斜向粘贴纤维片材加固砌体墙的抗剪承载力分析

在收集多个斜向粘贴纤维片材加固砌体墙的试验数据和抗剪承载力计算公式的基础上,对比分析了这些计算公式所考虑的参数,并将斜向粘贴纤维片材加固砌体墙的抗剪承载力计算公式计算值与试验实测值进行对比,结果表明这些公式计算值不能与所有试验结果较好吻合。在综合考虑纤维片材条带数、墙体高宽比、材料强度、贴布率等因素的基础上,通过统计分析提出了新的纤维片材加固砌体墙的抗剪承载力计算公式及纤维片材参与工作系数。经过对比分析可知,本文公式计算结果与收集的试验数据吻合较好。     

纤维片材加固砌体墙抗剪承载力公式对比分析

在收集整理现有水平粘贴及井字形粘贴纤维片材加固砌体墙抗剪性能试验数据及抗剪承载力计算公式的基础上,对水平粘贴及井字形粘贴纤维片材加固砌体墙抗剪承载力计算公式考虑的因素及试验数据的分布进行分析整理,根据收集的试验数据对受剪承载力公式的准确性进行探讨,在分析试验数据的基础上提出了纤维复合材参与工作系数的计算公式,并通过水平粘贴及井字形纤维片材加固砌体墙的抗剪承载力试验实测值与计算值的对比,验证了各抗剪承载力计算公式的适用范围和准确性。结果表明各计算公式的准确性不同,综合考虑轴压比、墙体高宽比、贴布率等多种影响因素的纤维复合材参与工作系数计算公式能更好地反映水平粘贴及井字形粘贴纤维片材加固砌体墙中纤维片材的利用率,采用此纤维复合材参与工作系数值而计算得到的水平粘贴及井字形粘贴纤维片材加固砌体墙抗剪承载力计算结果与试验实测值吻合更好。     

砖砌体墙的屈服准则及其抗剪强度计算

地震作用下的无筋砌体墙的破坏通常有剪切滑移破坏、主拉破坏和斜压破坏三种,GB50011《建筑抗震设计规范》与GB50003《砌体结构设计规范》各自依据不同的破坏模式建立了不同的抗剪强度计算公式。为了统一两种计算公式,利用Mohr单剪强度理论,并考虑竖向压力接近砌体抗压强度时抗剪强度随压应力增加而降低的受压帽子,选取四参数表达的蛋形曲线形式的连续帽子函数,建立无角隅的砌体屈服准则。利用简单应力下砌体破坏准则及100片无筋砌体墙片的试验结果,得到连续帽子函数的4个参数。还分析了砌体墙与屈服准则之间的尺寸误差,并用所得到的屈服准则推导无筋砌体墙的抗剪强度计算公式。将该公式计算值及有关规范公式计算值与墙片试验结果进行对比分析,结果表明该公式计算值与试验值符合较好。     

剪-压复合受力状态下砌体墙抗剪强度研究成果的评述

目前,国内砌体墙抗剪强度计算公式众多,很多研究人员都以试验结果与某计算公式结果吻合为目的,还没有统一的计算砌体墙抗剪强度公式。介绍了近年来国内剪-压复合受力状态下砌体结构墙体发生剪摩和剪压破坏时的抗剪强度研究情况,评述了各主要抗剪强度公式优缺点,提出了目前这些公式存在的问题以及需要进一步完善抗剪强度计算公式的研究课题。     

剪-压作用下陶粒混凝土砌块砌体抗剪强度的试验研究

以砂浆强度等级和轴压比为变化参数,进行了180个陶粒混凝土砌块砌体试件的抗剪强度试验.基于Hoffman强度准则推得剪-压作用下陶粒混凝土砌块砌体抗剪强度平均值的理论计算公式,并根据试验结果对抗剪强度平均值的理论计算公式进行修正.最后按照与规范可靠度水准相协调的原则,由修正后的抗剪强度平均值计算公式推得剪-压作用下陶粒混凝土砌块砌体抗剪强度的设计值计算公式.     

CFRP加固砖砌体承载力试验分析与建议

为获得简化的CFRP加固砖砌体墙抗剪承载力计算公式，本文开展了8个CFRP加固和4个未加固的砖砌体墙在低周反复荷载作用下的拟静力试验研究，获得CFRP加固砖砌体试件抗剪承载力实测值和破坏形态，给出砖砌体墙CFRP应变发挥系数与高宽比关系。当砖砌体墙高宽比在0．56～0．71范围时，CFRP应变发挥系数与高宽比基本呈线性关系，提出CFRP应变发挥系数简化计算公式，其承载力理论结果与实验实测值吻合较好，可见CFRP应变发挥系数计算公式能够比较准确地计算CFRP提供的抗剪承载力，对实际工程加固抗震设计具有一定的指导意义。     

砌体剪力墙的受剪性能及其承载力计算

本文研究无洞、开洞、无筋以及水平配筋砌体剪力墙受剪性能及其承载力计算,在全面分析影响砌体剪力墙受剪性能的主要因素的基础上,采用弹性有限元法和作者建立的砌体破坏准则,分析了开洞墙的应力分布、裂缝形成及其出现的先后顺序,并提出了不同高宽比、竖向压应力、开洞率、无筋或配筋墙的水平开裂荷载、受剪承载力计算公式,其计算结果与试验结果吻合较好。该方法弥补了现行规范未考虑墙体高宽比影响的不足,扩大了竖向压应力较大时的应用范围,可供砌体结构设计和研究参考。     

网状配筋砖砌体在局压荷载作用下的承载力研究

通过8组不同配筋率和砂浆强度的网状配筋砖砌体试件局压承载力试验,对其破坏形态及承载力进行了研究分析,并利用ANSYS有限元软件对试件受力情况进行了模拟计算,分析结果与试验结果吻合较好.同时设计了2组模拟墙片进行有限元扩大参数分析,验证了网状配筋有效地改善了砌体的局压性能,提高了砌体的局压承载力.综合试验结果与有限元分析,参考现行规范对砌体局压承载力与偏压承载力的计算,提出了网状配筋砖砌体局压承载力的计算公式.     

灌孔配筋砌体剪力墙受剪承载力软化剪压强度模型

基于钢筋混凝土软化桁架理论,考虑砌体受力各向异性的性质,引入双轴作用下砌体的强度准则,采用软化系数综合考虑砌体的特性,建立配筋砌体软化剪压强度模型。采用该理论模型分析灌孔配筋砌体剪力墙剪压区的受力机理,提出相应的数值算法。通过剪力墙在不同曲率下受剪和受弯承载力的比较,提出配筋砌体剪力墙受剪承载力的计算方法,并编制相应的程序,计算结果与试验进行比较和验证。结果表明：建议的砌体软化剪压强度模型能准确地计算较大剪跨比灌孔配筋砌体剪力墙受剪承载力。图3表1参10     

配筋砌块短肢砌体剪力墙抗剪承载力研究

建立了配筋砌块短肢砌体剪力墙抗剪承载力的理论分析模式,并在此基础上根据国内59片符合配筋砌块短肢砌体剪力墙基本要求的配筋砌块砌体剪力墙抗剪承载力试验数据,分别考虑了灌孔砌体强度、剪跨比、竖向压力、水平钢筋等因素对抗剪承载力的影响,给出了与试验数据吻合较好的配筋砌块短肢砌体剪力墙抗剪承载力计算公式.与GB 50003-2001《砌体结构设计规范》中配筋砌块砌体剪力墙抗剪承载力计算公式相比,该公式适当增大了灌孔砌体和竖向压力对抗剪承载力的影响,水平配筋利用效率系数随着水平钢筋配筋率和剪跨比的增大而减小.     

FRP和TRC加固砌体墙受剪性能试验研究

砌体结构的抗震性能较差,且砌体墙作为主要承载构件易在地震中受到面内剪切作用。而加固是提高砌体墙面内受剪性能的有效方法。FRP (fiber-reinforced polymer)和TRC(textile-reinforced concrete)两种材料具有轻质、高强、耐腐蚀等优势,在应用于砌体结构加固时增强效果显著。为了比较这两种材料加固砌体墙的受剪性能,采用砂浆、FRP和TRC对砌体墙进行加固,进行了加固砌体墙试件的面内受剪试验,分析不同加固方式的破坏模式、承载力、延性和耗能能力。研究表明,未加固和砂浆加固的砌体墙在破坏时有不同程度的脆性特征,采用FRP和TRC加固均可改善这一现象。在本研究试验条件下,FRP和TRC在提升峰值剪应力方面增强效果相似,但TRC加固试件在延性和耗能方面效果更好。最后,结合现有规范中的相关计算方法,计算FRP和TRC加固层的受剪承载力,并且将计算值与试验值进行对比以评估相关计算方法的合理性,结果表明相关计算方法较为保守。     

十字形截面配筋砌体墙片的非线性有限元抗剪分析

用ANSYS有限元分析软件建立了2个十字形截面配筋砌体墙片的模型,模拟了相关的抗剪试验研究,计算结果与试验值有较好的吻合.在此基础上进一步分析了多种工况下墙片的抗剪性能,对影响十字形截面配筋砌体剪力墙抗剪承载力的相关因素做了初步的分析.同时还分析了翼缘对墙片的抗剪承载力的贡献.     

基于贝叶斯方法的历史建筑砌体抗压强度推定

基于贝叶斯方法获得历史建筑中砌体材料抗压强度的合理推定值.在实测样本有限且离散的条件下,引入可靠的先验信息,并通过构造合理的似然函数,将间接法和直接法的实测样本信息相结合,重构砖抗压强度、砂浆抗压强度以及砌体抗压强度推定误差的概率密度模型(PDF).在推定砌体抗压强度的同时,定量表示推定结果的不确定性.所提方法适用于现场实测信息量不足时历史建筑砌体抗压强度的推定.     

Parametrical study of masonry walls subjected to in-plane loading through numerical modeling

This paper deals with the numerical assessment of the influence of parameters such as pre-compression level, aspect ratio, vertical and horizontal reinforcement ratios and boundary conditions on the lateral strength of masonry walls under in-plane loading. The numerical study is performed through the software DIANA^® based on the Finite Element Method. The validation of the numerical model is carried out from a database of available experimental results on masonry walls tested under cyclic lateral loading. Numerical results revealed that boundary conditions play a central role on the lateral behavior of masonry walls under in-plane loading and determine the influence of level of pre-compression as well as the reinforcement ratio on the wall strength. The lateral capacity of walls decreases with the increase of aspect ratio and with the decrease of pre-compression. Vertical steel bars appear to have almost no influence in the shear strength of masonry walls and horizontal reinforcement only increases the lateral strength of masonry walls if the shear response of the walls is determinant for failure, which is directly related to the boundary conditions.     

Prediction of the shear strength of reinforced masonry walls using a large experimental database and artificial neural networks

This paper analyses the accuracy of a selection of expressions currently available to estimate the in-plane shear strength of reinforced masonry (RM) walls, including those presented in some international masonry codes. For this purpose, predictions of such expressions are compared with a set of experimental results reported in the literature. The experimental database includes specimens built with ceramic bricks and concrete blocks tested in partially and fully grouted conditions, which typically present a shear failure mode. Based on the experimental data collected and using artificial neural networks (ANN), this paper presents alternative expressions to the different existing methods to predict the in-plane shear strength of RM walls. The wall aspect ratio, the axial pre-compression level on the wall, the compressive strength of masonry, as well as the amount and spacing of vertical and horizontal reinforcement throughout the wall are taken into consideration as the input parameters for the proposed expressions. The results obtained show that ANN-based proposals give good predictions and in general fit the experimental results better than other calculation methods.     

无筋砌体墙抗剪承载力计算方法的比较

收集了106片低周反复荷载作用下无筋砌体墙的抗剪试验数据,将抗剪强度试验结果与砌体结构设计规范(GB50003-2001)和建筑抗震设计规范(GB50011-2001)理论计算结果相比较,并分析了砌体的通缝抗剪强度、正应力、高宽比对无筋砌体墙抗剪强度的影响。结果表明:两种规范计算的抗剪强度大致相同,并且都具有相当的安全度。其中,用建筑抗震设计规范计算砖砌体结构的安全度略大于砌体结构设计规范公式,而用砌体结构设计规范公式计算砌块砌体结构的安全度高于建筑抗震设计规范公式.两公式均没有合理考虑高宽比对砌体抗剪强度的影响,根据收集的试验结果分别回归出了砖砌体和砌块砌体的高宽比影响系数。     

Behavior of fully grouted reinforced concrete masonry shear walls failing in flexure: Analysis

This paper contains analysis details of an experimental study conducted to evaluate the ductility and energy dissipation characteristics of reinforced concrete masonry shear walls failing in flexure. The test program consisted of six reinforced concrete masonry shear walls tested under reversed cyclic lateral displacements simulating seismic loading effects. This paper focuses on documenting the levels of ductility attained by the walls and evaluating the contribution of flexure and shear deformations to the overall wall lateral displacement. Analysis of the measured displacements showed that the contribution of shear displacement to the overall wall displacement was significant (up to 28% of total displacement at maximum load) but was not the same for all the walls having height-to-length ratio of 2.0. Displacement ductility values up to 4.5 and 11.4 were measured corresponding to maximum load and 20% strength degradation, respectively. Values up to 3.5 were calculated for the ductility-related seismic response modification factor for the test walls corresponding to design drift levels of 1%. The relationship between the energy dissipation and the ratio of the post-yield to the yield displacement was found to be almost linear for the test walls. In addition, the wall stiffnesses degrade rapidly to about 50% of their initial stiffness at very low drift levels (0.1% drift); however, the test walls maintained at least 80% of their maximum strength up to large displacements (2.2% drift).     

嵌缝加固砖砌体沿通缝抗剪性能研究

对35个沿水平灰缝开槽并后嵌不同强度砂浆的普通烧结砖砌体进行了沿通缝抗剪试验,分析了嵌缝砂浆砖砌体沿通缝抗剪破坏特征和抗剪强度特征,建立了嵌缝砂浆砖砌体沿通缝抗剪强度计算公式,公式的计算值与试验结果吻合较好。试验研究表明随着嵌缝砂浆强度的提高,砌体抗剪强度也随之提高,因此嵌缝砂浆能有效地提高砖砌体的抗剪强度。     

Shear capacity of masonry walls externally strengthened by a cement-based composite material: An experimental campaign

Composite materials are getting more and more common for strengthening existing members and structures; fiber-reinforced polymers (FRP) are widely used, while carbon-fiber-reinforced cement matrix (CFRCM) materials have been more recently proposed especially for strengthening masonry members. In the present paper, the results of an experimental campaign carried out on tuff-masonry walls strengthened in shear by a cement-based composite are reported and commented. The reinforced masonry walls failed after loss of adhesion between the strengthening layer and the masonry substrate. Comparisons between the experimental results and some analytical formulations available in the scientific literature for determining shear resistance of strengthened masonry walls are finally proposed. Huge variability can be observed by applying those alternative formulations which are not able to reproduce the premature nature of the observed failure mode. Consequently, the present study is a thorough experimental report which can be useful for developing and validating more refined theoretical models for describing the ultimate behaviour of masonry walls externally strengthened by FRP.