钢─混凝土组合梁中栓钉连接件实际抗剪承载能力的计算

本文通过试验研究栓钉剪力连接件在钢─混凝土组合梁中的实际承载能力，对我国现行《钢结构设计规范》中栓钉连接件设计抗剪承载能力计算公式的限制条件提出了修正建议，并对部分剪力连接组合梁中的检钉承载能力做了初步探讨，它对钢─混凝土组合梁设计具有实用参考价值。     

钢-混凝土组合梁栓钉连接件的性能研究综述

以国内外相关理论、试验研究及设计资料的收集为基础,探讨栓钉剪力连接件的破坏机理,受力特性和影响栓钉承载力主要因素,对栓钉剪力连接件在高强混凝土组合梁中的性能进行了分析.最后,对钢混凝土组合梁中栓钉剪力连接件的设计提出了建议.     

钢-混凝土预制板组合梁栓钉连接件的试验研究

为了研究钢-混凝土预制板组合梁中栓钉剪力连接件的性能,对不同的预留孔型、孔内不同的填充材料等12个推出试件进行试验研究。根据现有的组合梁理论,作者对试验结果进行对比分析,提出了对钢-混凝土预制板组合梁栓钉剪力连接件设计的建议。     

钢-混凝土组合结构新型双钉头型栓钉剪力连接件抗剪承载力研究

以钢-混凝土组合梁中普遍采用的栓钉剪力连接件为研究对象,针对普通单钉头栓钉连接件存在根部相对薄弱、抗剪能力较差、连接容易过早失效的缺点,提出了一种新型双钉头型栓钉剪力连接件形式,并进行了推出试验有限元模拟分析,在此基础上讨论了影响新型栓钉连接件抗剪承载力的主要因素,最后结合有关规范公式提出了设计建议。研究表明:新型双钉头型栓钉提高了连接件的抗剪极限承载力(与传统栓钉相比,承载力可提高约10%),减小了钢梁与混凝土板的相对滑移,提高了二者的共同工作能力。下钉头直径是影响新型栓钉连接件抗剪性能的主要因素,工程应用时可取栓钉下钉头直径为其杆身直径的1.2~1.3倍,此时连接件极限承载力较高,抗剪工作性能亦较好。当按照我国现行钢结构规范设计采用新型栓钉连接件的钢-混凝土组合梁时,可对单个栓钉连接件的抗剪承载力计算值乘以1.3增大系数。与采用传统栓钉的组合梁相比,采用新型栓钉的钢-混凝土组合梁初期刚度与前者基本相同,但后期会有约12%~20%的明显提高。由于新型栓钉的滑移较小,使混凝土板和钢梁共同工作效果提高。     

Experimental study on mechanical behavior of shear studs in assembled monolithic steel-concrete composite beam

为研究装配整体式钢-混凝土组合梁中栓钉抗剪连接件的受力性能,设计了10个栓钉抗剪连接件,对其进行推出试验,得到了现浇混凝土板和预制混凝土板中栓钉抗剪连接件在单调和重复荷载作用下的界面剪力-滑移曲线以及破坏形态。结果表明：预制混凝土板中栓钉受剪承载力比现浇混凝土中栓钉受剪承载力略低,均为栓杆剪断和栓钉根部焊缝破坏;重复荷载作用下峰值界面剪力对应的界面滑移明显大于单调荷载作用下峰值界面剪力对应的界面滑移;重复荷载作用下的峰值界面剪力与单调荷载下的峰值界面剪力相当,其界面剪力-滑移曲线基本一致。     

装配整体式钢-混凝土组合梁栓钉抗剪连接件受力性能试验研究

为研究装配整体式钢-混凝土组合梁中栓钉抗剪连接件的受力性能,设计了10个栓钉抗剪连接件,对其进行推出试验,得到了现浇混凝土板和预制混凝土板中栓钉抗剪连接件在单调和重复荷载作用下的界面剪力-滑移曲线以及破坏形态。结果表明:预制混凝土板中栓钉受剪承载力比现浇混凝土中栓钉受剪承载力略低,均为栓杆剪断和栓钉根部焊缝破坏;重复荷载作用下峰值界面剪力对应的界面滑移明显大于单调荷载作用下峰值界面剪力对应的界面滑移;重复荷载作用下的峰值界面剪力与单调荷载下的峰值界面剪力相当,其界面剪力-滑移曲线基本一致。     

钢－混凝土组合梁中剪力连接件实际承载力的研究

设计实践表明，我国现行（钢结构设计规范）［５］关于栓钉和槽钢剪力连接件的抗剪承载力计算公式过于保守，导致设计计算所需要的连接件数量偏多、间距偏小。本文通过４０余根钢－混凝土组合梁试件的试验研究，定量分析了栓钉和槽钢剪力连接件在组合梁中的实际抗剪承载力，得到了现行公式偏于保守的程度，并在此基础上提出放宽对栓钉连接件承载力公式限制条件的建议。     

浅谈钢--混凝土组合梁的剪力连接件

简要介绍了钢一混凝土组合梁中常见剪力连接件的形式。重点讲述目前最常用的栓钉连接件的破坏机理及其承载力计算方法，并介绍了近年来新型剪力连接件的发展。     

钢-混凝土组合梁栓钉剪力连接件抗剪承载力研究

为了探究钢-混凝土组合梁栓钉剪力连接件构造参数对其抗剪承载力的影响,采用ABAQUS有限元软件建立了数值分析模型,获得了荷载-滑移曲线,并与经验公式计算比较,二者吻合较好;通过改变结构的混凝土强度等级、栓钉直径、栓钉屈服强度和栓钉长度等构造参数,分析了栓钉抗剪承载力的变化规律。结果表明:栓钉剪力连接件的抗剪承载力随着混凝土强度等级、栓钉直径、栓钉屈服强度的增大而提高。     

对组合钢梁-预制空心板中栓钉连接件的性能分析

在钢-混凝土组合梁中,剪切连接件的机械作用使得纵向剪力转移到钢翼缘/混凝土板的接合处。这种转移能力取决于剪切连接件的强度和混凝土板抵抗由剪力高度集中所导致的纵向开裂的能力。大多数对组合结构的分析都集中在传统的钢筋混凝土和金属面板结构,而对预制空心板中栓钉的剪切能力研究很少。本文对带栓钉的预制空心板组合梁结构提出标准的推力试验方法。一共进行7组测试性试验,试验结果显示新方法符合钢筋混凝土楼板规范要求。在确定这个新的标准方法后,对栓钉进行了72个足尺推力试验,确定了该类型连接件的性能,通过分析试验结果,还指出了各类参数对连接件强度和延性的作用。本文还提出了这种剪力连接件的设计公式。     

Experimental and shear bearing capacity studies of the assembled composite wall with bolted connections

To realize the dry connection of an assembled composite wall structure, a bolted connection based on the horizontal joint of an assembled composite wall is proposed. Five specimens were designed under monotonic loading. The failure modes, the seismic performance of the specimens, and the strains and slip of the connectors were studied. The plate thickness and the high‐strength bolts diameter are the key points of research. Moreover, the finite element model for experiment is also established, and the parameters are analyzed based on the numerical models. The results of the experiments and the simulations show that the bolted connection is feasible and the specimens have good deformation capacity. Increasing the plate thickness can improve the bearing capacity of the specimens. Finally, the formula for the shear bearing capacity of the specimen is obtained.     

设置竖向通缝的螺栓连接双层钢板-混凝土组合剪力墙抗震性能试验

为提高双层钢板混凝土组合剪力墙的施工效率,提出了设置竖向通缝、水平缝通过螺栓连接的装配式双层钢板-混凝土组合剪力墙,并对6个缩尺比为1∶2的组合剪力墙进行了拟静力试验,得到其破坏形态、滞回性能、应变、刚度和承载力退化、耗能能力等试验结果,分析设置竖向通缝、不同形式水平缝螺栓连接等构造对组合剪力墙抗震性能的影响。试验结果表明：该装配式组合剪力墙抗震性能良好;相比于边缘构件和墙体焊接的组合剪力墙,设置竖向通缝的组合剪力墙承载力降低约25%,但延性提高;采用合理的水平缝螺栓连接构造,可保证连接处应力的有效传递。与一字形和锯齿形缝组合剪力墙相比,企口形缝组合剪力墙的承载力较低。     

Strength requirements of single cold-formed channels connected back-to-back

Tests to determine the failure modes and capacity of the eaves region of steel portal frames are presented. This was part of a major research project to establish the overall behaviour of steel portal frames, constructed from single channels and bolted back-to-back at the eaves joint. Variables in the 4 tests include the number of bolts in the connection, the points of contraflexure, the width of the channel flanges and the strength of the channels. Three modes of failure were observed, namely: local buckling of the compression zone of the flange and web of the channels, lateral torsional buckling of the channels between points of lateral support, and bolts in bearing. The final failure mode in all structures was local buckling of the compression flange and web. Local buckling was made more critical by stress concentrations, shear lag and bearing deformations caused by back-to-back bolted connections. It is proposed to apply a factor of 0.8 to the yield moment and the buckling moment of resistance to account for stress concentrations, shear lag and bearing deformations.     

Lap shear tests of bolted and screwed ferritic stainless steel connections

The development of design guidance for stainless steel structures requires more tests on ferritic grade connections. This paper deals with a series of lap shear tests which have been carried out on various configurations of bolted and screwed connections. The tests demonstrate net section failure, bearing failure and block tearing failure. The material is a ferritic stainless steel of grade 1.4509 (AISI 441) with a thickness of 0.5–4.5 mm. The results are utilized in developing design guidance in accordance with Eurocodes.     

钢-混凝土组合结构螺栓节点试验研究

阐述了新型的钢-混凝土组合壳的组成，为了解螺栓节点对组合壳承载性能的影响，进行了一系列的试验，对螺栓节点的受力性能作了分析研究，以对组合结构类似半刚性节点的处理作借鉴。     

Prediction of the strength of bolted cold-formed channel sections in tension

This study is concentrated on the investigation of the shear lag effect on bolted cold-formed steel tension members. Channel sections with different dimensions tested by using bolted connections were discussed in this study. The comparisons were made between the test results and predictions computed based on several specifications. In order to study the stress distribution at the various locations of the cross-section of specimen, the finite-element software ANSYS was also utilized in this research. Based on the experimental results, it was found that the tension strengths of test specimens predicted by the AISC-Code [Load and resistance factor design specification for structural steel buildings, Chicago, IL, 1999], which takes into account the shear lag effect, provide good correlation with the test results for most specimens. The predictions according to AISI-Code [2001 Edition of the specification for the design of cold-formed steel structural members. Washington DC, 2001] and AS/NZS 4600 Code [Cold-formed steel structures, AS/NZS 4600:1996, Australia, 1996] seem to be overestimated as comparing to the test results. It is also noted that there is a quite discrepancy between the test results and the values predicted by both British Standard [British Standard: structural use of steelwork in building—part 5, Code of practice for design of cold-formed thin gauge sections, London, 1998] and Holcomb Recommendation [Tensile and bearing capacities of bolted connections, Second Summary Report, Civil Engineering Study 95-1. University of Missouri-Rolla, 1995]. The equation proposed by this study provides good agreement with test results.     

复式钢管混凝土装配式连接节点抗震性能试验研究

为研究复式钢管混凝土装配式连接节点的抗震性能,设计了5个复式钢管混凝土单边螺栓节点试件及1个穿心螺栓对比节点试件,进行了柱端固定轴压下水平往复加载试验,分析了T型件加肋、T型件翼缘厚度、梁柱线刚度比等对节点破坏形态、荷载-位移曲线、承载力、延性、耗能、刚度退化等抗震性能的影响。结果表明:复式钢管混凝土单边螺栓T型件连接节点滞回曲线饱满,变形耗能能力较强; 相比T型件未加肋试件,加单肋的节点极限承载力提高39%,加双肋节点极限承载力提高44%; T型件翼缘厚度20 mm的节点比14 mm的极限承载力提高13%,且极限位移也相应提高; 当梁柱线刚度比增大时,节点试件极限承载力和耗能能力均明显提高; 单边螺栓可发挥复式钢管混凝土柱内层钢管单边锁紧优势,内钢管应变值较大但节点域无明显变形,节点传力可靠且结构整体性较好; 对比穿心螺栓节点,单边螺栓节点初始刚度略小,极限承载力略有提高,二者等效黏滞阻尼系数基本相当,而节点变形能力及延性显著提高,说明单边螺栓装配式连接能较好地保证节点的稳定性和抗震性。     

Tests of single shear bolted connections of thin sheet steels at elevated temperatures—Part I: Steady state tests

The current design rules on bolted connections of thin sheet steels for cold-formed steel structures are applicable for ambient temperature condition only. Investigation of single shear bolted connections at elevated temperatures is limited. In this study, 120 single shear bolted connection specimens involving three different thicknesses of thin sheet steels and 30 coupon specimens were conducted by using steady state test method in the temperature range from 22 to 900 °C. There are three main failure modes observed in the single shear bolted connection tests, namely the net section tension, bearing, and tear out. The test results were compared with the predicted values calculated from the American, Australian/New Zealand and European specifications for cold-formed steel structures. In calculating the nominal strengths of the connections, the reduced material properties were used due to the deterioration of material at elevated temperatures. It is shown that the strengths of the single shear bolted connections predicted by the specifications are generally conservative at elevated temperatures. The comparison between the deterioration of the tested connection strengths and that of the material properties at elevated temperatures showed a similar tendency of reduction.     

Experimental study on the shear performance of quasi-NPR steel bolted rock joints

Quasi-NPR (negative Poisson’s ratio) steel is a new type of super bolt material with high strength, high ductility, and a micro-negative Poisson’s effect. This material overcomes the contrasting characteristics of the high strength and high ductility of steel and it has significant energy-absorbing characteristics, which is of high value in deep rock and soil support engineering. However, research on the shear resistance of quasi-NPR steel has not been carried out. To study the shear performance of quasi-NPR steel bolted rock joints, indoor shear tests of bolted rock joints under different normal stress conditions were carried out. Q235 steel and #45 steel, two representative ordinary bolt steels, were set up as a control group for comparative tests to compare and analyze the shear strength, deformation and instability mode, shear energy absorption characteristics, and bolting contribution of different types of bolts. The results show that the jointed rock masses without bolt reinforcement undergo brittle failure under shear load, while the bolted jointed rock masses show obvious ductile failure characteristics. The shear deformation capacity of quasi-NPR steel is more than 3.5 times that of Q235 steel and #45 steel. No fracture occurs in the quasi-NPR steel during large shear deformation and it can provide stable shear resistance. However, the other two types of control bolts become fractured under the same conditions. Quasi-NPR steel has significant energy-absorbing characteristics under shear load and has obvious advantages in terms of absorbing the energy released by shear deformation of jointed rock masses as compared with ordinary steel. In particular, the shear force plays a major role in resisting the shear deformation of Q235 steel and #45 steel, therefore, fracture failure occurs under small bolt deformation. However, the axial force of quasi-NPR steel can be fully exerted when resisting joint shear deformation; the steel itself does not break when large shear deformation occurs, and the supporting effect of the jointed rock mass is effectively guaranteed.