线性调频信号匹配滤波器的研究与仿真

对雷达系统中普遍使用的线性调频信号进行时域频域分析,介绍了线性调频信号匹配滤波器的时频特性,重点计算和分析了此类信号经匹配滤波压缩处理的过程和结果,最后对线性调频信号匹配滤波器输出过程进行建模,分析了雷达目标回波信号的接收方法以及经过匹配滤波器后的输出结果。     

基于相位调制器的宽带窄线宽的线性调频激光源的产生

提出了一种基于相位调制器(PM)和可调谐光滤波器产生线性调频激光信号的方法。该方法利用带有基频的微波线性调频信号作为相位调制器的驱动信号,窄线宽的激光种子源经相位调制器调制后产生一系列的宽带线性调频激光信号。通过可调谐光滤波器抑制其他边带保留所需阶次的线性调频激光信号。实验结果表明:当光滤波器保留正二阶调频激光信号时,获得了调频带宽为2 GHz、调频速率为6 THz/s的线性调频激光信号。在观测时间为1 ms时,测得的线性调频激光信号的瞬时线宽为3.2 kHz。该方法结构简单,易于实现,并且对调频连续波激光雷达、相干光谱分析等测量应用有重要意义。     

线性调频信号和噪声调频信号性能对比分析

介绍了线性调频信号、噪声调频信号和匹配滤波的原理,对线性调频信号和噪声调频信号进行了时频域计算机仿真,并对两种信号加窗前后脉冲压缩的主副比、主瓣展宽等进行了对比分析,总结了两种调频信号的适用性.     

基于水下动目标LFM回波检测的累积归一化算法

水下声信号处理中通常采用匹配滤波器作为线性调频回波的最优检测器,并且根据匹配滤波器输出的峰值位置估计目标距离,但对于径向速度未知的动目标线性调频回波信号,多普勒频偏造成的回波和样本失配将导致匹配滤波器检测性能下降。在Dechirp算法基础上提出了可以用于混响噪声背景下动目标线性调频回波检测的累积归一化算法,仿真测试表明,该算法在混响噪声背景下具有良好的检测性能,并且根据判决向量的峰值位置可以估计目标径向速度。     

基于幅度加权的预失真线性调频超声编码激励

为了提高医学超声成像的轴向分辨力和确保对比度,该文提出一种基于幅度加权的预失真线性调频编码新方法.该方法将线性调频发射信号幅度加权技术和回波信号旁瓣抑制技术相结合,一方面补偿超声探头对发射信号的影响,使得回波信号的带宽不局限于探头,提高轴向分辨力;另一方面消除发射信号幅频特性的菲涅耳波纹,提高发射信号的带宽并采用失配滤波器进行脉冲压缩,实现旁瓣抑制,确保成像对比度.仿真结果表明:相对恒包络线性调频编码,预失真线性调频编码方法不仅提高了轴向分辨力,而且最大旁瓣幅度减小至-48 dB以下,满足医学成像对比度要求.FieldII仿真B超图像结果表明:恒包络线性调频和预失真线性调频编码方法的轴向分辨力分别是0.35 mm和0.25 mm.     

噪声调频信号自相关特性分析

利用噪声信号作为发射信号进行目标探测具有低截获概率、信号特征不明显、对辐射信号要求不高等一系列优点，因此受到了广泛的重视，本文以噪声调频信号为例，通过数学推导和仿真对噪声调频信号的自相关特性进行了深入的分析。分析结果表明，噪声调频信号的自相关旁瓣取决于调制信号的概率密度函数和信号的时间带宽积。     

基于DFRFT水下动目标LFM回波检测算法

匹配滤波器作为高斯白噪声背景下线性调频信号的最优检测器,在水下声信号处理中得到了广泛的应用。根据匹配滤波器输出峰值位置可以获得目标距离的估计,但运动目标径向速度造成的回波和样本失配将导致匹配滤波器检测性能下降。利用分数阶傅里叶变换对线性调频信号的聚焦特性,提出了应用离散分数阶傅里叶变换的水下运动目标线性调频回波检测算法。仿真测试表明,该算法对于混响噪声背景下径向速度未知动目标的线性调频回波具有良好的检测性能。     

对线性调频脉冲压缩雷达干扰的时域分析

根据线性调频脉冲压缩雷达匹配滤波器的群延时特性，用时域的方法分析了移频干扰的效果，通过深入分析干扰机产生线性调频信号通过匹配滤波器的情况，得出干扰信号产生作用的条件。     

时分噪声调频干扰性能分析与验证

时分噪声调频干扰是一种常用的多目标干扰样式,对其性能的分析研究具有重要意义。构建了时分噪声调频干扰信号的产生模型,统计了不同的干扰重复周期、有效调制带宽和占空比下时分噪声调频干扰信号的功率和干扰带宽,分析出这些参数对时分噪声调频干扰信号功率和干扰带宽的影响,指出了关于脉冲信号带宽认识上的误区。对时分多目标干扰模拟设备生成的信号进行了测试,验证了相关结论。     

调频信号FM-AM转换数字解调研究

研究了FM—AM转换时频分析的理论及其实现方法,利用高斯滤波器设计了调频信号的调制特征分析滤波器组,并以正弦调频和线性调频两类调频信号为例,进行了数字解调分析。仿真结果表明,在信噪比为5dB时,利用FM—AM转换时频分析技术,可以有效地提取载波调频的特征信息。     

Performance analysis of LMS adaptive prediction filters

The conditions required to implement real-time adaptive prediction filters that provide nearly optimal performance in realistic input conditions are delineated. The effects of signal bandwidth, input signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), noise correlation, and noise nonstationarity are explicitly considered. Analytical modeling, Monte Carlo simulations and experimental results obtained using a hardware implementation are utilized to provide performance bounds for specified input conditions. It is shown that there is a nonlinear degradation in the signal processing gain as a function of the input SNR that results from the statistical properties of the adaptive filter weights. The stochastic properties of the filter weights ensure that the performance of the adaptive filter is bounded by that of the optimal matched filter for known stationary input conditions     

Theoretical analysis of phase diversity optical homodyne receiverwith FSK demodulation

A detailed analysis of optical coherent phase diversity single-filtered and dual-filtered frequency-shift keying (FSK) receivers corrupted by shot and phase noise is presented. With delay and cross-product detection, the effect of various parameters, including bandwidths of filters, delay time, frequency deviation and noises, are investigated. The tolerance of phase noise is quite large, when small time delay in the demodulator and appropriately large frequency deviation is selected. It is also shown that there exists an optimal bandwidth for the first filter in the dual-filtered FSK receiver. For a total linewidth equal to half of the bit rate, the power penalty incurred (at BER=10^-9) is 1.92 dB when the modulation index is 4, provided that an optimal filter bandwidth and a frequency deviation-delay product of 0.25 are used     

Analysis and optimization of DS-CDMA systems with time-limited partial response chip waveforms

Conventional direct sequence code division multiple access systems (DS-CDMA) using offset quadrature phase shift key (OQPSK) usually employ a strictly bandlimited partial response square-root raised cosine pulse as the chip waveform. They have the disadvantage of large envelope fluctuation that will incur performance degradation due to the intermodulation and bandwidth enlargement caused by post nonlinear processing. To improve the performance of DS-CDMA systems, the chip waveform and receiver should be properly selected. This paper presents a systematic performance analysis of a matched filter receiver and zero-forcing filter (ZF) receiver for DS-CDMA using a time-limited partial response chip waveform. Nevertheless the systematic performance analysis is applicable to bandlimited chip pulse as well. For the zero-forcing filters, we propose to select the frequency responses that satisfy the first Nyquist criterion. With this class of filters, we can choose the roll-off factor to minimize the total power of multiple access interference and noise power. The zero-forcing filter with proper choice of roll-off factor, referred to as optimum ZF, yields a performance better than the matched filter counterpart. The bit error rate (BER) performance of the optimum ZF with superposed quadrature amplitude modulation signal as the time pulse waveform is evaluated. It is shown that the optimum ZF provides better BER performance than conventional OQPSK and minimum shift keying, and its envelope uniformity is much better than that of OQPSK.     

Bandwidth-efficient coded modulation with optimized linearpartial-response signals

We study the design of optimal signals for bandwidth-efficient linear coded modulation. Previous results show that for linear channels with intersymbol interference (ISI), reduced-search decoding algorithms have near-maximum-likelihood error performance, but with much smaller complexity than the Viterbi decoder. Consequently, the controlled ISI introduced by a lowpass filter can be practically used for bandwidth reduction. Such spectrum shaping filters comprise an explicit coded modulation, for which we seek the optimal design. We simultaneously constrain the bandwidth and maximize the minimum Euclidean distance between signals. We show that under quite general assumptions the problem can be formulated as a linear program, and solved with well-known efficient optimization techniques. Numerical results are presented, and the performance of the optimal signals, measured by their combined bandwidth and noise immunity, is analyzed. The new codes are comparable to set-partition (TCM) trellis codes. Tests of an M-algorithm decoder confirm this and show that the performance occurs at small detection complexity     

采用ASK调制的波分复用系统中滤波器带宽的优化设计

提出了采用幅移键控（ＡＳＫ）调制的波分复用（ＷＤＭ）系统中光滤波器带宽的优化设计问题。并根据对长距离波分复用系统中影响信噪比的主要因素的分析,计算了优化设计问题,数值计算给出了一些有意义的结果     

Performance of coherent optical CPFSK-DD with intersymbolinterference, noise correlation, and laser phase noise

An exact probability of error expression is presented for a narrow-deviation binary CPFSK coherent optical receiver utilizing differential detection (CPFSK-DD). The result is given in terms of the Marcum Q-function and takes into account the non-Gaussian noise statistics at the decision moment, intersymbol interference, noise correlation, and laser phase noise. Numerical results indicate a local oscillator shot-noise-limited receiver sensitivity of 23.4 photons/b when using a modulation index of 0.67 in combination with an IF filter having a sixth-order Butterworth magnitude response and a normalized 3-dB bandwidth of 1.09. For a given IF filter and IF linewidth, it is found that the modulation index and the IF filter bandwidth should be jointly optimized in order to achieve the best overall receiver sensitivity. When the IF linewidth times the differential delay product is 0.34 %, modulation index and the optimum normalized 3-dB bandwidth are found to be 0.72 and 1.1, respectively. By using Monte Carlo simulation, it is demonstrated that adding laser phase noise at the demodulation stage of the analysis is a valid simplifying assumption for a wide range of practical design parameters     

Design of a Sanguine Noise Processor Based Upon World-Wide Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) Recordings

This paper describes the design of a candidate noise processor for the Sanguine receiver based on communication theory considerations and detailed experiments using wide-band recordings of extremely low-frequency (ELF) (3-300 Hz) atmospheric noise. This processor consists of the following elements: 1) a compensating (or whitening) filter; 2) nonlinear notch filtering at frequencies of manmade interference; 3) a post-notch filter nonlinearity; and 4) a phase coherent linear matched filter. Due to the impulsive non-Gaussian nature of the noise, nonlinear processing with a bandwidth considerably greater than the 40-80-Hz signal bandwidth is significantly better than a linear receiver (consisting only of a matched filter and appropriate whitening filters). Simulations using noise recordings from a number of widely separated locations in the world have shown improvements of 7 dB to 20 dB at times of high ELF atmospheric noise levels at the receiver input.     

Trellis-coded constant-envelope modulations with linear receivers

We present two multilevel constant-envelope continuous-phase modulation (CPM) schemes with four-dimensional (4-D) trellis coding. The receiver is composed of a simple quadrature demodulator, followed by a symbol-rate sampler and a Viterbi decoder matched to the code trellis. The first modulation is a quaternary CPM scheme whose phase transitions over a symbol interval are those of π/4-shift quaternary phase-shift keying (QPSK). The demodulator filter is optimized so as to minimize the combined effect of intersymbol interference (ISI) and noise at the decision instants. We use Wei's (1987) 16-state 4-D trellis code, and redefine the set partitioning tree so as to maintain the same minimum distance between parallel transitions as in quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) signal sets. The resulting modulation outperforms minimum-shift keying (MSK) by as much as 3.5 dB, in addition to reducing the 30-dB signal bandwidth by 20%. Next, we introduce an octonary (8-level) CPM scheme whose phase transitions are those of π/8-shift 8PSK. The same trellis code and receive filter optimization are also applied to this modulation which is shown to achieve better error rate performance than MSK, while saving some 60% of the transmitted signal bandwidth     

Performance of CP-FSK systems with tight IF filtering

A report is presented on a rigorous bit-error-rate analysis appropriate to continuous-phase frequency shift keying (CPFSK) coherent optical receivers with delay demodulation and an integrating IF filter with integration time less than or equal to the delay time. An important result of the analysis is that IF filtering for CPFSK modulation reduces the phase swing due to modulation at the detector, and this leads to a degradation in system performance both with regard to phase noise and receiver noise influence. For a modulation index of 0.5, a minimum 2.4-dB penalty relative to matched filter detection is found under shot-noise-limited conditions and without any phase noise     

The Effect of Bandlimiting Filters on Probability of Error of MSK

Minimum Shift Keying (MSK) is a method of modulation which can be viewed as a special case of Frequency Shift Keying or a special form of Offset Quadrature Phase Shift Keying; therefore, it can be detected either by a discriminator or with a pair of matched filters. In the latter case, the system is optimal, provided there are no bandlimiting filters in the transmitter and receiver. These filters introduce intersymbol interference and hence degrade the performance of the system. In this paper we investigate analytically the effect of a bandlimiting filter in the receiver on the error probability of the system, presenting numerical results when that filter is of the Butterworth type. It is shown that a very simple suboptimal detector outperforms the matched filter detector so long as2W/R_{b} < 1.3, where Rbis the bit rate andWis the single sided 3 dB bandwidth of the bandlimiting filter.