超巨磁电阻薄膜物理及应用

由于在外界温度变化和磁场作用下表现出巨大的磁电阻效应(CMR),超巨磁电阻材料成为一个热点研究课题。CMR材料在硬盘读出磁头,随机存储器上极具潜力,在磁传感器、光热辐射探测器、场效应晶体管及磁制冷等方面的应用也崭露头角。首先介绍了CMR薄膜材料的结构和机理,接着详细讨论了它们在器件应用上,尤其是在激光感生电压热电电压效应(LITV)、Bolometer、传感器等有关方面的应用进展。最后展望了CMR薄膜未来的应用前景。     

高T_cYBa_2Cu_3O_y薄膜光电响应的研究

随着高临界温度(Tc)超导材料的出现,它的广泛应用前景受到高度重视。利用超导材料转变区中点附近电阻随温度急剧变化这一特性,可以制成热辐射探测器件。我们用He-Ne激光(632.8nm)和Ar~+激光(主要514.5nm)对YBa_2Cu_3O_y薄膜在转变区     

CW CO2激光对PV型InSb探测器的破坏效应

通过测量光伏型锑化铟探测器在不同功率密度、不同辐照时间的CW CO2激光辐照时性能的变化,得到其破坏阈值区间.理论上用一维热模型计算了探测器在激光辐照过程中的温升,结果表明,PV型InSb探测器的破坏效应源于连续波激光辐照过程中温升达到InSb材料熔点时其pn结退化为电阻.     

HgCdTe探测器Pt电阻测温分析

研究了PV型HgCdTe探测器在1.319 μm连续激光辐照下的温升效应。根据探测器的分层结构及测温Pt电阻的位置(冷面上)，推断Pt电阻测得的温度并不直接反映HgCdTe芯片的温度，而是比芯片温度低很多。实验测量了Pt电阻的温升，数值模拟了Pt电阻温度随时间的变化以及探测器各层结构的温升情况，理论分析结果与实验结果相一致。     

脉冲激光探测电路设计

脉冲激光探测电路的设计是激光应用领域的重要内容,根据脉冲激光信号的特点,从探测能力、响应时间、稳定性三方面对脉冲激光探测电路的设计进行研究,重点论述了光电探测系统组成的三个重要组成部分：光电探测器、光电转换电路和探测器偏置电路。深入分析了光电探测器的选型、利用电阻进行光电转换电路的特性以及利用跨导放大器进行光电转换电路的特性,对于激光探测系统的设计有一定参考价值。     

具有p-n结特性的La1-xCaxMnO3／SrNbxTi1-xO3巨磁阻多层膜的透射电镜研究

本文选择Nb掺杂的SrNbxTi1-xO3(SNTO)作为n型衬底材料，利用激光分子束外延(LMBE)生长La1-xCaxMnO3(LCMO)巨磁阻薄膜作为P型材料，人工合成了巨磁阻锰氧化物异质结。这种异质结不仅具有良好的p-n结特性，而且具备其他特殊的物理性质。一般认为LCMO巨磁阻薄膜材料中具有负的CMR     

300 MHz氮化铝轮廓模式谐振器的设计

氮化铝轮廓模式谐振器(CMR)能够满足现代无线通信对单片、多频段、可重构的多频率源的需求,具有很大的应用前景。针对目前无具体单个CMR频点的设计方法,提出了一种结合CMR性能参数的影响因素分析和有限元计算的CMR设计方法。该文对CMR的谐振频率、质量因子、机电耦合系数和动态电阻等谐振器主要性能参数的影响因素进行理论分析得到CMR结构的初始尺寸,再利用COMSOL有限元软件建立CMR几何模型并进行频域求解得到相应的频率-导纳曲线和频率-质量因子曲线;根据仿真结果和理论计算对CMR初始结构尺寸进行优化,并仿真设计了一个氮化铝CMR,其谐振频率为300 MHz,质量因子约为1 010,机电耦合系数约为1.64%。     

激光成像制导探测器研究进展

激光成像制导是精确制导的主要发展方向之一。激光成像制导探测器是激光成像系统的关键部件。介绍了国内外激光成像制导探测器的研究进展,包括HgCdTe焦平面、Si雪崩焦平面、InGaAs PIN探测器和雪崩光电二极管(Avalanche Photodiode,APD)焦平面。InGaAs APD焦平面将会成为激光成像制导探测器的主要发展方向,其关键技术包括外延材料生长、高均匀性探测器制备以及读出电路设计等。     

脉冲激光溅射沉积制备La0.67Ba0.33MnO3薄膜的应变效应研究

采用脉冲激光溅射沉积技术在LaAlO3(001)衬底上制备了一系列不同厚度(40～240 nm)的La0.67Ba0.33MnO3薄膜。通过控制薄膜的厚度，获得了不同应变态的La0.67Ba0.33MnO3薄膜。根据X射线衍射(XRD)数据详细分析了薄膜厚度变化对c轴晶格常数的影响。采用标准的直流四探针法和超导量子干涉仪分别测量了薄膜的电阻温度特性和磁化强度温度特性。研究发现，La0.67Ba0.33MnO3薄膜的居里温度和金属绝缘态转变温度随压缩应变的增大而减小，即压缩应变抑制了La0.67Ba0.33MnO3薄膜的铁磁性，降低了居里温度。这一结果与以往压缩应变增强铁磁性并提高居里温度的结论相异，不能利用Millis的应变理论模型进行定性解释。利用超巨磁电阻(CMR)薄膜材料的应变效应对eg轨道稳定性的影响对La0.67Ba0.33MnO3薄膜的异常磁电输运效应进行了解释。     

激光辐照对长波HgCdTe光导探测器电学参数的影响

对长波HgCdTe光导探测器进行了低于其永久损伤阈值的变功率激光辐照 ,测量辐照前后器件的电阻 温度特性 ,用电阻 温度特性研究材料参数的方法对实验结果进行拟合 ,结果表明辐照后HgCdTe探测器件的组分变大 ,并由此计算得到探测器性能突变后 ,器件的电子迁移率与电子浓度均有一定程度减小。认为这可能是由于激光辐照的热效应使N型HgCdTe光导器件的表面及体内均产生的一定的变化所致     

钙钛矿稀土合金锰氧化物p-n异质结

由于稀土合金锰氧化物在电子输运和自旋磁性等方面具有优异特性,人们对其潜在的应用寄予了很高的期望．近5年来,人们发展了一种新型的p-n结结构:在n型掺杂的SrTiO3单晶衬底上生长具有p型性质的钙钛矿锰氧化物薄膜,制成p-n异质结结构．本文重点介绍这种新型p-n异质结的研究进展,并对该类p-n异质结的应用前景进行展望．     

Oxide Spintronics

Concomitant with the development of metal-based spintronics in the late 1980s and 1990s, important advances were made on the growth of high-quality oxide thin films and heterostructures. While this was at first motivated by the discovery of high-temperature superconductivity in perovskite Cu oxides, this technological breakthrough was soon applied to other transition-metal oxides and, notably, mixed-valence manganites. The discovery of colossal magnetoresistance in manganite films triggered intense research activity on these materials, but the first notable impact of magnetic oxides in the field of spintronics was the use of such manganites as electrodes in magnetic tunnel junctions, yielding tunnel magnetoresistance ratios that are one order of magnitude larger than what had been obtained with transition-metal electrodes. Since then, research on oxide spintronics has been intense, with the latest developments focused on diluted magnetic oxides and, more recently, on multiferroics. In this paper, the most important results on oxide spintronics was reviewed, emphasizing materials physics as well as spin-dependent transport phenomena, and finally give some perspectives on how the flurry of new magnetic oxides could be useful for next-generation spintronics devices     

Observation of magnetic domain structure in phase-separated manganites by lorentz electron microscopy

Magnetic domain structure in manganites was investigated by Lorentz electron microscopy, in order to understand some unusual physical properties, such as a colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) effect and a metal-to-insulator (MI) transition. In particular, we examined the spatial distribution of the charge/orbital ordered (CO/OO) insulator state and the ferromagnetic (FM) metallic state in phase-separated manganites, (La5/8-xPrx)Ca3/8MnO3 for x = 0.375, by obtaining both the dark-field and Lorentz images. We found an unusual coexistence of the CO/OO and FM metallic states with micrometer size below a MI transition temperature of 60 K. Our experimental findings provide direct evidence of the phase separation found in CMR manganites.     

YMnO_3薄膜的铁电性能及其应用

对金属 -铁电体 -半导体场效应晶体管器件而言 ,具有六方晶系结构的稀土锰酸盐 ( Re Mn O3)是性能优良的薄膜材料 ,它们的介电常数低 ,仅仅只有单一的极化轴 ,没有挥发性的元素 Pb、Bi等。本文作者对 Re Mn O3材料的结构特征、制备方法及其铁电性能等进行了介绍 ,并指出存在的困难及其发展方向。     

Bayes网络与关系模型的集成:概率关系模型

对象关系模型和Bayes网络分别是关系理论和概率理论两个不同领域中最重要的模型，它们首次集成于本文引入的概率关系模型中，作为新型的概率模型，概率关系模型不仅继承了Bayes网络的大部分优点，而且关系特征和对象的概念使它能有效地克服Bayes网络在许多方面的不足，而成为对复杂系统模建的理想工具，是对Bayes网络的重要创新；作为新型的关系模型，概率关系模型也是对传统关系模型的重要创新，具备概率特征的对象关系模型有了处理不确定性问题的能力。概率关系模型的创建对复杂智能信息系统开发研究有有着特别重要的意义，本文首先评述Bayes网络和对象关系模型，然后在此基础上引入概率关系模型。     

Two Classes of Frequency-Response Masking Linear-Phase FIR Filters for Interpolation and Decimation

This paper introduces two classes of frequency-response masking (FRM) linear-phase finite (length) impulse response (FIR) filters for interpolation and decimation by arbitrary integer factors M. As they are based on the FRM approach, the proposed filters are low-complexity (efficient) sharp-transition linear-phase FIR interpolation and decimation filters. Compared to previously existing FRM linear-phase FIR filter classes for interpolation and decimation, the new ones offer lower complexity and more freedom in selecting the locations of the passband and stopband edges. Furthermore, the proposed classes of FRM filters can, as special cases, realize efficient Mth-band FRM linear-phase FIR interpolation and decimation filters for all values of M. Previously, only half-band (M = 2) FRM linear-phase FIR filters have appeared in the literature. The paper includes design techniques suitable for the new filters and design examples illustrating their efficiency.     

基于Re:YAG-SiO2光纤的单频光纤激光器研究进展（特邀）

Re:YAG-SiO₂多组分玻璃光纤是以Re:YAG作为纤芯材料,以石英管作为包层材料,采用熔芯法利用拉丝塔在高温下拉制的特种光纤,具有掺杂浓度高、增益大、机械强度高、易与石英光纤熔接等优点,适用于短腔单频光纤激光器。文中介绍了Re:YAG-SiO₂光纤的制备工艺,结合笔者课题组在该领域的研究工作,综述了近年来基于Re:YAG-SiO₂光纤的单频激光技术在1.0 μm,1.5 μm及2.0 μm波段的研究进展,并对Re:YAG-SiO₂光纤的制备及基于该类光纤单频激光器所存在的问题进行了归纳分析,对未来的发展进行了展望。     

Capacity of a mobile multiple-antenna communication link inRayleigh flat fading

We analyze a mobile wireless link comprising M transmitter and N receiver antennas operating in a Rayleigh flat-fading environment. The propagation coefficients between pairs of transmitter and receiver antennas are statistically independent and unknown; they remain constant for a coherence interval of T symbol periods, after which they change to new independent values which they maintain for another T symbol periods, and so on. Computing the link capacity, associated with channel coding over multiple fading intervals, requires an optimization over the joint density of T·M complex transmitted signals. We prove that there is no point in making the number of transmitter antennas greater than the length of the coherence interval: the capacity for M>T is equal to the capacity for M=T. Capacity is achieved when the T×M transmitted signal matrix is equal to the product of two statistically independent matrices: a T×T isotropically distributed unitary matrix times a certain T×M random matrix that is diagonal, real, and nonnegative. This result enables us to determine capacity for many interesting cases. We conclude that, for a fixed number of antennas, as the length of the coherence interval increases, the capacity approaches the capacity obtained as if the receiver knew the propagation coefficients     

系列稀土配合物Re_(1-x)Tb_x(TTFA)_3Phen的合成及光学性能研究

合成了以TTFA、1,10-Phen为第一和第二配体的系列铕和钐、铽(用Re表示钐、铕)双核稀土有机配合物Re11-xTbx(TTFA)3Phen,测试了不同掺杂浓度的各个配合物的紫外吸收光谱和荧光光谱.由紫外吸收光谱可以看出,稀土有机配合物的吸收峰主要来自有机配体.讨论了配合物的传能机理.荧光光谱表明,铽离子对钐离子有敏化效应,铽离子对铕离子有强烈的敏化效应.     

基于Re(Ⅰ)配合物有机电致发光器件的研究进展

Re(Ⅰ)配合物能够产生较好的自旋轨道耦合,其内量子效率在理论上可以达到100%,比荧光材料高3倍。因其具有相对短的激发态寿命、室温下高的磷光量子效率、较好的热稳定性和化学稳定性等优点使其被广泛关注。文章对Re(Ⅰ)配合物在有机电致发光器件中的研究进展进行了综述,并对Re(Ⅰ)配合物分子设计与电致发光器件的发展前景进行了展望。