应用极值分析评估帘线钢大尺寸夹杂物分布

基于定量金相检测的大颗粒夹杂物的尺寸,应用 ASTME2283中极值分析的标准化方法（最大似然估计法）对帘线钢冶炼过程所取试样中夹杂物尺寸分布进行了统计分析,并采用 SEM/XPS对大尺寸夹杂物进行了成分检测。分析结果表明：在逆程周期为 1000的检测条件下,通过极值分析方法可计算出试样中相对应 99.90%概率的最大夹杂物尺寸,客观描述了帘线钢中夹杂物尺寸分布特征;某一视场或不同视场内发现不同成分类型的大尺寸夹杂物： CaO-SiO2类和 SiO2-MnO类两类夹杂物具有不同的尺寸分布规律;软吹 40min时 SiO2-MnO类夹杂物出现大尺寸概率明显小于 CaO-SiO2类夹杂物,说明大尺寸夹杂物主要为 CaO-SiO2类夹杂物。     

离心铸管充型过程中夹杂物运动规律数值模拟研究及应用

对卧式离心铸造充型过程中流体质点受力进行分析，根据夹杂物运动规律推断出不同种类夹杂物沉淀分离时间及最佳浇注温度。基于Procast软件建立了卧式离心铸造充型过程夹杂物运动模型，对离心铸管在不同转速条件下夹杂物运动轨迹及最终停留位置进行了数值模拟及工艺优化。结果表明，夹杂物密度越小、粒子尺寸越大，分离时间越短。5μm的SiO2夹杂最容易在离心力的作用下从金属液中甩出，并最终停留在铸管内表面。适合L605离心铸管最佳浇注温度为1580℃，离心转速为2800r/min。在此工艺参数条件下，对离心铸管进行了实际浇铸实验，利用光学显微镜（OM）、扫描电镜（SEM及EDS）获得其夹杂物分布和成分信息。实际铸件夹杂微观分析结果与数值模拟的一致，验证了预测及模拟结果的有效性。     

夹杂物对X120管线钢氢致开裂的影响

研究了X120管线实验钢的抗H_2S氢致裂纹敏感性。用多功能金相显微镜对X120管线实验钢非金属夹杂物进行颗粒度分析,用场发射扫描电子显微镜(SEM)及能谱仪(EDS)观察和分析裂纹形貌和裂纹内夹杂物。结果表明:X120管线实验钢氢致开裂一般都从非金属夹杂物处萌生扩展,并互相交叉连接;实验钢中B类夹杂物较D类夹杂物易于形成长条型裂纹,且B类夹杂物级别越高,其HIC敏感性越大;X120管线钢中S、Al含量越高,其夹杂物级别越高,非金属夹杂物数量越多,氢致开裂敏感性也越大。     

铝合金液夹杂物在线检测图形分析

采用电阻法,对ZL102合金所含夹杂物进行了在线检测.结果表明,可以通过电流脉冲的高度评价夹杂的大小,通过电流脉冲的频率评价夹杂的数量；改变探头两端电压,对电流脉冲图形没有影响,检测系统的电阻变化率相差不大,但使电流曲线图形的上平台下降.     

铝合金液夹杂含量与含气量的关系

采用减压凝固密度试样法测定ZL106合金的试样密度,在四种不同含气量条件下,用电阻法检测铝液中的夹杂含量,分析铝液含气量与夹杂物的相互关系.试验结果表明:夹杂和气体存在着密切的孪生关系,铝液中的夹杂含量越多,含气量越高；夹杂含量越少,含气量越低.同时分析了静止工艺对铝液净化的重要性.     

中间包底部吹气过程去除夹杂物效果的模拟研究

采用数值模拟手段,结合水模型实验模拟,研究了中间包底部吹气过程对中间包内流场及夹杂物传输行为的影响.结果表明,在吹气条件下中间包采用挡墙控制有利于改善中间包流场,促进夹杂物上浮在实验条件下双板斜孔挡墙控制去除夹杂物效果优于堰-坝挡墙控制形式.     

铝合金熔体中夹杂物及其在线检测技术研究进展

铝合金熔体中存在的夹杂物对坯料的后续加工和产品的各项性能有显著影响。介绍了铝合金熔体中常见氧化物、氮化物、氯化物和细化剂残留物等夹杂物的形貌、来源和去除手段,阐述了适用于工业生产的夹杂物去除方法,并对夹杂物在线检测技术的研究进展和发展历程进行了回顾和展望。     

Q195热轧带钢凝固冷却过程非金属夹杂物生成热力学及工业实践

为了控制Q195钢中非金属夹杂物在凝固冷却过程的转变,采用ASPEX自动扫描电镜研究了实际生产凝固冷却过程夹杂物的转变,并用FactSage软件理论计算了这一过程夹杂物转变的热力学原理。研究结果表明:Si-Mn-Al复合脱氧Q195热轧带钢中间包内夹杂物主要成分为SiO2-MnO-Al2O3,连铸坯中硫化物夹杂质量分数急剧升高,氧化物夹杂中SiO2质量分数升高,MnO质量分数下降。钢中夹杂物成分与尺寸有明显对应关系,中间包内夹杂物尺寸越大,Al2O3质量分数越多,SiO2质量分数越低;铸坯中夹杂物尺寸越小,MnS质量分数越高,氧化物夹杂尺寸越小,SiO2质量分数越高。FactSage热力学计算表明,在钢凝固冷却过程,钢中会析出SiO2相、Mn2Al4Si5O18相和MnS相,析出相尺寸一般较小,使小尺寸夹杂物中SiO2和MnS质量分数升高,热力学理论计算可以较好地解释夹杂物成分在凝固冷却过程的转变。     

异形坯结晶器三维流场模型的研究

依照湍动能理论及异形坯连铸的特点 ,建立了异形坯结晶器三维流场数学模型。运用该模型分析了不同水口参数及工艺参数条件下的流场分布 ,从而得出影响结晶器内钢液流动的因素有水口倾角、水口浸入深度及拉坯速度。结果表明 :采用上倾 15°有利于夹杂物上浮 ;拉速 0 .9m/s可使流场分布均匀 ;适宜的水口深度可选 2 0 0mm。利用该模型可对连铸过程进行离线分析 ,确定最佳参数 ,并可作为在线控制模型的基础     

纯铝中夹杂物检测方法的对比分析

介绍了图像分析法、溴-甲醇法、溶剂冲洗法等 3 种夹杂物检测方法及原理,并对同1炉次纯铝样品中的夹杂物含量进行对比检测分析.结果表明,3种检测方法均能检测出纯铝中夹杂物的含量水平.其中,图像分析法简便易行,但夹杂物含量检测结果偏大;溶剂冲洗法虽然检测结果较为准确,但检测值易偏小;溴-甲醇法在纯铝夹杂物含量较高时,检测结果较准确,在夹杂物含量较低时,检测结果相对偏差较大,但该检测方法的测量值均易偏小.本文实验结果可为制定纯铝中不同夹杂物含量水平的检测标准提供依据.     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

THERMODYNAMICS STUDY ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF CHROMITE WITH KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON DAMPING BEHAVIOUR OF THE MAGNESIUM WROUGHT ALLOY AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

An Easy Way to Quantify the Adhesion Energy of Nanostructured Cu/X(X=Cr,Ta,Mo,Nb,Zr) Multilayer Films Adherent to Polyimide Substrates

An approach based on film buckling under simple uniaxial tensile testing was utilized in this paper to quantitatively estimate the interfacial energy of the nanostructured multilayer films(NMFs) adherent to flexible substrates. The interfacial energies of polyimide-supported NMFs are determined to be *5.0 J/m2 for Cu/Cr, *4.1 J/m2 for Cu/Ta,*2.8 J/m2 for Cu/Mo, *1.1 J/m2 for Cu/Nb, and *1.2 J/m2 for Cu/Zr NMFs. Furthermore, a linear relationship between the adhesion energy and the interfacial shear strength is clearly demonstrated for the Cu-based NMFs, which is highly indicative of the applicability and reliability of the modified models.     

High-Speed Friction Stir Welding of SiC_p/Al–Mg–Si–Cu Composite

A 17 vol% SiCp/Al–Mg–Si–Cu composite plate with a thickness of 3 mm was successfully friction stir welded(FSWed) at a very high welding speed of 2000 mm/min for the first time. Microstructural observation indicated that the coarsening of the precipitates was greatly inhibited in the heat-affected zone of the FSW joint at high welding speed, due to the significantly reduced peak temperature and duration at high temperature. Therefore, prominent enhancement of the hardness was achieved at the lowest hardness zone of the FSW joint at this high welding speed, which was similar to that of the nugget zone. Furthermore, the ultimate tensile strength of the joint was as high as 369 MPa, which was much higher than that obtained at low welding speed of 100 mm/min(298 MPa). This study provides an effective method to weld aluminum matrix composite with superior quality and high welding efficiency.     

新型的治疗阿尔茨海默氏症药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2,2,2-三氯)-乙基-1-醇烟酸醋对体外神经细胞的作用

目的: 观察本实验室合成的一种治疗阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)的药物(1-二甲基磷酰基-2, 2, 2 -三氯)-乙基^-1-醇烟酸醋(NMF),对体外培养的皮层神经细胞活性的影响以及对海人藻酸(KA)所致的神经损伤的保护作用。方法: 采用体外培养皮层神经元的方法,解剖分离 15 d胚胎小鼠皮层神经细胞, 接种于 96孔板,48 h 后加药并培养 72 h,以 MIT 法 观察 NMF 对小鼠皮层神经细胞活性的影响;同时将接种于 24 孔板的细胞预先给予 NMF,d 3 时加或不加KA处理后,以台盼蓝染色鉴别并计数死、活细胞,可得出细胞的存活率。结果: NMF 明显促进胎鼠皮层神经元活性,其中 NMF1、0. 1、10nmol·L^-1促进神经元活性增殖率分别高达 34.7%、37.4%、36. 7%, NMF 明显促进正常胎鼠皮层神经元存活卒,与对照组比较,10nmol·L^-1 NMF 对皮层神经元的存活率分别提高 39.3%、73.5%。 NMF能显著 对抗 KA 所致的神经元损伤,与 KA 损伤组相比, NMF0.1、10、10nmol·L^-1对损伤皮层神经元的保护率分别为 77.30%、80.10%、84.15%。结论: NMF 明 显促进胎鼠皮层神经元的洁性、提高正常皮层神经元,的存活卒,并能有效地保护KA所致的神经元损伤,提示 NMF 是一种很有潜力的治疗 AD 的药物。     

A STUDY OF TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT VALENCE BOND STRUCTURE OF TITANIUM

On the basis of energy and shape method for the determination of the valence bond (VB) structures of crystal, the valence bond structure of titanium is redetermined at room temperature and calculated in the whole temperature range of 0-1943K. The outer shell electronic distribution of Ti is e_c~(2.9907) · (s_c~(0.4980) d_c~(2.4927)) ef1.0093 in crystal. The temperature dependences of the VB structures of hcp and bcc phases are the same. The VB structures of hcp and bcc phases monotonically increase or decrease with the increase in temperature, but show discontinuous changes at the phase-transformation temperature 1155K.