新型混凝剂聚硅氯化铁的制备及性能研究

在制备聚合氯化铁（ Ｐ Ｆ Ｃ） 的过程中,加入一定量的硅酸钠（ Ｎａ Ｏ·３ ．２ Ｓｉ Ｏ２） ,制得新型混凝剂聚硅氯化铁（ Ｐ Ｆ Ｓ Ｃ） ,试验了其混凝性能及影响因素。实验结果表明： Ｓｉ 的含量,ｐ Ｈ 值和碱化度都会影响 Ｐ Ｆ Ｓ Ｃ 的混凝效果。在铁硅摩尔比ｎ（ Ｆｅ）／ｎ（ Ｓｉ） ＝ １０ ～１５ ,碱化度为２５ ％ ～３５ ％ ,水样的ｐ Ｈ 值为４ ～９ 范围内, Ｐ Ｆ Ｓ Ｃ 具有优良的混凝性能,其除浊能力和对工业废水的处理效果明显优于 Ｐ Ｆ Ｃ 。     

氯化铁催化合成苯乙酸异丁酯

作者在研究羧酸酯化法中曾发现氯化铁是良好的催化剂［１］。氯化铁易得,无毒性污染。本文探讨了氯化铁对苯乙酸和异丁醇直接酯化的催化作用,效果良好。Ｃ６Ｈ５ＣＨ２ＣＯＯＨ＋（ＣＨ３）２ＣＨＣＨ２ＯＨＦｅＣｌ３→Ｃ６Ｈ５ＣＨ２ＣＯＯＣＨ２ＣＨ（ＣＨ３）２＋Ｈ...     

喹禾灵含酚废水混凝效果的试验研究

喹禾灵生产过程中产生的废水是一种深棕色（色度为１００００）的高浓度有机含酚废水（ＣＯＤｃｒ＝２６７２ｍｇ／Ｌ。对苯二酚＝２３３０ｍｇ／Ｌ。选用三氯化铁混凝剂,就混凝剂最佳用量及ｐＨ值对混凝效果的影响进行了试验研究。     

高浓聚合氯化铁混凝剂的制备及其混凝效果研究

以氯化铁和无水碳酸钠为原料，加入稳定剂W，采用共聚工艺合成了一系列不同碱化度（B）、不同n(W)：n(Fe)的聚合氯化铁（简称PFC）混凝剂。通过烧杯实验，研究了PFC除浊效果，pH值对混凝除浊效果的影响；并与氯化铁、工业聚合硫酸铁（PFS）进行了比较；通过电泳实验，测量了不同投药量下凝聚颗粒的Zeta电位，从电动特性方面解释了PFC的混凝机理。     

铝铁共聚复合絮凝剂的研制及应用

研究了铝铁共聚复合絮凝剂的实验室制备方法及其中Ｆｅ（Ⅲ）形态组分分布规律和ｐＨ变化特征,混凝实验结果表明其混凝效果优于ＰＡＣ和ＦｅＣｌ３。     

氯化铁催化合成马来酸二丁酯

在氯化铁（ＦｅＣｌ３·６Ｈ２Ｏ）催化剂存在下从马来酸酐和正丁醇制备了马来酸二丁酯，当马来酸酐、正丁醇和氯化铁的摩尔比为１∶６∶００７４，反应温度１１５℃～１２４℃，反应时间１２０～１４０分钟时，该酯收率达９０％     

混凝法处理高浊度水

研究了单独使用Ａｌ２（ＳＯ４）３．１８Ｈ２Ｏ，无水ＡｌＣｌ３，ＫＡｌ（ＳＯ４）２．１２Ｈ２Ｏ，ＦｅＳＯ４．７Ｈ２Ｏ，Ｆｅ２（ＳＯ４）３．ｘＨ２Ｏ，ＦｅＣｌ３．６Ｈ２Ｏ混凝剂和用无机铝盐（铁盐）与聚丙烯酰胺（ＰＡＭ）联合处理高浊度水的混凝性能。研究表明，使用无机混凝剂和有机高分子混剂复合处理的混凝效果优于单独处理，且前者的投药顺以混凝效果和再稳作用有影响，以先加无机混凝剂，后加有机高分了混凝剂时的效     

PP／CPE复合阻燃体系增容剂的研制

以聚丙烯（ＰＰ）、氯化聚乙烯（ＣＰＥ）和架桥剂为反应物料,过氧化苯甲酰（ＢＰＯ）为引发剂,制备ＰＰ／ＣＰＥ复合阻燃体系增容剂。通过观察测ＭＩ时压出样条的表面状况及样条１８０℃弯折的现象研究了制备工艺条件对增容剂中各组分间相容性的影响,并通过ＩＲ谱图研究了增容剂的结构。结果表明,在较佳工艺条件〔ＣＰＥ／（ＰＰ＋ＣＰＥ）＝０．２５,架桥剂／（ＰＰ＋ＣＰＥ）＝０．１１,ＢＰＯ／架桥剂＝０．１０,Ｔ＝１２５～１３０℃〕下制得的增容剂中,架桥剂的接枝、架桥效率为４７％,ＣＰＥ的转化率为２２．６％,起增容作用的有效成分含量较大。架桥剂的应用对增容剂中有效成分的形成有重要意义。     

钢管酸洗液制作聚氯化铁的方法与应用

利用钢管酸洗液制备了一种高效无机絮凝剂一聚合氯化铁，对制作工艺进行了研究并对实际效果进行了验证。研究结果表明：根据盐酸洗管废液中游离酸与铁的含量，采用铁屑等含铁原料调整铁的含量，加入聚合稳定剂与原料充分反应后，加入聚合氧化剂进行氧化聚合，最后用盐酸来调整盐基度。制备的高浓度聚合氯化铁具有比聚合硫酸铁更好的混凝除浊的能力，并便于贮存，适用于给水及污水处理。     

LARGE SCALE PURIFICATION OF PHOSPHOGLYCERATE KINASE（PGK） AND GLYCERALDEHYDE 3－PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE（GAPDH） FROMYELLOW PEAS BY PEG／REPPAL PES AQUEOUS TWO PHASE SYSTEM AND ION EXCHANGE CHROMATOGRAPHY

ＬＡＲＧＥＳＣＡＬＥＰＵＲＩＦＩＣＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＰＨＯＳＰＨＯＧＬＹＣＥＲＡＴＥＫＩＮＡＳＥ（ＰＧＫ）ＡＮＤＧＬＹＣＥＲＡＬＤＥＨＹＤＥ３－ＰＨＯＳＰＨＡＴＥＤＥＨＹＤＲＯＧＥＮＡＳＥ（ＧＡＰＤＨ）ＦＲＯＭＹＥＬＬＯＷＰＥＡＳＢＹＰＥＧ／ＲＥＰＰＡＬ...     

Preparation,forms and properties of controlled-release phosphate fertilizers

Controlled-release phosphate fertilizers include phosphate rocks (PRs) for direct application, partially acidulated phosphate rocks (PAPRs) and thermal phosphates. Phosphate rocks contain apatite as the main P containing mineral, the composition and the chemical nature of which vary between PRs. Based on the solubility in chemical extractants PRs are broadly grouped into ‘reactive’ and ‘unreactive’. The ‘reactivity’ of PRs is influenced strongly by the extent of carbonate substitution for phosphate in the apatite minerals. Under certain soil and climatic conditions reactive PRs (RPRs) can be used as a source of P for direct application. Partially acidulated phosphate rocks (PAPRs) are produced either by direct partial acidulation of PRs with mineral acids or by mixing PRs with fully acidulated superphosphate reaction mixtures. Partial acidulation of PRs with H₃PO₄ generally results in higher water soluble P contents than those acidulated with H₂SO₄. Mixing of RPRs with superphosphate reaction mixtures sometimes results in the preferential consumption of free acid and thereby increases the amounts of residual unreacted PRs. Thermal phosphates are produced by either heating PRs below melting point both in the presence and the absence of silica (calcined phosphates) or heating PRs with silica above melting point (fused phosphate). These phosphates are alkaline in nature and hence suitable for acidic soils.     

糖的磷酰化反应研究

选用磷酸氢二钠和磷酸二氢钠的混合盐作酯化试剂与葡萄糖反应,制备了葡萄糖磷酸酯,考察了酯化剂用量、磷酸盐混合物的质量比、催化剂尿素等因素对葡萄糖磷酸酯的取代度和反应效率的影响。结果表明,制备葡萄糖磷酸酯的最佳反应条件为:反应温度80℃,磷酸盐和葡萄糖的质量比为1∶1,磷酸二氢钠与磷酸氢二钠的质量比为3∶1;催化剂加入量为葡萄糖含量的10%,反应时间为6 h。用水作溶剂,合成了水溶性较好的Ca、Cu、Zn等金属磷酸酯配合物,并进行了红外光谱分析。另外,对多糖——纤维素进行磷酰化,测定了其产物的络合能力。     

磷化处理技术

介绍了磷化工艺的原理、作用及分类方法、常用的磷化及预处理的配方实例。     

磷酸二氢铵应用研究进展

中国磷矿资源丰富,为磷酸盐工业的发展带来了重大机遇。磷酸二氢铵作为重要的磷酸盐系列产品之一,常用作氮-磷复合肥广泛使用,但肥料利用率低,附加值不高,造成资源浪费,阻碍了磷化工的发展。重点综述了磷酸二氢铵在灭火剂、阻燃剂、玻璃材料、磷酸铁锂材料和基体改进剂等领域的应用,为拓展磷酸二氢铵的应用领域、提高磷酸二氢铵附加值提供了借鉴。最后,对磷酸二氢铵今后的研究方向进行了展望。     

全球饲料磷酸盐市场现状与发展方向

评述了世界饲料磷酸盐产品的品种，包括磷酸氢钙、磷酸二氢钙、脱氟磷酸钙等，市场需求量变化情况，主要生产工艺的比较，生产能力与产量变化及现状等。介绍了影响饲料磷酸盐市场需求变化的因素并对饲料磷酸盐所面对的生物技术、生物效价、生产环保等问题进行分析，预测了饲料磷酸盐的发展方向。     

Partially acidulated phosphate rocks: Phosphorus release characteristics

Five phosphate rocks varying in formic acid P solubility from 18.9 to 52.7%, expressed as percentage of total P, were acidulated with phosphoric or sulphuric acids to 0, 20%, 33% and 50% of full acidulation and granulated. In an incubation experiment fertilizer granules of diameter 1–2 mm were mixed with two acid soils and after 1 week incubation soil samples were extracted with a 0.5 M NaOH solution. In a dissipation experiment single fertilizer granules of 4 mm diameter were implanted into soil, incubated for 1 and 4 weeks and inorganic P fractionation in the residual granules and the surrounding soil was performed. Dissipated P was greater than the water soluble P content of the partly acidulated phosphate rock fertilizers indicating the dissolution of the non-acidulated phosphate rocks. The amount of P dissipated was related to the initial water soluble P content and to the formic acid solubility of phosphate rocks used for manufacturing the fertilizers. The P dissipated increased with an increase in soil acidity.     

对我国饲料磷酸盐生产的建议

在介绍国内外饲料磷酸盐发展概况的基础上，重点论述了饲料级磷酸氢钙和脱氟磷酸钙的生产方法和技术进步，并对加快我国饲料磷酸盐生产的发展提出了一些看法。     

Single superphosphate - reactive phosphate rock mixtures. 3. The use of concentration ratios of elements to identify the nature and amounts of unacidulated rock residues in the mixtures

Water insoluble residues (WIR) of unreactive phosphate rocks in single superphosphate-reactive phosphate rock (SSP-RPR) mixtures are considered to reduce the agronomic value of these mixtures. A technique using concentration ratios of elements to identify the quantities of WIR of ground North Carolina (NC), ground Nauru and as received NC phosphate rocks in a SSP-RPR was developed. Of 22 elements tested P/Sr ratios were found to be the only element ratios that could be used to distinguish between WIR's derived from Nauru and NC. P/Sr ratios in Nauru and NC were markedly different and provided a useful index for differentiating between the two rocks. During acidulation the P/Sr concentration ratio remained essentially constant in the WIR's from both rocks.Using the element ratio technique the percentage of total P in the SSP-RPR sample was determined to be 60-61% water soluble, 5% water insoluble Nauru, 2% water insoluble ground NC and 32-33% water insoluble as received NC.The element ratio technique developed in this study can be applied to partially acidulated P fertilizers made with rocks other than NC and Nauru provided elements which satisfy the same conditions as Sr in this study can be found.     

磷肥增效技术研究进展

分析我国磷矿资源特征、磷肥生产和农业用磷现状,提出研究磷肥增效技术来提高磷肥利用率。详细探讨了部分酸化磷肥、包膜磷肥和载体磷肥的国内外研究现状和进展,指出磷肥增效技术的研究和应用对我国农业可持续发展、节约磷矿资源和保护环境具有重要意义。     

提高磷化膜质量的除磷化渣技术研究

针对磷化渣产生的机理及危害,分析了磷化液中磷化渣的沉降特性,并在此基础上,结合本公司涂装车间,提出了一种新的除磷化渣装置系统及其管理技术。