistance of the Er-containing alloys initially increased and then decreased with increasing Er content. All the Er-containing alloys had the ability to suppress hydrogen evolution, which was the main reason for the higher corrosion resistance of the modified alloys than that of the Mg-44.3Al alloy. Considering the higher hardness and dispersity of the Al3 Er phase, Mg-43.8Al-1.0Er exhibited higher wear resistance than the as-cast Mg-44.3Al alloy.     

Correlation between former alpha boundary growth kinetics and superplastic flow in Zn-22 pct Al

Former α boundaries (FαBs) are residual grain boundaries that develop in Zn-22 pct Al during a heat treatment, which is normally applied to produce the fine structure necessary for micrograin superplasticity. They represent domains consisting of fine elongated α grains, which encompass groups of fine α (Al-rich) and β (Zn-rich) phases (the superplastic microstructure). The results of a detailed investigation conducted on FαB growth kinetics in five grades of Zn-22 pct Al with various impurity contents reveal a direct correspondence between the level of impurities in the alloy and the characteristics associated with FαBs (average size of FαBs and the value of the FαB growth exponent). This correspondence, which, according to available evidence, is the result of impurity segregation at FαBs, lends strong support to the interpretation of superplastic behavior at low stresses in terms of phenomena arising from boundary segregation. It is suggested that information on FαB growth kinetics in Zn-22 pct Al can be utilized to predict the low-stress superplastic characteristics of the alloy, such as the existence of region I or the occurrence of extensive cavitation.     

Zn-5%Al-混合稀土合金镀层桥梁缆索钢丝的生产及应用

介绍了Zn-5%Al-混合稀土合金镀层桥梁缆索钢丝的生产及应用情况。实际生产表明,Zn-5%Al-混合稀土合金镀层桥梁缆索钢丝的抗腐蚀性能较普通镀锌钢丝提高了2~3倍,其加工成型性、涂挂性优于热镀锌层,能够避免热镀影响的产生的强度损失,取得了较好的经济效益和社会效益。