耐摩擦牢度提升剂在亚麻织物染色中的应用

本文研究了耐摩擦牢度提升剂在亚麻染色织物上的应用特点,分析了耐摩擦牢度提升剂用量、焙烘温度、染料浓度三个主要影响因素对干、湿摩擦牢度的影响。实践证明,在不影响亚麻织物手感和服用性能的情况下,使用耐摩擦牢度提升剂能使织物干、湿摩擦牢度等级提高1级。最佳的工艺参数:耐摩擦牢度提升剂用量40 g/L,染料浓度2%,焙烘温度120℃。     

水性聚氨酯印花粘合剂应用工艺研究

以聚乙二醇（PEG）、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯（IPDI）为原料,二羟甲基丙酸（DMPA）为亲水扩链剂,乙二胺为非亲水扩链剂,三乙胺（TEA）为中和剂,采用预聚体分散法合成水性聚氨酯涂料印花粘合剂。通过单因素分析法测试涂料印花织物牢度指标等性能,确定了最佳整理工艺为：焙烘温度为150℃,焙烘时间为3min,粘合剂用量25g,涂料用量Rg．交联剂用量0.8g,增稠剂用量2~4g。     

聚丙烯酸酯无皂乳液黏合剂在涂料印花中的应用

在聚丙烯酸酯无皂乳液黏合剂的涂料印花应用实验中,通过对焙烘温度、焙烘时间.黏合剂用量及乳化糊用量对涂料印花、色织物的性能(如干湿摩擦牢度和K/X值等)等因素进行分析,确定了最佳应用工艺条件。通过与工业用黏合剂对织物性能影响进行对比,发现该无皂乳液黏合剂的干、湿摩擦牢度,皂洗牢度等均已达到了生产要求,具有广泛的应用前景。     

新型丙烯酸酯类涂料染色粘合剂NZ-7的合成及应用

采用无皂乳液聚合法合成新型丙烯酸酯类涂料染色粘合剂NZ-7。讨论了温度、引发剂、功能单体、交联单体和胶体保护剂的用量及其他因素对该粘合剂性能及染色织物效果的影响。结果表明：该涂料染色粘合剂稳定性良好,染色织物耐摩擦、皂洗等牢度好,织物手感佳。     

醋丙乳液的合成及应用

以丙烯酸羟乙酯(HEA)为交联单体,丙烯酸甲酯(BA)、乙酸乙烯酯(VAc)、丙烯酸异辛酯(EHA)为主单体,丙烯酸(AA)为功能单体,过硫酸铵为引发剂,合成了性能良好的醋丙乳液。探讨了引发剂、功能单体、乳化剂等聚合条件对乳液性能的影响,确定了聚合反应的最佳合成工艺。将制备好的粘合剂作用于处理后的织物上,通过改变焙烘温度、焙烘时间、粘合剂的用量、涂料用量和乳化糊用量,确定了较佳的织物印花工艺。织物的干湿摩擦和皂洗牢度已达到了工业级标准。     

微射流法制备双阳离子化改性涂料及其应用

采用微射流法用Gemini双阳离子分散剂制备双阳离子化改性涂料.在Gemini双阳离子分散剂用量为1%,涂料用量为5%,微射流分散时间为30 min,微射流分散压力为1.7×105kPa条件下制备的双阳离子化改性涂料的粒径为211.9 nln,Zeta电位为32.4 mV,黏度为1.33 mPa·s.结果表明,双阳离子化改性涂料具有较好的贮存稳定性和酸碱稳定性,用于染色后织物的K/S值较常规未改性涂料提高了16.2%,各项牢度可以提高半级以上.     

超声波对涂料染色的改性研究

采用正交实验的方法对超声波在涂料染色的影响进行了探究。以不同温度、不同超声波作用时间条件以及不同粘合剂浓度的涂料对涤/棉混纺织物进行轧染,并对染色样品进行色牢度检测,得到最优条件组合。目标是减少粘合剂用量,最终解决常规粘合剂涂料染色中因粘合剂带来的织物手感差、色牢度差、粘合剂沾辊等问题。     

可逆热致变色涂料印花研究

采用可逆热致变色涂料对织物进行印花。研究增稠剂、粘合剂、焙烘条件等对织物颜色、牢度等的影响。结果表明,微胶囊包封后,体系内可能遗留部分未反应的环氧树脂与固化剂残基,这些基体有可能与印花粘合剂、增稠剂发生反应而生成不透明物质,从而影响色浆及印花产品的颜色,所以印花助剂的选择和工艺条件的控制十分重要。在本研究范围内,最佳色浆配方和印花工艺条件为：耐盐性能和抗渗化性能好的KG-201、KG-203作增稠剂;对颜色影响小且手感好的PT-528S作粘合剂,用量为色浆的15％,焙烘条件是100℃下5min。     

有机硅改性丙烯酸酯细乳液的合成及其涂料印花性能研究

以侧链乙烯基聚硅氧烷、丙烯酸丁酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、苯乙烯、丙烯酸为单体,正十六烷为助乳化剂,过硫酸铵为引发剂,合成了兼具疏水性和柔软性的涂料印花粘合剂。通过测定反应过程中的粒径、反应转化率、乳液电位等对细乳液反应进行研究。结果表明:随着反应时间的延长,有机硅改性丙烯酸酯细乳液粒径逐渐减小,反应的转化率逐渐提高。反应3 h后基本保持稳定。有机硅改性丙烯酸酯细乳液与未改性乳液相比,其电位绝对值较高,更加稳定。将合成的细乳液成膜,研究了焙烘温度和时间对胶膜表面水接触角的影响,最后用于涂料印花。结果表明:随着焙烘温度的提高,胶膜表面接触角变大,最终稳定在95°左右。焙烘时间为10 min,胶膜表面的接触角基本稳定。粘合剂用量为20%时,棉织物涂料印花湿摩擦牢度达到4级,K/S值较大,织物表面疏水性较强,硬挺度较低,透湿量为8 807 g/(m ²·d),效果较好。     

锦纶66酸性染料促染工艺

本文探究了促染剂LYF对四支染料上染锦纶66织物K/S值的效果;考察了染色温度、促染剂用量、醋酸用量、染料浓度对锦纶66织物的影响;绘制了上染曲线,测试了锦纶66织物的耐皂洗、耐汗渍、耐泡水牢度。结果表明,当染色温度为100℃,促染剂浓度为0.5%时,促染剂对0.5～6%染料浓度的锦纶66织物均有促染效果,基本可以替代醋酸,耐皂洗和耐汗渍牢度均达3级以上,耐泡水牢度比醋酸好。     

Dyeing and finishing of cotton fabric in a single bath with reactive dyes and citric acid

Simultaneous dyeing and durable press finishing of cotton fabrics with reactive dyes and citric acid finishing agent was carried out using a pad-dry-cure process. Factors affecting the process, such as the concentration of dye, citric acid, catalyst and alkali, as well as the curing temperature, were investigated. The dyed and finished fabrics were evaluated with respect to colour strength, crease recovery angle, breaking strength and fastness properties.     

Synthesis of cationic binder through surfactant-free emulsion polymerization for textile pigment applications

The cationic P(DMDAAC-BA-MMA-HEA) copolymer latex was prepared with diallyldimethylammonium chloride, butyl acrylate, methylmethacrylate and hydroxyethyl acrylate as monomers via surfactant-free emulsion polymerization. The structures and morphologies of the latex were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The utilization performance of the cationic latex as a binder for pigment dyeing of cotton fabrics was investigated. FT-IR showed that the polymer was prepared successfully. TEM micrograph revealed that the hybrid latex particles were uniform spheres with the diameter ranged from 500 to 600 nm. Cotton fabric dyed with the cationic binder demonstrated 3–4 grade dry and wet rubbing fastness and 4 grade soaping fastness, which were comparable with commercial binders. Moreover, the binder can be used safely in pigment dyeing to give the dyed fabric improved hand feel and excellent elongation at break. It could be said that an efficient way to produce a binder with good performance was developed by the use of cationic emulsifier-free emulsion polymerization.     

Modelling the properties of pigment‐dyed polyester/cotton sheeting fabrics by response surface methodology

The aim of this study was to model the effect of pigment, binder and fixer concentrations on the rubbing fastness, crease recovery, tear strength and stiffness of pigment‐dyed polyester/cotton sheeting fabrics. The design and analysis of experiments were carried out using Minitab^® statistical software according to the central composite design of response surface methodology. It was found that an increase in the binder concentration significantly improves the dry rubbing fastness, crease recovery and stiffness of the fabric, with a corresponding decrease in fabric tear strength, without significantly affecting the wet rubbing fastness. An increase in the fixer concentration significantly improves both the dry and wet rubbing fastness and crease recovery, with a decrease in fabric tear strength and stiffness. The effect of binder and fixer concentrations on crease recovery was not linear and there was significant negative interaction between these factors for dry rubbing fastness. The effect of pigment concentration was not found to be statistically significant for the types and range of concentrations of pigment, binder and fixer used in this study.     

Modelling the properties of one‐step pigment‐dyed and finished polyester/cotton fabrics using response surface methodology

Dyeing of polyester/cotton blended fabrics with two different classes of dyes for polyester and cotton is a lengthy and expensive procedure owing to different fibre contents that need different auxiliaries, pH, and temperature conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate and model the properties of a combined pigment dyeing and hand‐building finishing system for polyester/cotton blended fabrics. The one‐step process was investigated using response surface methodology, taking concentrations of pigment, softener, and hand‐building finish as experimental variables. It was found that increase in hand‐building finish helps to improve colour fastness at higher pigment concentrations but results in deterioration in fabric tear strength. However, the decrease in tear strength can be minimised by increasing the softener concentration. For a 15 g l^?1 pigment concentration, optimum fabric tear strength, crease recovery angle, bending length, and dry and wet rubbing fastness properties were obtained using 60 g l^?1 of softener and 65 g l^?1 of hand‐building finish. The prediction equations developed in this study can be used to determine the required amounts of softener and hand‐building finish to achieve commercially acceptable results at different pigment concentrations.     

Antimicrobial protection of cotton and cotton/polyester fabrics by radiation and thermal treatments. I. Effect of ZnO formulation on the mechanical and dyeing properties

Cotton and cotton/polyester fabrics were treated against microbial attack by applying a formulation based essentially on ZnO under high‐energy radiation and thermal curing. To achieve the homogeneity and the reactivity of the treating formulation, a binder (Impron MTP) and a dispersing agent (Setamol WS) were used with ZnO. The antimicrobial property of the fabrics was evaluated, in terms of mechanical properties, by a soil burial test. Moreover, the effect of antimicrobial finishing on the dyeing properties in terms of color strength was investigated. It was found that the best composition that affords the best antimicrobial protection to cotton fabrics contains 2% ZnO, 2% binder, and 1% dispersing agents. For the cotton/polyester blend, the best results were achieved at the same conditions except the ZnO was 1%. It was found that the treatment under the effect of electron‐beam irradiation is better than that of gamma irradiation and thermal curing. The results showed that when the finishing process was carried out before dyeing with a reactive dye, it affects the color strength rather than performing the finishing after the dyeing process. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 88: 1129–1137, 2003     

降解壳聚糖在棉织物活性染料低盐染色中的应用

采用降解壳聚糖对棉织物进行预处理,比较处理前后棉织物活性染料染色的上染率、固色率及耐摩擦牢度,在此基础上研究低盐工艺对棉织物活性染料染色的上染率、固色率的影响。实验结果表明降解壳聚糖预处理棉织物显著改善活性染料染色性能,提高染料上染率,减少了染整加工过程中对环境造成的污染。降解壳聚糖预处理的最佳工艺条件:浸渍温度80℃、降解壳聚糖用量0.8%(owf)、浸渍时间30 min。     

双一氟三嗪活性染料的染色方法与染色性能

合成了一支含双一氟三嗪活性基团的活性染料并应用于棉纤维的染色。详细考察了染色温度、固色温度、加碱量以及加盐量对其染色结果的影响。结果表明,在染色温度90℃,Na2SO4用量70g/L,固色温度40～60℃,碱量（Na2CO3）0～3 g/L时染料的固色率可以达到87%。与同结构的含双一氯均三嗪活性染料相比,含氟活性染料的固色率提高13.5%。该染料具有较好的各项牢度性能。     

A novel strategy for realising environmentally friendly pigment foam dyeing using polyoxyethylene ether surfactant C14EO5 as a foam controller

Development of an environmentally friendly pigment dyeing process with excellent colour depth and levelness is an effective strategy for solving pollution problems in traditional dyeing. A functional polyoxyethylene ether nonionic surfactant, tetradecyl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether with an EO chain length of 5 (C₁₄EO₅), was used as a foam controller, namely a foaming agent and foam stabiliser, in the pigment foam dyeing process. The foamability and the foam stability of C₁₄EO₅ were tunable by adjusting its concentration. The foaming ratio and the foam half-life of C₁₄EO₅ were 5.22 and 32.21 min, respectively, at a concentration of 8 wt%. The addition of pigment dispersion (ranging from 1 to 6 wt%) slightly affected the foaming ratio and the foam half-life owing to the interplay of increased viscosity and pigment particle destabilisation. After the influences of binder on foam properties of C₁₄EO₅ were investigated, the concentration of binder and the stirring time for foaming were determined as 15 wt% and 7 min respectively. Owing to the stable foaming ratio and foam half-life of the pigment foam dyeing dispersion, the colour depth of dyed cotton fabric was tailored solely by changing the dosage of pigment dispersion. Furthermore, the dyed cotton fabric showed not only a high K/S value but also perfect colour levelness and fastness. These results demonstrate that the pigment foam dyeing process with a foam controller, C₁₄EO₅, reduces chemical and water consumptions, as well as improving the colour depth and levelness. This represents a significant step forward as regards environmentally friendly pigment dyeing.     

Pigment color printing on cotton and polyester fabrics with electron beam irradiation curable formulations

Accelerated electrons delivered by electron beam accelerator were used to fix pigment colors, incorporated in curable formulation containing diluting monomer and an oligomer, to cotton and polyester fabrics. Tetrahydrofurfurfryl acrylate monomer and trifunctional urethane‐methacrylate (TFUMA) oligomer were used as curable base besides ethylene glycol. The fabrics were printed with these formulations and exposed to various doses of electron beam irradiation generated from the 1.5 MeV (25 kW) electron beam accelerator machine. The irradiation dose, formulation composition, and pigment color concentration were studied. The roughness and color fastness to rubbing, washing, and perspiration of the printed fabrics by electron beam irradiation, were compared to the same fabrics printed by conventional pigment printing pastes. The results showed that cotton and polyester fabrics printed with the pigment colors by electron beam irradiation displayed higher color strength than those fabrics printed by the conventional thermal curing at equal pigment color ratios depending on the kind of pigment color. The durability properties, in term of roughness, rubbing, washing, and perspiration of fabrics printed by electron beam irradiation are better than those printed by conventional thermal curing. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009