广义协调六结点平面曲边单元研究

主要运用广义协调原理,针对计算平面曲边单元的有限元算法进行了研究,并且利用点、周混合协调条件构造了三种高性能六结点曲边单元。第一、二种单元在平面直角坐标内分别采用解析试函数和完全三次多项式构造,第三种单元在六结点等参单元Q6的基础上附加广义协调泡状位移而成。这三种单元均能通过强式分片试验,并且显示了良好的计算精度和抗畸变能力。     

甲醇水混合溶液径向结构性质的研究

本文研究三种不同水模型对甲醇水混合溶液径向结构性质的影响,并与实验值作了比较,模拟所得结果均与实验值符合得较好,TIP4P-甲醇、TIP5P-甲醇的径向分布函数WWOOg(r)更与实验值接近,TIP4P水模型是研究甲醇水混合溶液的理想模型。     

一类恒化器竞争模型共存态的全局分歧北大核心CSCD

研究了一类带Ivlev型反应函数的非均匀恒化器竞争模型的全局分歧.利用最大值原理获得了共存解的先验估计,借助于特征值理论、上下解方法得到了共存解存在的必要条件,采用局部分歧理论构造了共存解的局部分支,并运用全局分歧理论证明了共存解的局部分支可延拓为全局分支.结果表明该全局分支连接了模型的两半平凡解分支.从生物学角度看,当两竞争物种的最大生长率满足一定条件时,两物种可以共存.     

弹性地基上自由边矩形板弯曲问题的研究

本文对于弹性地基上自由边矩形板弯曲问题构造了满足全部自由边界条件和自由角点条件的特殊挠度函数，然后应用能量原理得出该问题的挠度解答。通过算例验算了该方法的正确性，计算结果表明，该方法具有简便，精度高的优点，是工程结构计算的有效方法。     

正切法莫尔条纹信号幅值分割细分的误差分析

本文提出一种在使用正切法对莫尔条纹信号进行幅值分割细分时的误差计算方法.分析了在信号中含有直流分量、二次谐波噪声及幅值不等、相位不正交误差时,所构造的正切函数相位变化情况.先判断出正切函数相位变化关键点,分别计算其相位改变最大值,以此确定对细分精度影响最大的噪声及误差种类,便于在实际应用中有针对性的对信号进行降噪处理,并计算出细分误差.同时应用MATLAB在理想信号中加入上述噪声及误差,精确仿真非理想信号对细分的影响,绘制出相关图形.     

层合瓦楞纸板结构沿瓦楞方向的准静态压缩性能研究

试验研究了层合瓦楞纸板结构沿瓦楞方向的准静态压缩性能。研究结果表明:该结构准静态压缩载荷-变形曲线可分为2段——线弹性段和褶皱化变形段;楞型不同、厚度相同的样品,其准静态压缩最大值与瓦楞纸板的边压强度完全相关;楞型相同、厚度不同的样品,随着厚度的增加静态压缩最大值逐渐降低,厚度对载荷最大值所对应的变形值的影响不大。     

环Z_(pq)上逻辑函数的分解及其应用

为克服一般剩余类环上合数值逻辑函数无统一多项式表示给函数研究工作带来的困难,本文利用中国剩余定理对环Z_(pq)(pq且均为素数)上的pq值随机变量进行了分解;并由此对pq值逻辑函数及其变元进行了CRT-分解,给出了pq值逻辑函数的分解函数的代数标准型,据此可得pq值逻辑函数在CRT-分解意义下的代数标准型;又讨论了pq值相关免疫逻辑函数在CRT-分解意义下的等价判别条件,给出了利用分解函数的代数标准型构造pq值相关免疫逻辑函数的一种方法。     

直角域中椭圆形夹杂对SH波的散射与地震动

利用复变函数法和保角映射法研究了SH波入射到含有椭圆形夹杂的直角域中时的散射问题。首先,利用"镜像"叠加原理构造出满足直角域两个直线边界应力自由条件的等效入射及反射波场,通过将椭圆形夹杂的外域映射为单位圆外域构造出满足直角域自由表面应力自由条件的椭圆形夹杂的散射波场。其次,利用椭圆形夹杂边界处的应力和位移连续条件建立求解未知系数的积分方程组,并通过截断有限项求解。最后,给出了在不同参数条件下直角域水平边界处的地表位移幅值。通过算例可以看出:入射波数、入射角度、夹杂位置、介质参数等参数均对地表位移幅值有影响。     

Z_4~n上完全非线性函数的存在性和构造

给出了剩余类环Z4上的逻辑函数-4值逻辑函数是完全非线性函数的两个条件,引入了布尔函数中"类Bent函数"的概念,并用其构造了自变量个数是偶数的一类4值完全非线性函数,给出了1元4值完全非线性函数不存在性的一个简单证明。     

带张力轧制H型件边端的力能参数的实验研究及理论计算

本文通过实验研究了在连轧条件下轧制H型件边端的轧制力和力矩及张力对它们的影响,确定丁轧边端时的应力函数和力臂系数的变化规律。用刚塑性有限元法对轧H型件边端的力能参数进行了理论计算,计算结果与实验结果符合较好。本文的研究结果可推广于H型钢生产的工程计算。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

From Industry 4.0 to Research 4.0. Development of High Performance Fibers in the Light of Digitization

We associate a variety of innovations with the term ＂Industry 4.0＂. The pioneer of many 4.0 modifications forms the basisfor the trend towards the integrated di...     

Roman iron and steel: A review

ABSTRACT

The production of ferrous metal increased during the Roman Late Republican period, Principate and Empire. The direct bloomery process was used to extract the metal from its ores using slag-tapping and slag-pit furnaces. The fuel was charcoal and an air blast was introduced by bellows-operated tuyères. Iron formed as a bloom, often as a spongy mass of metal, which contained impurities from the smelting process, including unreacted ore, fuel, slag and fragments from the furnace walls, while the metal was often inhomogeneous with varied carbon contents. Blooms were either smithed directly into bars or ingots or they were broken up, which also allowed the removal of gross impurities and a selection of pieces with similar properties to be made. These could then be forge-welded together and formed into characteristically shaped ingots. Making steel in the furnace seems to have been achieved: it depended on the ore and the furnace and conditions within it. Surface carburization was also carried out. Iron and steel were used extensively in construction and for tools and weapons. Fire welding was often used to add pieces of steel to make the edges of tools and weapons, which could be heat-treated by quenching to harden them.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Synthesis of Alumina-Zirconia Nanocomposites by Solgel Process

Al₂O₃-ZrO₂ nanocomposites were developed starting with the solgel process. Composite alumina-zirconia nanopowders were synthesized from metallorganic precursors (Aluminium secondary butoxide and zirconium Iso propoxide) using the solgel process. The parameters affecting the synthesis—solvent, concentration of precursor, R/H ratio (i.e., dilution of water in solvent)—were varied as also the temperature and pH. BET and TEM were used to measure nanosize. Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and also qualitative optical absorption led to identical particle size estimate. The variation of process parameters was used to study the effect and interdependence of process parameters. Artificial Neural Networks was used to rigorously analyze the process. Although this led to confirmation of interdependence of parameters, the presence of a single overwhelming solvent variable was also established. Then the optimal process was used to synthesize more nanopowder. To produce bulk nanocomposite the nanopowders were sintered by varying the temperature and time period. The sintered lithoids were probed with a vickers hardness tester to measure elastic modulus, hardness, and fracture toughness. The results showed high elastic modulus, modest hardness, and very high fracture toughness.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Friction Stir Processing Strategies for Uniform Distribution of Reinforcement in a Surface Composite

Friction stir processing (FSP) is an important technique for preparing surface composites. Fabricating defect-free surface composites with uniform particle distribution by FSP is a challenging task. In this study, silicon carbide particles reinforced AA5083 alloy surface composites was fabricated using different FSP strategies including variation in process parameters, dual-tool processing and tool offset overlapping. Material flow of the processed material with reinforcement particles demonstrated that the distribution of particles was influenced by the stirring action of the probe as well as the extrusion of the plasticized material due to the movement of the tool. Process parameters, particularly rotational speed, showed a dominant influence on the distribution of silicon carbide particles.