超高压管材液压成形控制系统的研制

介绍了管材液压成形工艺,根据液压成形原理,自主研制出具备高压发生器、阀门管路等配件的超高压液压系统,同时通过可编程控制器实现对电磁元件的控制,有效地解决了管材在液压成形过程中的端口密封、进给补料等关键问题,为管材液压成形的实验研究奠定了基础。     

基于FEM的汽车前梁内高压成形工艺研究

对典型空心构件汽车前梁内高压成形工艺进行了数值模拟研究,基于弹塑性有限元法和BT壳元理论建立计算模型并进行动力显式求解,分析了主要工艺参数———管坯尺寸和内压加载路径对成形质量的影响。模拟结果表明,采用管径55mm及低压合模、高压整形双线性加载路径时能显著控制起皱、破裂缺陷的产生,成形质量较理想。可见,合适的工艺参数能改善内高压成形过程中材料的分布、提高材料的成形极限、控制缺陷产生并提高产品质量。     

农作物秸秆粉末高压无胶模塑成形压机液压系统设计

文章介绍一款用于农作物秸秆粉末高压无胶模塑成形压机的液压系统设计,并对主要动作进行了分析.实际使用结果表明:该液压系统满足了压制过程中对压力、速度、保压时间等成形工艺参数的要求.     

内高压成形管件在汽车上的应用

内高压成形作为一种制造空心轻体构件的先进制造技术,相比传统结构件有着节省材料、降低重量、增加刚性强度等优点,在近年来发展迅速,目前已成为塑性加工领域中一个热点研究方向.汽车零部件多为复杂空心构件,截面及轴向形状复杂,因此开展内高压成形技术的研究,具有重要理论及工程实际意义.针对内高压成形钢管在车身上的运用,内高压成形的原理,内高压成形所涉及的材料以及内高压成形产品的缺陷进行研究.     

汽车轻量化中的管材内高压成形技术

简述管材内高压成形技术基本原理、历史和现状。内高压成形技术具有减轻重量、提高产品质量、降低生产成本、近净成形与绿色制造技术的独特工艺特点和技术、经济优势。内高压成形工艺的关键技术有:缺陷与控制策略技术、数值模拟技术、摩擦与润滑技术。内高压成形技术有待深入研究的问题有:管材力学性能测试方法、高压成形摩擦测定、高压成形件设计准则、模具设计关键技术。内高压成形技术的发展趋势是:双层管内高压成形;拼焊管内高压成形;内高压成形与连接复合。     

空心变截面构件内高压成形工艺与装备

介绍汽车轻量化的途径及内高压成形技术的应用趋势。阐述管材内高压成形基础理论、工艺模具关键技术以及产业化应用方面的最新进展。在内高压成形基础理论方面,揭示弯曲管内高压成形的环向应力、轴向应力及环向应变、轴向应变和厚向应变的分布规律。阐明内高压整形阶段圆角充填时存在极限圆角半径,并分析液体压力和摩擦条件对极限圆角半径的影响规律。在工艺模具关键技术方面,提出降低成形压力的内凹预制坯方法和大径厚比超薄异型管件内高压成形方法,解决多孔同步液压冲孔模具等关键技术。在工业应用方面,攻克超高压建立、高压水介质传输、超高压与多轴位移闭环实时控制等多项设备关键技术,为国内汽车主机厂及零部件厂研制了多台生产用大型内高压成形机,成功应用于奔腾轿车副车架、扭力梁和SUV车前支梁等汽车零部件的批量制造。     

内高压成形机理研究及其应用

分析内高压成形常见缺陷形式,用弹塑性稳定理论给出起皱条件及主要影响因素,讨论如何确定最佳加载路径等机理问题,用数值模拟探讨了皱纹的利用和控制,简要介绍在国产首台内高压成形机上进行的铝合金和不锈钢内高压成形试验研究结果.结果表明随着内压力增加,起皱临界轴向力逐渐提高;加载比例参数 λ=1.0,即使管坯处于纯剪状态,是理论上最佳加载路径,能保证管坯不发生起皱现象,同时能保证壁厚不变.实际工艺控制应尽量靠近该加载路径.提出并非所有皱纹都是缺陷的观点,利用有益皱纹可以减少壁厚减薄.     

基于内高压成形的液压冲孔变形机理

介绍了基于管材内高压成形的液压冲孔工艺过程、类型及特点。采用MARC有限元分析软件,对典型管材零件的液压冲孔过程进行了数值模拟,获得了应力、应变及变形的分布及变化情况,发现了在孔的外缘部位存在着塑性弯曲变形区。在此基础上,阐述了液压冲孔的变形机理,分析了液体压力对冲孔质量产生的影响。     

内高压热态成形设备设计研发

介绍了内高压热态成形技术的重要性后,设计一种可以研究铝合金管成形性能的内高压热态成形设备。设备的成形内高压采用手动打压泵提供,简便易操作,成形过程中可以提供最高达150Mpa的内高压;设备的加热采用加热棒进行加热,设备采用温度控制仪与热电偶组合对温度进行控制,可以提供室温到300℃区间的成形温度;密封形式采用硬密封,密封结构利用锥台式的结构进行密封。设备可以对小管径的铝合金管材进行胀形实验,可以研究铝合金管材从室温到300℃区间不同温度的成形性能。     

管材内高压成形国内研究进展及发展趋势

对管材内高压成形工艺的原理、特点、发展历史及典型应用等进行了较为详细的说明,同时从理论、实验及模拟三个方面系统地介绍了近年来国内管材内高压成形工艺的研究进展;在给出内高压成形工艺目前发展中存在的主要问题的基础上,指出了未来几年内高压成形工艺的发展趋势。     

基于Dynaform三通管液压成型分析

提出改进液压成型工艺,并通过Dynaform软件仿真及实际生产验证。该方法舍弃了通常管材液压成形中所需的超高压供给系统以及平衡冲头,进而大大降低设备费用。在验证工艺正确基础上,通过Dynaform软件仿真分析影响三通管液压成型因素。仿真模拟分析为模具设计方案和液压成形工艺方案设计提供了科学的依据,提高了设计效率。     

HYDROFORMING OF BIMETALLIC LINED PIPE

A new hydroforming process for manufacturing corrosion-resistant-alloy (CRA)-lined pipe is proposed to overcome the disadvantages in existing technologies, and a new kind of hydraulic expansion device for bimetallic CRA-lined pipe has been researched and developed. Its operational principal and technical characteristic is also introduced. The stress and strain in the liner and outer pipe during the hydroforming process have been analyzed and the mechanism of hydraulic expansion method is studied theoretically. The final forming pressure formula is suggested and the theoretical analysis is verified by experimental investigation. The results indicate that the new technology is feasible and can be applied in industrial production.     

Analytical approach to bursting in tube hydroforming using diffuse plastic instability

Analytical studies on onset of bursting failure in tube hydroforming under combined internal pressure and independent axial feeding are carried out. Bursting is irrecoverable phenomenon due to local instability under excessive tensile stress. In this paper, in order to predict the bursting failure diffuse plastic instability based on the Hill's quadratic plastic potential is introduced. The incremental theory of plasticity for anisotropic material is adopted and then the hydroforming limit and bursting failure diagram with respect to axial feeding and hydraulic pressure are presented. The influences of the plastic anisotropy on plastic instability, the limit stress and the bursting pressure are also investigated. Finally, the stress-based hydroforming limit diagram obtained from the above approach is verified with experimental results.     

脉动液压成形技术与设备

介绍脉动液压成形技术的成形原理、工艺特点及应用领域。从工艺和材料两方面对脉动液压成形提高材料成形能力的机理进行研究,试验证明脉动载荷一方面能够促进管材液压成形时的补料、降低摩擦力的阻碍作用并利用成形过程中小褶皱的出现与消失提高变形的均匀性;另一方面,对于奥氏体不锈钢,脉动载荷可以增强形变过程中的相变增塑效应,从而提高其成形性。自主设计并研制出能实现工业化生产需求的自动化程度高的脉动液压成形设备,为该项技术在汽车、航空及航天制造领域中的推广和应用提供重要的理论指导和实践探索。     

汽车后延臂液压胀形的数值模拟

在基于刚塑性模型的HydroFORM-3D有限元平台上,对汽车后延臂的液压胀形工艺进行数值模拟分析和研究,分别考察了汽车后延臂液压胀形的主要工艺参数,如管内压力、轴向进给量及摩擦条件对成形过程的影响。并与实际试验结果进行验证和比较,结果表明,数值模拟具有较好的计算精度,可以准确地预测出几何变形和厚度变薄量。     

Numerical analysis and design for tubular hydroforming

To get an optimum deformation path for tubular hydroforming, the hydroforming limit of isotropic and anisotropic tubes subjected to internal hydraulic pressure, independent axial load or torque is firstly proposed based on the Hill's general theory for the uniqueness to the boundary value problem and compared with those of the conventional sheet forming. The influences of the deformation path, the material properties and the active length–diameter ratio on the nucleation and the development of wrinkling during the free tubular hydroforming are also investigated. The above theory is used as a criterion and implemented with some new functions in our ITAS3D, an in-house finite element code for simulating the sheet forming, to control the materials flow and to prevent the final failure modes from occurring. Finally, the tubular hydroforming of an automobile differential gear box is taken as an example to show the efficiency and usefulness of the algorithm.     

A prediction of bursting failure in tube hydroforming process based on plastic instability

Based on plastic instability, an analytical prediction of bursting failure on tube hydroforming processes under combined internal pressure and independent axial feeding is carried out. Bursting is an irrecoverable phenomenon due to local instability under excessive tensile stresses. In order to predict the bursting failure, three different classical necking criteria – diffuse necking criteria for a sheet, and a tube, and a local necking criterion for a sheet – are introduced. The incremental theory of plasticity for an anisotropic material is adopted and the hydroforming limit, as well as a diagram of bursting failure with respect to axial feeding and hydraulic pressure are presented. In addition, the influences of material properties such as anisotropy parameter, strain hardening exponent and strength coefficient on plastic instability and bursting pressure are investigated. As a result of the above approach, the hydroforming limit with respect to bursting failure is verified with experimental results.     

Application of segmented rubber rings to increase the sealing efficiency in hydroforming

The tube hydroforming process uses a pressurized fluid as the forming medium, and the sealing efficiency of the internal fluid has an important influence on the hydroformability. This study investigates the applicability of segmented rubber rings to prevent pressure leakage in hydroforming. When the target shape is non-axisymmetric, the possibility of pressure leakage is increased due to the biased stress distribution on the punch. A sealing system is proposed, which is composed of segmented rubber rings, a cylindrical sleeve, and a punch with an end fillet. When the rubber rings are compressed, the reaction force acting on the rings contributes to the prevention of pressure leakage. The circumference of the tube end becomes more tightly sealed by the axial pressure between the punch and sleeve. A deformation analysis was conducted using a compression test, which revealed that the combined use of a steel ring with a rubber ring was more efficient in preventing fluid leakage. The enhanced sealing effect of the proposed system with rubber and steel rings was confirmed by comparing the experimental results with a conventional hydroforming process.     

Accuracy analysis of complex curvature parts based on the rigid-flexible hydroforming

The complex curvature parts are studied on by the rigid-flexible hydroforming, aimed at the accuracy analysis. In this paper, the cylindrical die with convex sphere and sharp fillet at the bottom, and with small size concave characteristic at the peak of the convex sphere, was designed to analyze the effect of bulging height and hydraulic pressure on the part accuracy, including large characteristic forming and small characteristic filling. The part-mold contact gap and springback distributions were discussed by experimental and numerical method to analyze the part accuracy. The results show that free bulging height and hydraulic pressure are the main factors that affect the part accuracy, and when the hydraulic pressure is constant, the springback of the large characteristic reduces with the increase of the free bulging height; when the free bulging height is constant, higher hydraulic pressure is better for the local small characteristic filling, and the part attach the mold better from the rear position where it contacts with the mold to the first position where it contacted with the mold.     

Coupled buckling and plastic instability for tube hydroforming

In this paper, the hydroforming limit of isotropic tubes subjected to internal hydraulic pressure and independent axial load is discussed.Swift's criterion is often used in this case for the prediction of diffuse plastic instability. Here, we first highlight the existence of two different Swift's criteria (for sheets and for tubes).Then, we recall that these types of approaches do not take into account buckling induced by axial loading. In fact, buckling may obviously occur before plastic instability; consequently, Swift's criteria must not be used alone to predict instability in the case of tube hydroforming.Numerical simulation was used to confirm these points and to analyse both the buckling and striction phenomena together. The two types of instability must be treated together in a reasonable approach to the hydroforming process.In this paper, the material verifies a “J2-flow” constitutive rate constitutive law. Jaumann's derivative was chosen and the Prandtl–Reuss equations with von Mises’ yield criterion and the associated flow rule were used. Isotropic hardening was taken into account.