CIMS仿真环境设计

本介绍ＣＩＭＳ仿真环境设计过程，对ＣＩＭＳ设计方法和功能结构进行了研究，提出了具有特色的计算机软硬件配置结构。本系统开发为实际ＣＩＭＳ的设计开发提供了理论与经验，也为各种ＣＩＭＳ单元技术的研究和ＣＩＭＳ集成方法的研究提供了实验环境。     

成飞CIMS工程实践的回顾和体会

成都飞机工业公司是我国８６３／ＣＩＭＳ的第一个应用工厂。本文回顾了成飞ＣＩＭＳ工程实践的道路和获得的成果，总结了成飞ＣＩＭＳ工程实践的基本经验，分析了成飞ＣＩＭＳ工程实践对探索在中国条件下应用ＣＩＭＳ工程技术改造传统产业，加速我国制造业现代化的重大意义。     

CIMS中计算机网络的构造

介绍了ＣＩＭＳ的基本观点和ＣＩＭＳ中计算机网络的特点，讨论了以ＭＡＰ，ＴＯＰ和Ｆｉｅｌｄｂｕｓ构成ＣＩＭＳ的标准结构，进行了组网的需求分析和优缺点比较，最后就ＣＩＭＳ中计算网络的发展前景了几点相关看法。     

CIMS应用集成平台的体系结构和集成机制研究

本文介绍了应用集成平台的产生背景和发展趋势。结合企业的需求，给出了制造业ＣＩＭＳ应用集成平台应该具有的基本特性，并给出了制造业ＣＩＭＳ应用集成平台的基本功能和系统体系结构。定义了ＣＩＭＳ应用的集成机制，本文所设计的集成平台可以为企业的ＣＩＭＳ实施和企业间的集成提供有力的帮助。     

复杂曲面测量造型与数控加工系统3MS及CAM模块分析

复杂曲面测量造型与数控加工系统３ＭＳ及ＣＡＭ模块分析清华大学国家ＣＩＭＳ工程技术研究中心张和明浙江大学机械系柯映林，程耀东曲面数控加工在机械制造业，特别是航空、航天、模具以及汽车工业中占有非常重要的地位。随着计算机和数控技术的不断发展，国内外相继推出...     

CIMS应用集成平台体系结构研究

本文介绍了制造业ＣＩＭＳ应用集成平台的产生背景和基本概念，给出制造业ＣＩＭＳ应用集成平台的系统体系结构和其客户／服务器结构，定义了ＣＩＭＳ应用的集成机制，本文所设计的集成平台可以为企业的ＣＩＭＳ实施和企业间的集成提供有力的帮助，它为企业实现敏捷制造和并行工程提供了基础服务功能。     

流程工业的CIMS

流程工业的ＣＩＭＳ（１０００８４北京清华大学自动化系）徐用懋一、ＣＩＭＳ的含义ＣＩＭＳ是英文缩写（ＣｏｍｐｕｔｅｒＩｎｔｅｒｇｒａｔｅｄＭａｎｕｆａｃｔｕｒｉｎｇＳｙａｔｅｍ），直译为计算机集成制造系统，首先是在机械制造行业自动化中提出的。目前ＣＩＭ...     

CIMS中MRPI与CAD/CAPP/CAM的信息集成方法

基于微机环境下的计算机集成制造系统以其投资省、见效快而逐渐在我国制造业特别是中小型企业实施，信息集成是ＣＩＭＳ的关键技术之一。本文提出了在微机环境下，用Ｆｏｘｐｒｏ开发ＭＲＰＩＩ，实现ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＰＰ／ＣＡＭ信息集成的方法。     

CIMS中MRPⅡ与CAD／CAPP／CAM的信息集成方法

基于微机环境下的计算机集成制造系统以其投资省，见效快而逐渐在我国制造业特别是中小型企业实施，信息集成是ＣＩＭＳ的关键技术之一。     

CIMS环境异构网络及设备MMS互连

ＣＩＭＳ环境中计算机和设备的通信是实现ＣＩＭＳ的基础，而ＣＩＭＳ的复杂性决定了其网络呈现异构性，设备具有多样性，ＭＭＳ－制造报文规范，是一种适合于ＣＩＭＳ环境实设备通信的应用层服务元素。本文在介绍ＭＭＳ的基础上提出了异构网络ＭＭＳ实现的方法，互连网关的设计以及机器人入网的标准和策略，最后进行了ＭＭＳ工操作的验证及机器人系统ＭＭＳ基础一致性类说明。     

计算机仿真在制造车间设计中的应用

制造车间层的设计与车间中设备的利用率,产品的生产时间,车间的效率等密切相关,必须采取一种有效的方法。这是一个十分重要而又复杂的问题,也是目前仿真领域的研究热点之一。本文是“计算机仿真与制造业发展”系列文章中的第二篇,主要介绍了仿真技术在车间设计中的应用及几个可用于车间设计阶段的仿真软件,并且通过一个实例具体说明了如何使用仿真技术来辅助完成车间的设计工作。     

计算机仿真在制造车间运行中的应用

如何制定合理有效的日调度单,是人们在车间运行阶段所面临的主要任务,也是充分发挥车间生产能力的关键,因此许多研究人一直致力寻找一条有效的途径来解决调度问题,本文是“计算机仿真与制造业发展”系列文章的第三篇,主要介绍了仿真技术在车间运行中的应用,几个可用于车间运行阶段生成日调度单的仿真软件,并且通过一个实例具体说明了如何使用仿真技术来辅助产生车间生产所需的日调度单。     

Efficiency optimization and simulation to manufacturing and service systems based on manufacturing technology Just-In-Time

The similarities between manufacturing and the service industry are analyzed in this research. Student information desk (SID) in the University of Exeter is used as the case study in this research to explore the application of manufacturing technology in service system. The manufacturing technology Just-In-Time (JIT) is applied in this research to improve the efficiency of SID. The results of solution are examined using computer simulation software “Witness.” Different simulation models are built to examine the results of the two improvement solutions by applying manufacturing technology JIT. The result indicates that manufacturing technology JIT performs well in the service system when compared to the traditional service management improvement solution.     

智能制造中的计算机视觉应用瓶颈问题

计算机视觉在智能制造工业检测中发挥着检测识别和定位分析的重要作用,为提高工业检测的检测速率和准确率以及智能自动化程度做出了巨大的贡献。然而计算机视觉在应用过程中一直存在技术应用难点,其中3大瓶颈问题是：计算机视觉应用易受光照影响、样本数据难以支持深度学习、先验知识难以加入演化算法。这些瓶颈问题使得计算机视觉在智能制造中的应用无法发挥最佳效能。因此,需要系统地加以分析和解决。本文总结了智能制造和计算机视觉的概念及其重要性,分析了计算机视觉在智能制造工业检测领域的发展现状和需求。针对计算机视觉应用存在的3大瓶颈问题总结分析了问题现状和已有解决方法。经过深入分析发现：针对受光照影响大的问题,可以通过算法和图像采集两个环节解决;针对样本数据难以支持深度学习的问题,可以通过小样本数据处理算法和样本数量分布平衡方法解决;针对先验知识难以加入演化算法的问题,可以通过机器学习和强化学习解决。上述解决方案中的方法不尽相同,各有优劣,需要结合智能制造中具体应用研究和改进。     

The advent of “green” computer design

Computer manufacturing and consumption are becoming a significant environmental concern. Some fundamental changes are beginning to take place in the computer industry. These changes aren't about MIPS or megabytes. They're about manufacturers in the computer industry beginning to look for ways to reduce the resources they consume and the waste they generate, and for ways to make their products more recyclable. This process is known as “green” computer design. One factor driving green design is the fact that computer manufacturing and consumption is growing rapidly and is becoming a significant cause for environmental concern. For example, semiconductor manufacturing is very resource-intensive: making just one wafer requires substantial amounts of energy, photochemicals, acids, hydrocarbon based solvents, and other materials. Meanwhile, computers are also creating a waste disposal problem. Based on current consumption pattern, IBM estimates that discarded computers will occupy 2 million tons of US landfill space by 2000. Making components, etching circuit boards, and other manufacturing processes generate additional tons of waste. Green computer design addresses four primary issues: reducing the resources consumed and the waste generated when producing computers or components; developing cleaner manufacturing processes; minimizing the energy and other resources that computers consume; and enabling computers and components to be used (and thereby stay out of the waste stream) longer     

Methodology for rapid identification and collection of input data in the simulation of manufacturing systems

Computer simulation is a well-established decision support tool in the manufacturing industry. The rapid development and deployment of simulation models however, are inhibited by factors such as inefficient data collection, lengthy model documentation, and poorly planned experimentation. Typically, more than one third of project time is spent on identification, collection, validation, and analysis of input data. Whilst most research work has been focused on statistical techniques for data analysis, less attention has been paid to the development of systematic approaches to input data gathering. This paper presents a methodology for rapid identification and collection of input data in batch manufacturing environments. A functional module library and a reference data model, both developed using the IDEF (Integrated computer aided manufacturing DEFinition) family of constructs, are the core elements of the methodology. The paper also identifies the major causes behind the inefficient collection of data.     

Construction of a computer-simulated mixed reality environment for virtual factory layout planning

To survive the cut-throat competition in the manufacturing industry, many companies have introduced digital manufacturing technology. Digital manufacturing technology not only shortens the product development cycle times but also improves the precision of engineering simulation. However, building the virtual objects needed for a digital manufacturing environment requires skilled human resources; it is also costly and time-consuming. A high precision environment with the similar resources is also needed for a high precision simulation. In this paper, we propose a method of constructing a mixed reality-based digital manufacturing environment. The method integrates real objects, such as real images, with the virtual objects of a virtual manufacturing system. This type of integration minimizes the cost of implementing virtual objects and enhances the user's sense of reality. We studied several methods and derived a general framework for the system. Finally, we developed our idea into a virtual factory layout planning system. To assign the pose and position of real objects in virtual space, we applied a circle-based tracking method which uses a safety sign instead of the planar-square-shaped marker generally used for registration. Furthermore, we developed the framework to encapsulate simulation data from legacy data and process data for visualization based on mixed reality.     

A simulation system for a surface climbing robot

In order to reduce the cost of designing a new mechanism, it is desirable to use a simulation system that is able to provide a realistic representation of motions of the newly designed mechanism before actually manufacturing it. The modern computer graphics techniques have made it possible to realize this kind of simulation system. In this paper a simulation system with 2-D and 3-D was developed for design of a surface climbing robot with two legs, which can be used for inspections of nuclear power plants, ships, storage tanks, aircraft and tall buildings. This simulation/animation system was written in AutoLISP and implemented in a personal computer equipped with AutoCAD.     

A Manchester computer pioneer: Ferranti in retrospect

The role of Ferranti Ltd. in the developing computer industry in the Manchester area is examined. The performance of the Ferranti firm once it entered into computer manufacturing and the reasons for the company's failure in that industry are discussed. The firm is compared with others attempting to enter the field at the same time     

数字孪生与生产线仿真技术研究

随着新一代信息技术与制造技术的深度融合,仿真技术正向着信息系统与物理系统深度融合和高效协同的方向发展,应运而生的数字孪生技术成为近年来的新兴研究热点.为探索采用新一代信息技术促进离散制造行业数字化转型升级,从仿真技术的发展脉络和应用场景入手,引入基于数字孪生技术开展生产线仿真分析的研究,介绍了数字孪生技术的概念和内涵,...