苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物的部分酯化物在颜料分散中的应用

本文用苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物（SM）的部分酯化物（SME）对酞菁蓝颜料进行表面改性处理,发现（SME）钠盐的加入对酞菁蓝颜料临界润湿表面张力、表面自由能、粒径分布和(?)电位等表面性质有明显的影响,能有效的改善酞菁蓝颜料的润湿性、流动性和在水中的分散稳定性。     

苯乙烯—马来酸酐共聚物的部分酯化物在颜料分散中的应用

本文用苯乙烯－马来酸酐共聚物（SM）的部分酯化物（SME）对酞菁蓝颜料进行表面改性处理，发现（SME）钠盐的加入对酞菁蓝颜料临界润湿表面张力，表面自由能，粒径分布和ζ电位等表面性质有明显的影响，能有效的改善酞菁蓝颜料的润湿性，流性和在水中的分散稳定性。     

铜酞菁衍生物对酞菁蓝颜料的表面处理及颜料表面性质的研究

本文采用自行合成的四种铜酞菁有机胺类衍生物对酞菁蓝颜料进行了表面处理,得到了以下规律：颜料的临界润湿表面张力随着铜酞菁衍生物碳氢链长度的改变均有不同程度的下降;颜料的表面自由能、表面自由能的色散成分变化不大,而极性成分下降比较明显;颜料的粒度分布向小颗粒方向移动,经铜酞菁衍生物处理后的颜料在正辛醇、二甲苯中分散,粒径在４μ以下的颜料粒子重量百分比由空白样品的５０．１％增加至８８．４％和９６．４％;     

铜酞菁衍生物对酞菁蓝颜料的表面处理及颜料表面性质的研究

本文采用自行合成的四种铜酞菁有机胺类衍生物对酞菁蓝颜料进行了表面处理,得到了以下规律:颜料的临界润湿表面张力随着铜酞菁衍生物碳氢链长度的改变均有不同程度的下降;颜料的表面自由能、表面自由能的色散成分变化不大,而极性成分下降比较明显;颜料的粒度分布向小颗粒方向移动,经铜欧菁衍生物处理后的颜料在正辛醇、二甲苯中分散,粒径在4μ以下的颜料粒子重量百分比由空白样品的50.1%增加至88.4%和96.4%;经表面处理后的颜料,其流动性也普遍有所改善.     

聚乙二醇对铜酞菁颜料表面处理的研究

以数种不同分子量的聚乙二醇对铜酞菁颜料进行表面处理。结果表明，处理后颜料的平均粒径，对水的润湿角及流动性下降，形成的水分散体系稳定性得到提高。颜料表面处理的效果与聚乙二醇分子量及其添加量密切相关。     

水性印墨和涂料的颜料表面改性处理

该文就颜料的表面改性处理的基本原理,表面活性剂与高分子聚合物改性剂对颜料表面改性处理进行了深入的讨论,并提出了-些改性剂对颜料作改性处理后,颜料在水介质中的分散稳定性和流动性均有提高.     

二氧化钛颜料的表面有机改性研究

通过对二氧化钛颜料颗粒进行表面有机改性以提高其在油漆中的分散性，研究了表面改性剂及用量对颜料分散性的影响。结果表明：含硅化合物A—174能有效地改善二氧化钛颜料在油相中的分散稳定性，其最佳用量为m(A—174)：m(颜料)=0．8：100。采用正交实验确定了适宜的改性工艺条件为优(水)：m(颜料)=6：1，反应温度45℃，反应时间lh，搅拌转速200r/min。改性后的二氧化钛颜料在油漆中的初始沉降时间由0．2h延长到72h。     

酞菁绿G表面处理及表面性质的研究

本文采用不同长度碳边的脂肪酸和脂肪胺对酞菁绿颜料进行了表面处理。经处理后,颜料的粒度分布向小颗粒、窄分布方向转动。随碳氢链长度增加润湿临界表面γｃ略有下降,颜料的表面能γｓ和表面能色散部分ｒ＾ｄ变化不大,但表面能一部分γ＾ｐ有明显变化。经十八胺的十八酸处理后,颜料的γ＾ｐ由来处理样的５．２ｍＮ／ｍ分别降至２．０ｍＮ／ｍ和２．９ｍＮ／ｍ,降低率分别为６１．５％和４４．２％。     

含氟纳米乳液的制备及在储层润湿逆转中的应用

以甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸丁酯、γ－甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、全氟烷基乙基丙烯酸酯(PEA)为原料,制备了一种可改变储层润湿性、防止储层水锁的含氟纳米乳液（FPA）。采用FT-IR、SEM、XRD、粒径对FPA乳液的结构及稳定性进行了表征,结果表明,PEA成功引入到聚合物链上,随着PEA质量分数增加,乳液粒径增大,当PEA质量分数大于1.5 %时,乳液出现分层, PEA质量分数为1.5 %时（FPA-3）,乳液稳定性最好。采用表面张力、排出率、毛细管自吸、接触角等测试方法,考察了FPA-3溶液质量分数对改变岩心润湿性的影响,结果表明,随着FPA-3溶液质量分数增大,FPA-3水溶液表面张力减小,排出率增大,毛细管自吸高度减小, 与水的接触角增大。当FPA-3乳液质量分数为2.0 %时,其表面张力由46.01 mN/m减小至22.68 mN/m,表面张力减少了50.7 %;排出率由19.89 %提高至29.47 %,排出率提高了48.16 %;毛细管自吸高度由42 mm减小至30 mm,毛细管自吸高度减少了28.6 %;岩心的表面自由能由73.2 mN/m减小至8.7 mN/m,岩心的表面自由能减少了88.11 %;使岩心由亲水性（θ=69.8 °）转变为疏水性（θ=125.1 °）。因此,含氟纳米乳液可作为润湿反转剂改变储层润湿性,提高气井采收率。     

表面活性剂的复配及对甲维盐微乳剂物理稳定性的影响

通过测定不同类型的单一及复配型表面活性剂水溶液的临界胶束浓度和表面张力,研究了它对w(甲维盐)=1％的微乳剂物理稳定性的影响。膦酸酯类阴离子表面活性剂A的临界胶束浓度为1．79×10-4 mol／L,表面张力为28．90 mN/m;苄基酚聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯醚嵌段型非离子表面活性剂B(EPE型)的临界胶束浓度为 1.91×10-4 mol/L,表面张力为20．70 mN/m;按m(A):m(B)=2:3形成的复配型表面活性剂2#的水溶液的临界胶束浓度为9．30×10-5 moL/L,表面张力为25．66 mN/m。当w(2#)=10％时,配制w(甲维盐)=1％的微乳剂物理稳定性最佳,各项指标均合格。     

温度对杨木木粉表面自由能和表面极性的影响

通过毛细管上升法测定了经过不同温度处理的杨木木粉的表面接触角,依据Washburn方程和Owens-wendt-Kaelble法,求解了经过不同温度处理的杨木木粉的表面自由能及其极性分量和非极性分量。结果表明,杨木木粉的表面自由能为23.43 mN/m,体现分子色散力的非极性分量为4.64 mN/m,在处理时间为2 h的条件下,随着处理温度的上升,杨木木粉的总表面自由能略有下降,体现其分子色散力的非极性表面自由能上升,体现其表面极性值的极性表面自由能下降,并分析了上述结果的原因。     

界面剂与共聚单体对固相接枝聚丙烯表面性质的影响

采用固相接枝方法,研究了以二甲苯为界面剂,以苯乙烯(St)、丙烯酸丁酯(BA)为接枝共聚单体对马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(PP-g-MAH)表面性能的影响。研究结果表明,随着二甲苯用量的增加,PP- g-MAH的表面能和极性力分量呈先升后降的趋势,当w(二甲苯)=15%时,表面能(37.52 mN/m)和极性力分量(2.47 mN/m)均达到最大值;共聚单体St、BA的加入可以显著提高PP-g-MAH的表面能和极性力分量,共聚单体St的作用更为有效,其接枝物的极性力分量分别是PP-g-(MAH-co-BA)的2倍,PP- g-MAH的4.8倍。     

固体材料性质对生物垢形成的影响

从固体材料表面性质入手 ,探讨了材料的表面粗糙度、表面自由能、界面能以及材料与生物垢之间的界面能对生物垢形成的影响。实验结果表明 :在 0 2 9～ 1 82 μm内 ,材料的表面粗糙度越大越有利于生物垢的形成 ;在 11 7～ 38 3mN/m内 ,材料的表面自由能和固 -液界面能与生物垢形成之间没有简单、直接的关系 ;在 1 3～ 18 0mN/m内 ,固体材料与生物垢之间的界面能对生物垢的形成存在一个极大值 ,此时的界面能约为 3 4mN/m。     

Surface properties and dissolution kinetics of tea polyphenols

The surface properties and dissolution kinetics of tea polyphenols, TP, with different polyphenol percents, e.g. at about 80, 90, and 100%, were studied. The surface free energy of TP was found in the range of 39–44 mN/m directly proportional to the polyphenol percent, and dominated by the Lifshitz–van der Waals interaction component. TP is strong in Lewis base and weak in Lewis acid, and the Lewis acid–base interaction component was increased with the polyphenol percent increase. The dissolution of TP in water can be enhanced by increasing both the polyphenol percent and temperature, and this process follows the second-order kinetics model. The dissolution of TP in DMF has been found unlike in water due to ignoring the polyphenol percent variety.     

Effect of electron beam irradiation and vinyl acetate content on the physicochemical properties of LDPE/EVA blends

The radiation‐induced crosslinking, compatibility, and surface modification of low density polyethylene/ethylene vinyl acetate blends (LDPE/EVA) were investigated. The structural and physical properties were characterized in terms of gel content, hot set, mechanical properties, contact angle, and surface free energy. The highest crosslink density was obtained at 20 wt % of EVA. Gel content of LDPE/EVA blends was increased with increasing irradiation dose, vinyl acetate (VA), and EVA contents. The hot set results are consistent with the gel content data. Mechanical testing showed that the tensile strength of samples increased with increasing irradiation dose up to 180 kGy, whereas the elongation at break was decreased with increasing irradiation dose. Contact angle measurements showed that the surface hydrophillicity of LDPE blend was increased with increasing irradiation dose and contents of both VA and EVA. The surface free energy was greatly dependent on irradiation dose and content of both VA and EVA. The total surface free energies of different LDPE formulations were in the range 17.25–32.51 mN/m, in which the polar (^pσ) and disperse (^dσ_s) values were within the range 16.52–26.6 and 0.9–5.91 mN/m, respectively. In conclusion, electron beam irradiation and blending LDPE with EVA improved the wettability or adhesion properties of LDPE/EVA blends. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007     

Effect of woody biomass surface free energy on the mechanical properties and interface of wood/polypropylene composites

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of surface free energy of wood flour (WF) and silanized WF on the mechanical properties and interface of wood/polypropylene (PP) composites. The contact angles of three probe liquids against unmodified and modified spruce WF were tested by capillary rise method based on the Washburn equation. Then the surface free energy and its corresponding dispersion and polar components were calculated according to the method developed by Owens–Wendt–Kaelble. The tensile strength and flexural strength of the wood/PP composite samples made with unmodified and modified WF were tested and the flexural fracture surfaces were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that the surface free energy of WF increased from 26.0 to 36.1?mJ/m², which was higher than that of PP (29.4?mJ/m²), and its corresponding polar component decreased from 13.1 to 4.4?mJ/m², and the dispersion component increased from 12.9 to 31.7?mJ/m² after the modification with 4 wt.% vinyltriethoxy silane, which makes it possible for spreading of PP on the surface of WF, the tensile strength and flexural strength of wood/PP composites made with modified WF were obviously improved. In addition, the improved compatibility between WF and PP was well confirmed by SEM.     

接触角法研究温敏性微凝胶相变前后的亲疏水性

采用光学视频接触角测量仪研究了聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺)(PNIPAM)微凝胶在相转变前后的亲疏水性变化。结果表明:PNIPAM微凝胶在32℃附近发生了亲水性-疏水性的反转,微凝胶薄膜的接触角变化显著;随温度增加,接触角从31℃时的73.1°到33℃时的83.2°,而表面自由能从38.5 mN/m下降至32.08 mN/m。     

PBT对ABS力学性能及耐应力开裂性能的影响

使用聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇脂(PBT)对丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(ABS)树脂进行共混改性,通过电子万能试验机、扫描电镜、接触角、差示扫描量热分析等,研究了PBT/ABS的力学性能、断面形貌、表面能、结晶度和相容性。采用格里菲思理论计算出材料的应力强度因子(K1C),采用预制应力-溶剂释放应力法,检测了耐应力开裂性能。结果表明,加入PBT后,ABS的拉伸强度和熔体流动性提升,表面能升高,冲击强度降低。当PBT含量为4份时,合金的拉伸强度从40.12 MPa提升到46.23 MPa,熔体流动速率从12.32 g/10 min提升到15.33 g/10 min,表面能从25.7 mN/m提升到30.2 mN/m,冲击强度从25.67 kJ/m^2提升到23.41 kJ/m^2。合金断面的微观形貌逐渐平整,ABS的玻璃化转变温度向低温偏移。当加入5份PBT后,ABS的耐应力开裂时间从8 s增加到21 s。     

高抗水水性丙烯酸酯乳液的合成、表征及其在工业滤纸中的应用

以十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)和OP-10为复合乳化剂,丙烯酸丁酯(BA)、甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)、甲基丙烯酸十二氟庚酯(FA)为主要原料,采用预乳化半连续种子聚合法制备具有核壳结构的高抗水性丙烯酸共聚乳液。利用红外光谱、扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、接触角仪等对乳液及浸渍滤纸进行了表征;同时,讨论了核壳单体配比、乳化剂用量、引发剂用量以及含氟单体用量对反应与浸渍滤纸耐水性能的影响。结果表明,优化反应条件后,硬单体MMA配以适量FA单体为壳,制备的共聚乳液稳定性好,粒度均匀,具有明显球状和核壳结构。乳胶膜表面能随着含氟量的增加大幅度降低,当氟单体含量为16.3%时,其表面能降至19.9 m N/m。利用功能氟单体包覆于核层外表,当氟单体含量为4.7%时,原乳胶表面能从37.7 m N/m降至24.6 m N/m,所浸渍滤纸耐水性能明显优于不含氟乳液浸渍滤纸,达到"低氟高效"的效果。     

Surface energy evaluation of casting and nanofiber polyurethane films by using different models

The components of the surface free energy (SFE) were determined from static contact angle measurements of five liquids using different methods. The two manufacturing techniques (casting and electrospinning) applied to obtain polyurethane (PU) membranes give surfaces with different wetting properties. The SFE data varied and were strongly dependent on calculations methods and liquids that were used for contact angle measurements. As a whole, the SFE of electrospun PU membrane (PU-N) (~24 mN/m) was slightly higher than that of casting PU membrane (PU-F) (~18 mN/m) with similar chemical compositions. The overall increase in the value of SFE is mainly due to the microstructures with increased surface area and modulations of nanofibers. The results evidence the impact of the PU membrane preparation on the properties of the biomaterial surface. Such structure–properties–function relationship is necessary to lay the groundwork for establishing a set of design criteria to guide the fabrication of synthetic materials.