PP/PP-g-MAH/OMMT纳米复合材料流变性能

采用自制聚丙烯(PP)接枝马来酸酐(PP-g-MAH)作为相容剂,与经有机化改性的蒙脱土(OMMT)通过熔融插层法制备了PP/PP-g-MAH/OMMT纳米复合材料,对其加工和流变性能进行了研究.结果发现,随着OMMT用量增加,PP/OMMT和PP-g-MAH/OMMT纳米复合材料的熔体流动速率(MFR)有下降的趋势;...     

PP/PA6/OMMT纳米复合材料制备及其振动力场下发泡性能研究

利用复合引发剂(过氧化二异丙苯/过氧化苯甲酰)自制马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(PP g MAH)作为相容剂,制备了聚丙烯/聚酰胺6/马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯/纳米有机黏土（PP/PA6/PP g MAH/OMMT）复合材料,研究了相容剂和纳米OMMT含量对复合体系力学性能的影响,并利用自制超临界CO2塑料动态发泡实验装置,研究了发泡温度、转子转速、振动力场对复合材料发泡性能的影响。结果表明,在复合材料配比为PP/PA6/PP g MAH/OMMT=100/30/15/3时,与纯PP相比,复合材料的熔体强度提高了163 %,冲击强度提高了41 %,拉伸强度提高了8.4 %;在剪切力场上叠加振动力场,有助于改善泡孔形状,均化泡孔分布,提高泡孔密度。     

固相法插层改性黏土在PP中的应用

采用固相法对黏土进行有机化插层改性制备有机黏土,再通过熔融插层法制备聚丙烯(PP)/有机黏土纳米复合材料。有机黏土在PP中的层间距由原来的4.07 nm扩大到5.84 nm,PP分子链成功插入到固相法改性的黏土中,形成纳米复合材料。PP/有机黏土纳米复合材料的结晶温度由112.9℃提高119.6℃,熔融过程、熔点及结晶度没有明显变化。PP/有机黏土纳米复合材料的力学性能优于PP/钠基黏土复合材料,有机黏土的质量分数在3%-5%时,纳米复合材料的力学性能最佳。     

固相法制备有机黏土改性聚丙烯

采用固相法对黏土进行有机化插层改性,制备出有机黏土;通过熔融插层法制备聚丙烯/有机黏土纳米复合材料。X射线衍射分析表明,固相法改性黏土可以与聚丙烯形成纳米复合材料。利用DSC研究了纳米复合材料的结晶和熔融过程,结果表明:聚丙烯/有机黏土纳米复合材料的结晶温度提高,熔融过程、熔点及结晶度没有明显变化。力学性能测试结果表明:有机黏土含量在3%～5%范围内,纳米复合材料的力学性能最佳。     

PP/有机改性蒙脱土纳米复合材料的性能

采用熔融插层法制备了聚丙烯/有机改性蒙脱土(PP/OMMT)纳米复合材料,研究了OMMT用量对PP基体力学性能和阻燃性能的影响,利用透射电镜(TEM)分析了OMMT在PP基体中的分散性。结果表明:OMMT的加入有助于提高PP基体的力学性能和阻燃性能;熔融插层法可以使PP的大分子链有效地插入OMMT的片层之间;随着OMMT用量的增加,其在PP基体中的分散性变差。     

聚丙烯/纳米蒙脱土/高熔体强度聚丙烯复合材料的发泡行为水

利用线性聚丙烯(PP)和有机化处理的纳米蒙脱土(OMMT)在双螺杆挤出机上用熔融插层法制备PP/纳米OMMT 复合材料.通过在PP/纳米OMMT复合材料中加入少量的高熔体强度聚丙烯(HMS-PP),以模压发泡法制备了PP/0MMT和PP/HMs-PP/0MMT复合材料的发泡制品.利用扫描电镜研究了高熔体强度聚丙烯对PP/纳米0MMT复合材料发泡行为的影响.研究结果表明:HMS-PP的加入明显改善了PP的发泡性能,所得的泡孔密度增大,泡孔的合并现象明显改善.     

聚丙烯/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的制备与性能研究

采用十八烷基三甲基氯化铵（OTAC）和十二烷基二甲基卞基氯化铵（DDBAC）改性蒙脱土,以聚丙烯接枝马来酸酐（PP-g-MAH）作相容剂,通过熔融插层法制备了聚丙烯/蒙脱土纳米复合材料（PP/OMMT）.结果表明,PP-g-MAH能有效地改善PP与OMMT的相容性,当OTAC改性的蒙脱土（OMMT-O）用量为5wt%、PP-g-MAH用量为10wt%时,PP/PP-g-MAH/OMMT-O纳米复合材料的冲击强度为5.4 KJ/m^2,比纯PP提高了80%,极限氧指数（LOI）由PP的18提高到23.X射线衍射（XRD）测试表明,PP已经插层进入到蒙脱土片层中,部分蒙脱土产生了剥离.     

PP／蒙脱土纳米复合材料的性能研究

采用熔融插层法制备出了聚丙烯（PP）／蒙脱土（OMMT）纳米复合材料,研究了蒙脱土的加入量对PP基体力学性能和阻燃性能的影响。结果表明,蒙脱土的加入有助于提高PP基体的力学性能和阻燃性能。     

聚丙烯的协效阻燃研究

采用熔融共混法制备出了聚丙烯（PP）/纳米氢氧化铝（nano-ATH）/有机改性蒙脱土（OMMT）纳米复合材料,研究了OMMT的加入量对PP/nano-ATH复合材料力学性能和阻燃性能的影响。结果表明,OMMT的加入,可以改善PP/nano-ATH复合材料的拉伸性能、弯曲性能和阻燃性能,但会严重损害PP/nano-ATH复合材料的冲击强度。     

OMMT/PP/EPDM纳米复合材料的结构与性能研究

研究机械共混法制备的有机蒙脱土(OMMT)/聚丙烯(PP)/EPDM纳米复合材料的亚微观结构、物理性能和热稳定性能。结果表明:采用十八烷基三甲基铵盐改性OMMT制备的OMMT/PP/EPDM纳米复合材料为插层型纳米复合材料,具有较优的物理性能;当OMMT用量较小时,复合材料的物理性能随着OMMT用量的增大而提高,且在OMMT用量为2份时表现出较好的综合物理性能;OMMT/PP/EPDM纳米复合材料具有优异的热稳定性能。     

Effect of clay modification on the morphological,mechanical, and thermal properties of polyamide 6/polypropylene/montmorillonite nanocomposites

Polyamide 6/polypropylene (PA6/PP = 70/30 parts) blends containing 4 phr (parts per hundred resin) of organophilic montmorillonite (OMMT) were prepared by melt compounding. The sodium montmorillonite (Na‐MMT) was modified using three different types of alkyl ammonium salts, namely dodecylamine, 12‐aminolauric acid, and stearylamine. The effect of clay modification on the morphological and mechanical properties of PA6/PP nanocomposites was investigated using x‐ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), tensile, flexural, and impact tests. The thermal properties of PA6/PP nanocomposites were characterized using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and heat distortion temperature (HDT). XRD and TEM results indicated the formation of exfoliated structure for the PA6/PP nanocomposites prepared using stearylamine modified montmorillonite. On the other hand, a mixture of intercalated and exfoliated structures was found for the PA6/PP nanocomposites prepared using 12‐aminolauric acid and dodecylamine modified montmorillonite. Incorporation of OMMT increased the stiffness but decreased the ductility and toughness of PA6/PP blend. The PA6/PP nanocomposite containing stearylamine modified montmorillonite showed the highest tensile, flexural, and thermal properties among all nanocomposites. This could be attributed to better exfoliated structure in the PA6/PP nanocomposite containing stearylamine modified montmorillonite. The storage modulus and HDT of PA6/PP blend were increased significantly with the incorporation of both Na‐MMT and OMMT. The highest value in both storage modulus and HDT was found in the PA6/PP nanocomposite containing stearylamine modified montmorillonite due to its better exfoliated structure. POLYM. COMPOS., 31:1156–1167, 2010. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Influence of physical interaction between organoclay and poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) matrix and effect of clay content on rheological melt state

In this study nanocomposites of poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) (EVA) and organophilic montmorillonite clay (OMMT) (0, 2, 5 and 10 phr) were prepared. The nanocomposites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), parallel plate rheometry and mechanical analysis. Oscillatory rheometry provided relaxation and retardation spectra, and the stress relaxation modulus and the creep compliance curves were obtained using the nonlinear regularization (NLREG) program. The results showed that 2 phr of OMMT were not sufficient to promote dispersion and exfoliation of the clay, although in the form of clay tactoids it had a catalytic effect on the degradation of EVA. The OMMT content had a strong influence on the thermal stability of chain segments containing vinyl acetate (VAc). The rheological study showed that at 5 phr there were substantial changes in the viscosity and energy dissipation of the sample, suggesting that at above 2 phr the nanocomposites become more stable leading to changes in the creep and viscoelastic properties of the material. The addition of OMMT promoted significant gains in terms of the mechanical properties, and thus a study on the clay content and flow behavior was carried out.     

BR/CB/OMMT纳米复合材料的结构与性能研究

采用溶液插层法与双辊混炼法制备了顺丁橡胶/炭黑/有机蒙脱土（BR/CB/OMMT）纳米复合材料,用透射电子显微镜（TEM）以及X射线衍射（XRD）方法对复合材料的亚微观结构进行了表征,并研究了复合材料的力学特性、耐磨耗性能以及硫化特性。结果表明：BR/CB/OMMT为插层型纳米复合材料;在OMMT含量小于4份时,BR/CB/OMMT纳米复合材料具有优异的力学性能和耐磨耗性能;OMMT起到了硫化促进剂的作用,降低了BR的焦烧时间（TS）和正硫化时间（T90）;低填充量OMMT可提高复合材料的交联密度。     

Solid‐state mechanical properties of polypropylene/nylon 6/clay nanocomposites

The mechanical and thermomechanical properties as well as microstructures of polypropylene/nylon 6/clay nanocomposites prepared by varying the loading of PP‐MA compatibilizer and organoclay (OMMT) were investigated. The compatibilizer PP‐MA was used to improve the adhesion between the phases of polymers and the dispersion of OMMT in polymer matrix. Improvement of interfacial adhesion between the PP and PA6 phases occurred after the addition of PP‐MA as confirmed by SEM micrographs. Moreover, as shown by the DSC thermograms and XRD results, the degree of crystallinity of PA6 decreased in the presence of PP‐MA. The presence of OMMT increased the tensile modulus as a function of OMMT loading due to the good dispersion of OMMT in the matrix. The insertion of polymer chains between clay platelets was verified by both XRD and TEM techniques. The viscosity of the nanocomposites decreased as PP‐MA loading increased due to the change in sizes of PA6 dispersed phase, and the viscosity increased as OMMT loading increased due to the interaction between the clay platelets and polymer chains. The clay platelets were located at the interface between PP and PA6 as confirmed by both SEM and TEM. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010     

BIIR/EPDM/OMMT纳米复合材料的结构与性能研究

选择实验室自制有机蒙脱土(OMMT),采用机械共混法制备了溴化丁基橡胶/三元乙丙橡胶/OMMT(BIIR/EPDM/OMMT)纳米复合材料。利用X射线衍射分析(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜分析(SEM)考察了复合材料的亚微观结构,表明成功制备出了BIIR/EPDM/OMMT纳米复合材料;不同OMMT含量的复合材料的力学性能测试结果表明:当OMMT用量为5份时,拉伸强度和撕裂强度分别提高了44%和43%;另外对纳米复合材料的硫化特性及表观交联密度进行了对比分析。     

有机蒙脱土对天然橡胶/丁苯橡胶的补强及增容作用

采用机械混炼法制备了天然橡胶(NR)/丁苯橡胶(SBR)/有机蒙脱土(OMMT)纳米复合材料,采用TEM和XRD对复合材料的亚微观结构进行了表征,并对复合材料的表观交联密度、静态力学性能、动态力学性能和硫化热效应进行了研究。结果表明,复合材料为剥离型纳米复合材料;OMMT能够明显提高纳米复合材料的交联密度和静态力学性能;OMMT导致NR/SBR共混胶动态损耗因子降低,并且能够促使NR和SBR玻璃化转变温度更为接近,起到了增容作用;OMMT实现了NR和SBR两相的同步硫化。     

Structure and properties of polypropylene/clay nanocomposites compatibilized by solid‐phase grafted polypropylene

Polypropylene/organic‐montmorillonite (PP/OMMT) nanocomposites were prepared via a solid‐phase PP graft (TMPP) with a higher grafting level as the compatibilizer. The effects of the compatibilizer on the structure and properties of PP/OMMT nanocomposites were investigated. The structure of the nanocomposites were characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results showed that when the weight ratio of TMPP and OMMT is greater than 1:1, the OMMT can be dispersed in PP matrix uniformly at the nanoscale. The mechanical properties of the nanocomposites reached a maximum when the weight ratio of TMPP and OMMT is 1:1, although more uniform dispersion was achieved at a higher content of TMPP. The mechanical properties of the nanocomposites decrease with the content of TMPP. The crystallization behavior, dynamic rheological property, and thermal stability of the nanocomposites were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic rheological analysis, and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), respectively. Due to the synergistic effects of TMPP and OMMT on the crystallization of PP, the crystallization peak temperature of the nanocomposites increased remarkably compared with that of the neat PP. TMPP shows β‐phase nucleating ability and OMMT promotes the development of β‐phase crystallite. The nanocomposites show restricted melt flow and enhanced temperature sensitivity compared with the neat PP. The thermal stability of the nanocomposites is obviously improved compared with that of the neat PP. POLYM. COMPOS., 2008. © 2008 Society of Plastics Engineers.     

NR／BR／OMMT纳米复合材料的研究（Ⅱ）纳米蒙脱土在工业配方中的应用

选用前期优选出的有机蒙脱土（OMMT）牌号,利用机械共混法制备了不同OMMT含量的天然橡胶（NR）/顺丁橡胶（BR）/OMMT纳米复合材料。利用透射电子显微镜研究了复合材料的亚微观结构,观察结果显示制备出了分散均匀的剥离型的NR/BR/OMMT纳米复合材料;力学性能测试表明,当OMMT的用量为3份时,其复合材料的综合力学性能最佳;耐溶剂实验表明,随着OMMT含量的逐渐增加,NR/BR/OMMT纳米复合材料的耐溶剂性能明显提高并不断提高;而OMMT在轮胎工业配方中的优异性能表明其在轮胎工业中具有良好的应用前景。     

Studies on morphologies and thermal properties of poly(lactic acid)/polycaprolactone/organic‐modified montmorillonite nanocomposites

Poly(lactic acid)/organic montmorillonite (PLA/OMMT) nanocomposites were prepared via twin‐screw extrusion. Montmorillonite (MMT) was firstly organically modified to improve the compatibility between polyester and MMT. The effects of ratio between PLA and OMMT and the addition of polycaprolactone (PCL), as a compatilizer, on the properties of PLA/OMMT nanocomposites were studied. The morphology and the properties of the nanocomposites were characterized by XRD, DSC, and TEM. Using OMMT, the intercalated structure was formed during the extrusion process and the OMMT interlayers space was enlarged. More OMMT content was apt to form thicker structure with more stacked individual silicate layers, which led to lower degree of crystallinity of PLA. It showed that 1 phr OMMT could result in the largest interlayers space and the best crystallization state. PCL can effectively increase the binding force between two phases and improve the order of the nanocomposites. In addition, the annealing after treatment can form regular structure and enhance the thermal properties of nanocomposites. POLYM. COMPOS., 2008. © 2008 Society of Plastics Engineers