梅钢ERP产销系统在生产管理中的应用与创新

本文系统介绍了ERP产销系统生产管理在梅钢的应用成果，结合梅钢的实际生产情况，在应用过程中进行完善、优化与创新，并提出了生产管理系统进一步改进、完善的方向。     

试论内部审计的发展与完善

从现代企业制度建立、加强国有资产管理、强化企业内部管理等方面，论述了发展与完善内部审计的重要性；进而阐明了发展与完善内部审计的一些基本思路。     

新能源汽车动力电池回收利用进展、挑战和建议

随着新能源汽车渗透率快速提升，动力电池回收产业驶入了发展快车道。本文梳理了我国动力电池回收利用政策体系，分析了动力电池回收利用产业发展现状。目前，新能源汽车动力电池回收存在回收利用渠道不畅、技术储备和标准规范有待完善等问题。针对上述问题，提出了促进动力电池回收利用产业高质量发展的对策建议，一是改进动力电池设计，实现动力电池标准化、易拆解、易回收；二是创新回收利用商业模式，规范回收渠道和完善回收网络；三是进行技术开发，推广安全环保高效回收技术；四是完善政策措施和监管机制。     

大型圆筒混合机的设计特点与生产实践

介绍了消化国外引进大圆筒混合机方面的成果，阐述了该机工作原理、结构特点、并结合我国实际情况，进行了改进，完善，取得了显著效果。     

试论工业企业内服务性质量体系的建立与完善

在大型工业企业内部，围绕着主导产品的生产，需要一系列服务性组织，作为生产保证，行使辅助性职能，与各主要生产工序有机协调运转，才能确保生产的正常运行，制造出合格的产品来。显而易见，建立与完善企业内服务性质量体系，对于进一步提高企业整个质量体系的完善程度，确保产品高产、优质具有十分重要的意义。近年来，许多获质量体系认证的企业在这方面取得了有益的经验。但也有部分企业，因放对建立内部服务性质量体系观念、认识上的错位，低估了它在企业整个质量体系中的重要地位和无可替代的作用，客观上拖了企业质量体系完善的后腿…     

管理与技术并重 完善运输职能 适应钢铁生产需要

介绍了唐钢运输部走内涵发展的道路，不断进行自我积累、自我改造，管理与技术并重，完善运输职能，保证了唐钢的主体生产     

马钢分析测试体系的建立和完善

论述了建立和完善马钢分析测试体系的必要性。通过对宝钢分析测试体系的分析，阐述了马钢分析测试体系存在的问题，提出了建立和完善马钢分析测试体系的设想。     

管理与技术并重 完善运输职能 适应钢铁生产需要

介绍了唐钢运输部走内涵发展的道路，不断进行自我积累、自我改造，管理与技术并重，完善运输职能，保证了唐钢的主体生产。     

空压机冷却水系统工艺改进

随着计算机的不断普及，计算机辅助教学(简称CAI)在中等专业学校教学中的运用已逐渐引起人们的重视。CAI要比当前的现代化教学技术更完善、更综合、更灵活，它可更好地实施因人施教的原则，可变沉重的被动学习为主动学习，同时也缩短了教学过程，提高了教学效果。但中等专业学校CAI软件还有待于进一步开发和完善。     

完善自动化控制系统实现转炉负能炼钢

针对转炉生产运行状况中存在的问题．完善了PLC控制系统．具体介绍了控制设备的改造和实现方法．实现转炉负能炼钢。系统完善后．运行稳定、节省能源，提高了产品质量和生产效率。     

Collaborative Planning and Scheduling of Interrelated Design Changes

During the detailed design stage of a building project, a vast amount of mostly interrelated design information is generated and communicated among specialists from several disciplines. Changes in some design information are inevitable due to the iterative nature of the design process. In many cases, when the design of a building component is modified by one discipline, this change affects the design of many related building components that are the responsibility of several other design disciplines. Commitment and resources are needed to accommodate such design changes to maintain compatibility among all the design information. Otherwise, incompatibility errors become embedded in the design information leading to numerous problems during the construction of the project. This paper presents a computer-assisted methodology that helps design managers in planning and scheduling changes with interrelated effects on the design information.     

Identifying a Design Management Package to Support Concurrent Design in Building Wafer Fabrication Facilities

Concurrent design is commonly used in building a semiconductor wafer fabrication facilities to shorten projects. Current practice in managing a design schedule involves preset milestones that represent percentages of completion. Such a simple control scheme does not provide sufficient information to support concurrent design. This study presents an analytical model that applies a cluster identification algorithm to separate the work of designing a multisystem project into management packages that support concurrent design. Tasks within a package have strong informational dependency relationships on each other, and are not suited for concurrent design. Tasks of different packages have weak dependency relationships on each other, and are suited for concurrent design. Tendering design work based on these packages may reduce the number of design interfaces between participating design firms. Possible application of the model includes the management of design schedule, design contract tendering, and design information flow.     

Sources of Changes in Design–Build Contracts for a Governmental Owner

In recent years, many U.S. federal, state, and local governments have been authorized to use the design–build method of project delivery instead of the traditional design–bid–build method. Recent studies have not been definitive on the cost advantage of design–build for governmental owners. There are fewer change orders in design–build due to design errors because the designer (architect/engineer) and contractor are one entity, but there are other causes of change orders. Some literature suggests that changes requested by the owner of the facility are greater with the design–build method. This research examines the causes for construction-phase changes in 14 design–build and 20 design–bid–build projects. Total changes, expressed as number per contract, cost per contract, or percentage of original contract, were significantly lower in design–build. Fewer design errors in design–build accounted for this advantage. The number of owner-requested changes was significantly greater in design–build. The cost of owner-requested changes, averaged over all the projects, was significantly less for design–bid–build. The differences in changes due to differing site conditions were not significant. The concept that there are more owner-requested changes in design–build projects is supported by this research.     

Design Structure Matrix Implementation on a Seismic Retrofit

A void exists in development of design theory methodology within the structural engineering community. This void hampers efforts to resolve performance deficiencies including cost over-runs, unplanned rework, and suboptimal design. In manufacturing, product design and production improvements have resulted from implementation of the design structure matrix (DSM) methodology. DSM offers a means to represent, analyze, and decompose complex systems in order to improve their performance. DSM use within the architecture engineering construction (AEC) industry has been sporadic and focused primarily in the U.K. Where applied, DSM has proven effective at helping AEC design teams streamline processes to address nonlinearity (nonsequential information flows) introduced by iteration and complexity in design. When a DSM reveals iteration and highly dependent work, group brainstorming, collocated design sessions, rapid feedback, set-based design, and collaborative design aids can be used to increase overall team effectiveness. This paper examines a case study where DSM-based planning software was used on a seismic retrofit project to drive process improvement in design management. DSM correctly identified iterative activities central to design and provided the following; (1) a common vocabulary to discuss rework in the context of a multidisciplinary design team; (2) a rational method to schedule team collocation and brainstorming efforts to maximize their benefit; and (3) a means to consider iterative activities (and associated hand-offs) in design work structuring.     

Concept for Type-Local Instance–Global Instance Object Modeling and Application to Structural Design of Buildings

Rational data modeling is prerequisite to the computerization of design, and the use of design information in the subsequent work, in areas such as cost estimation and construction. In particular, the structural design of buildings consists of a long series of unit steps and is nonprocedural and data intensive compared with structural analysis problems that are procedural and computation intensive. Hence, there is a need to investigate the characteristics of the problem and to structure design information properly to effectively manage it in the structural design process. This paper discusses modeling concepts for managing design information efficiently and supporting the design process effectively. Type-local instance–global instance object modeling is the conceptual backbone of the model in this study and provides consistent modeling of structural components including not only primitive members such as beams and columns, but also composite elements such as floors, frames, and even whole buildings. This paper also provides core and extended object concepts for classifying structural design information into an overall design and for processing dependent temporary stages in the design. Foundational and application object concepts are introduced for extending the model to various types of structures. An integrated structural design system for buildings is developed based on these modeling concepts, and finally a brief discussion of the application of the object model throughout the entire structural design process in the integrated structural design system is given. It is expected that the modeling concepts proposed in this research can be applied to a range of other engineering applications.     

浅谈结构设计中的质量管理

本文通过对建筑结构设计前期质量管理,设计过程质量管理,设计后期质量管理的阐述,分析了建筑结构设计全面质量管理的过程,简洁透明、便于掌握。有效地执行建筑结构设计全面质量管理是设计单位在同行业竞争中的关键因素。     

阿尔及利亚供水管线项目设计体会

针对阿尔及利亚供水项目,论述了供水项目设计过程中的管道选线、水力计算、管道设计、主体构筑物设计、附属构筑物设计等相关问题,提供了满足技术要求、适合当地市场的供水项目设计经验。     

Renovation Projects: Design Process Problems and Improvement Mechanisms

This paper presents a case study of a recent office renovation project. The paper investigates the problems that occurred during the design process, analyzes the causes of design iterations and rework, and proposes changes that can improve the design process. The analysis illustrates two design challenges that cause iterations and rework: (1) preexisting, hidden conditions identified late in the design process, and (2) limitations of downstream systems that were not accounted for in upstream decisions. The recommendations propose mechanisms to reduce design rework and duration, and increase the quality of the design solution. The recommendations are (1) to accelerate the discovery of existing conditions, (2) to identify the project constraints that design and construction have to meet, (3) to select the project team early, and (4) to accelerate the iterative design process with a team-based rapid development of schematic design (rapid prototyping).     

略谈平面设计中插画图形的辅助设计

插画图形设计被越来越多的平面设计工作者青睐,青睐于它的原创性和可应用性。因为插画图形设计的出现,使得设计工作者能够延展自己的艺术设计风格,定位自己的艺术理念,因此,插画图形设计已经成为平面设计工作者设计作品中的重要元素之一了。     

对展示设计的探讨

展示设计在当今信息时代应用越来越广泛，其实用价值越来越高，设计效果备受社会关注。本文论述了展示设计的基本概念和特性，结合笔者多年设计工作经验和体会提出了展示空间设计的基本原则和在展示环境设计中对功能空间的处理方式，供展示空间设计者在设计工作中借鉴。